1、GRE（ VERBAL）模拟试卷 43及答案与解析 一、 SECTION 3 Directions: Each passage in this group is followed by questions based on its content. After reading a passage, choose the best answer to each question. Answer all questions following a passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage. 0 During t
2、he mid-twentieth century the United States began a policy toward Native Americans called “readjustment.“ This policy stemmed from the rise of the civil rights movement. Because of the movement, there was greater awareness that all Americans needed to be able to exercise the rights guaranteed by the
3、United States Constitution. Readjustment recognized that life on reservations prevented Native Americans from exercising those rights. Reservations had created segregation that caused just as much damage as the racially segregated schools still prevalent throughout the nation during the period. The
4、readjustment movement advocated the end of the federal governments involvement in Native American affairs and encouraged the assimilation of Native Americans into mainstream American society. The belief was that if it were beneficial for African American children to be placed in schools with white c
5、hildren, it would also be beneficial for Native Americans to become integrated into white society. The policy, however, failed to recognize the emergence of a new generation of Native American leadership and efforts to develop tribal institutions and reaffirm tribal identity. The new leadership did
6、not desire assimilation, but instead wanted more segregation. The Native American community was vying to reassert its distinct identity and separate itself from mainstream America. 1 According to the passage, the readjustment policy sought to （ A） discourage assimilation of Native Americans （ B） dec
7、rease the responsibility of tribal leaders （ C） encourage desegregation among Native Americans （ D） increase government involvement in Native American affairs （ E） increase segregation among tribal institutions 2 Select the sentence that suggests the U.S. government believed that all minorities had
8、equivalent educational needs. 3 The passage suggests that the author would be most likely to agree with which of the following statements? 3 A Readjustment was a well-intentioned, though flawed, attempt to redress historical wrongs. B Integration into predominantly white classrooms is the only optio
9、n for minority schoolchildren. C In the mid-twentieth century, tribal leaders refused to allow Native American children to attend mainstream schools. D Tribal leaders did not understand the benefits of integration. E In the mid-twentieth century, government leaders never visited actual tribal reserv
10、ations. Eli Whitneys cotton gin famously changed the face of the agricultural industry by greatly increasing productivity. Although the gin was enormously popular, Whitney himself struggled to make a profit from it. After receiving a patent for his invention, Whitney and his business partner opted t
11、o produce as many cotton gins as possible and to charge farmers a user fee instead of selling them outright. Farmers considered this fee unnecessary and exorbitant, and began manufacturing copies of the cotton gin instead. Because of a loophole in the patent law, the many lawsuits brought by Whitney
12、 and his partner against the farmers were fruitless. The duo finally agreed to license their cotton gins at a reasonable price. However, due to the costs of their legal battles, they were unable to make the fortune that Whitney had previously predicted. 4 According to the passage, which one of the f
13、ollowing was an obstacle in implementing widespread use of Whitneys cotton gin? （ A） Whitneys reluctance to seek a patent for his cotton gin （ B） The high fees being charged to farmers for the use of Whitneys cotton gin （ C） The negative impact of Whitneys cotton gin on the economy of the south （ D）
14、 Whitneys inability to profit from his invention （ E） Whitneys reliance on a loophole in the patent law 4 It sounds like the premise for a science fiction novel, but scientists are today developing a drug that could eliminate traumatic events from our memories. Thus far the research is focused on al
15、tering memories immediately following one particular type of trauma, car accidents, with promising results. But the potential applications of the research are far more wide reaching and morally ambiguous. On one hand, such a drug could provide a breakthrough in the treatment of post-traumatic stress
16、 disorder in war veterans and rape victims. On the other hand, by relegating our memories to oblivion, such a drug could fundamentally change our sense of self and personal history. It is unclear how the human brain stores memories, and much is unknown about why painful memories of traumatic events
17、come back to haunt some and not others. But one thing is certain as research into the technology of altering memories continues, so will the ethical debates on whether this pharmaceutical innovation falls outside the spectrum of appropriate medical interventions. 5 The main point of the passage is t
18、o （ A） describe the premise of a science fiction novel （ B） propose a remedy for traumatic brain injuries （ C） question certain medical research （ D） admit to the failings of pharmaceutical innovation （ E） reject the concept of drug trials 6 Which of the following can be inferred from the passage re
19、garding research into the memory-altering drug? （ A） It is currently applicable to many types of traumatic situations. （ B） Research is ongoing, and the treatment remains controversial. （ C） Our sense of self as well as our personal history is essentially static. 7 Select the sentence that mentions
20、a specific moral dilemma resulting from the use of a memory-altering drug. 8 It can be inferred from the passage that （ A） scientists have discovered a means by which human memories can be completely eliminated （ B） only drugs that affect memory are morally ambiguous （ C） ethical debates are a predi
21、ctable result of certain types of scientific research 8 Transportation has continued to change dramatically with each generation. The last commercial innovation was electric trains, like Frances TGV, which were first introduced in the early 1980s and are capable of reaching speeds of more than 185 m
22、iles an hour. The next trend in trains will most likely be the “maglevs,“ or magnetic levi-tation trains, which are designed to hover over their tracks by resting on magnetic fields and which are driven by motors with no moving parts. Once these trains are up and running, they are expected to reach
23、speeds of more than 400 miles per hour. 9 Which of the following would most likely be found at the beginning of this passage? （ A） A discussion of different transportation methods that have been used throughout history （ B） A statistical analysis of transportation trends in several countries （ C） A
24、series of portraits of the types of trains utilized throughout the history of the United States and Europe （ D） An account of the technological challenges involved in engineering faster trains （ E） An essay on historical transportation models 9 In Rembrandts day, many of his fellow painters portraye
25、d their characters much like the idealized gods of Greek and Roman mythology. Rembrandt differed by painting people in a more realistic and humble manner. He used himself, his family members, and even beggars as models. He viewed these individuals as being just as worthy of immortalization in art as
26、 mythological figures. He also fittingly enhanced his work by the use of chiaroscuro, a painting technique where light striking the foregrounded figures dramatically contrasts with a darkened background. Rembrandt reflected his paintings by remaining true to his singular artistic vision and casting
27、his own light on the darkness of conformity. 10 The author of the passage is primarily concerned with （ A） defining the technical methods Rembrandt used in painting his various works （ B） providing a brief memoir of Rembrandts motivations as a painter （ C） explaining how Rembrandt differentiated him
28、self from other painters of his time （ D） cataloging the individuals Rembrandt used as models in his works （ E） contrasting the works of contemporary painters to the works of Rembrandt 11 The passage supports which of the following statements about Rembrandt? （ A） Most of Rembrandts contemporaries a
29、voided the use of humble models for their paintings. （ B） Rembrandt achieved enhanced artistic effect through the use of a unique method. （ C） Rembrandt saw artistic value in subject matter outside the mainstream. 二、 SECTION 1 Directions: Each sentence below has one or two blanks, each blank indicat
30、ing that something has been omitted. Beneath the sentence are five lettered or sets of words. Choose the word or set of words for each blank that best fits the meaning of the sentence as a whole. 12 Many reformist criminal justice experts tend to believe that the key to long-term success with prison
31、ers is through(i)_into the community itself, rather than just through the traditional, yet often unproductive, attempt at extended(ii)_ 13 The teachers directions regarding how to write our research paper were very(i)_and vague, so when she returned the papers and had graded them all extremely harsh
32、ly, the class was(ii)_ that she hadnt given us a better understanding of her expectations. 14 The emergence of social networks on the Internet is being hailed by some as an innovation(i)_and(ii)_the concept of community; yet others criticize such institutions as (iii)_substitutions for old-fashioned
33、 human interactions.15 Lamarcks theory of evolution, which argued that acquired characteristics could be inherited, was eventually(i)_by the world scientific community, yet it continued to be embraced in the former USSR, because it was(ii)_consistent with the official Party beliefs, which stated tha
34、t individual men could(iii)_their nature.16 Joannas_lack of enthusiasm about the job made the interviewer extremely apprehensive to hire her; the company was searching for motivated employees who enjoyed what they did. （ A） covert （ B） manifest （ C） furtive （ D） feigned （ E） obvious 17 The American
35、Civil War began after the Confederate States of America seceded from the Union, in essence dividing the United States into two _countries. （ A） concordant （ B） allied （ C） distinct （ D） discrete （ E） united 18 Despite the capricious impulses that often impelled him to action in his social life, he w
36、as actually quite_when it came to making business decisions. （ A） logical （ B） garrulous （ C） pragmatic （ D） guileless （ E） reclusive 19 The fear inspired by the medias coverage of unprovoked shark attacks is_; there are actually more fatalities each year from lightning strikes than from shark attac
37、ks. （ A） pompous （ B） exaggerated （ C） candid （ D） subdued （ E） excessive 20 Agriculturists have traditionally considered crop rotation to be_; it helps to preserve soil nutrients, control disease, and deter weed growth. （ A） aesthetic （ B） didactic （ C） pedantic （ D） crucial （ E） indispensable 三、 S
38、ECTION 1 Directions: Each sentence below has one or two blanks, each blank indicating that something has been omitted. Beneath the sentence are five lettered or sets of words. Choose the word or set of words for each blank that best fits the meaning of the sentence as a whole. 21 It comes as no surp
39、rise that different cultures have certain behavioral norms; however, to an outsider, the specifics of these behaviors can often be_ （ A） explicit （ B） startling （ C） predictable （ D） unexpected （ E） derisive 22 Specific concerns frequently motivate the topics of scientific research, but the results
40、are often_ （ A） surprising （ B） specialized （ C） unanticipated （ D） beneficial （ E） spectacular 23 Many people believe that strong individual initiative characterized the Industrial Revolution and see inventors as the_of that age. （ A） aberration （ B） legends （ C） personification （ D） misrepresentat
41、ion （ E） symbols 24 Buried thousands of years ago inside various sediments, recently discovered fossils are_time capsules, filled with information for scientists who study organisms from the remote past. （ A） impenetrable （ B） resplendent （ C） veritable （ D） inconsequential （ E） truly 25 The adverti
42、sing executives were in_over continuing their latest successful, yet highly controversial, ad campaign; they could not decide on a course of action. （ A） agreement （ B） a quandary （ C） harmony （ D） a revolution （ E） a predicament 26 Many modernists believe that form follows function, and therefore,
43、their furniture designs have asserted the(i)_of human needs as the furnitures form was(ii)_human use. 27 The availability of carbon dioxide is an essential(i)_for plant life, while oxygen is equally(ii)_for animal life. 28 People frequently state that books about recent catastrophes are morally (i)_
44、attempts to profit from the misfortune of others, but an alternate opinion suggests that our desire for such material, together with the venerable tradition to which they belong,(ii)_ their suffering. 四、 SECTION 3 Directions: Each passage in this group is followed by questions based on its content.
45、After reading a passage, choose the best answer to each question. Answer all questions following a passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage. 28 Ernest Hemingways novel, The Sun Also Rises, has frequently been treated as a novel of the Lost Generation a group of young American
46、 expatriate writers living in Paris who came of age during World War I and established their reputations in the 1920s. They considered themselves “lost“ because their inherited values could not operate in the postwar world and they felt spiritually alienated from a country that they considered hopel
47、essly provincial and emotionally barren. More broadly, the Lost Generation represented the World War I American generation. This approach to The Sun Also Rises has become something of a critical cliche. Hemingway described the novel as less about the life of postwar expatriates than about the rhythm
48、s of nature as an expression of eternity. 29 The passage suggests that Hemingways novel is thought to display which of the following qualities? （ A） An attempt to reconcile nature with the philosophical concept of eternity. （ B） A description of the post-World War I expatriate experience. （ C） A dia
49、tribe against the organized religion of Hemingways day. 30 The passage addresses which of the following issues related to Hemingways depiction of the Lost Generation? （ A） Contemporary Parisians were frequently at odds with expatriate Americans because their wartime experiences were radically different. （ B） Organized religion was ill-equipped to address the needs of post-war America. （ C） Post-war Americans sometimes lived abroad as a respo
