1、GRE（ VERBAL）模拟试卷 45及答案与解析 0 Unlike some classic European novels, American literature encompasses many different, even unique, styles and genres. One of the most interesting of these is the Southern Gothic subgenre. As its name implies, Southern Gothic literature is reflective of life in the American
2、 South. Southern Gothic maintains some of the characteristics of Gothic writing, such as plot development of the supernatural or the ironic. However, Southern Gothic does not focus on creating tension and suspense like other Gothic genres. Instead, Southern Gothic story lines examine Southern societ
3、y and its underlying, often implicit, social structure. Southern Gothic writers generally spurn the stereotype of the gentleman on the plantation and the glamorous Southern belle. Instead, the authors develop characters that are sinister or reclusive and not particularly pleasant on the surface. How
4、ever, these characters usually have redeeming qualities that allow and encourage the reader to empathize with their situations or dilemmas. It is through these immoral and unhappy personalities that the Southern Gothic writer is able to present and explore moral issues of the American South, such as
5、 slavery and bigotry, without blatant accusations. 1 The main purpose of the passage is to （ A） explain how Southern Gothic writers use immoral personalities to explore moral issues in the American South （ B） explore the primary stylistic differences between classical Gothic and Southern Gothic （ C）
6、 argue that Southern Gothic is sufficiently unique to merit its classification as a distinct subgenre （ D） deny the necessity of tension and suspense as defining features of Gothic literature （ E） describe the identifying features of the Southern Gothic subgenre 2 Which of the following can be infer
7、red from the passage? （ A） Southern Gothic writers use their writings to subtly condemn immoral traditions like slavery and bigotry. （ B） Southern Gothic maintains certain elements of the classical Gothic tradition while breaking with other elements. （ C） The main characters of Southern Gothic liter
8、ature frequently alienate readers with their unpleasant, even sinister, personalities. 3 Select the sentence that weakens the authors assertion that readers are encouraged to sympathize with Southern Gothic characters. 4 Based on the attitudes displayed in the passage, with which of the following st
9、atements would the author most likely agree? （ A） Southern Gothic writers enjoy employing the character stereotypes of Southern plantation life. （ B） American literature sometimes diverges sharply from its European antecedents. （ C） Southern society is organized on clear moral guidelines of right an
10、d wrong. 二、 SECTION 3 Directions: Each passage in this group is followed by questions based on its content. After reading a passage, choose the best answer to each question. Answer all questions following a passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage. 4 Thousands, perhaps even m
11、illions, of people around the world are afflicted with a neurological condition called synesthesia. The word synesthesia comes from the Greek words syn, which means “together,“ and aisthesis, which means “perception or sensation.“ Those affected by the disorder experience an involuntary, simultaneou
12、s joining of two senses; for example, some synesthetes people with synesthesia perceive words as colors. Researchers do not know the causes of synesthesia, nor do they fully understand the mechanisms of the disorder. However, some scientists believe that synesthesia results from crossed connections
13、in the brain; synapses that are traditionally associated with one sensory system have somehow crossed over into another sensory system, which leads to a juxtaposition of two, typically unrelated senses. Synesthetic perceptions are idiosyncratic, and are as varied as the perceivers themselves. Theore
14、tically, the number of types of synesthesia is bound only by the sensory pairings themselves, such as the color/sound pairing mentioned previously. Researchers estimate that there could be as many as 35 different broad pairings sound/touch, taste/hearing, and so on each characterized by many permuta
15、tions and unique features. Indeed the variations could be endless, with each synesthete perceiving a slightly different color or sensation, for example. Although the perceptions vary among individuals, according to Dr. Richard Cytowic, a leading synesthesia expert, the lifelong inter-sensory associa
16、tions of die synesthetes remain stable, no matter what senses are joined in a given synesthete. 5 The primary purpose of the passage is to （ A） describe a medical condition that might be difficult to recognize even though it is clearly defined （ B） propose a radical new treatment for a medical condi
17、tion that was once thought unbeatable （ C） question the accuracy of the current definition of a well-known medical condition （ D） reject one explanation of a complex phenomenon in favor of another （ E） admit several weaknesses in the current theoretical approach to a complex medical condition 6 Sele
18、ct the sentence that best describes the scope of the sensory disorder. 7 According to the passage, each of the following statements regarding synesthesia is true EXCEPT 7 A researchers have not yet fully explained the mechanisms behind synesthesia B synesthetic perceptions are unique to the individu
19、al synesthete C the term synesthesia derives from a combination of Greek root words D the various permutations of synesthesia suggest that individuals experience shifting inter-sensory associations E researchers have so far failed to catalog all of the various sensory pairings experienced by synesth
20、etes In many Western European nations, the law is seen as rigid and not open to interpretation. This rigidity grants a consistency to questions of law that many would argue is absent in other, more flexible systems. The European construction of law provides litigants with a clear picture of how a ca
21、se will be decided. All parties involved are certain how judges will rule on issues. It is simple judges will strictly follow the law. This simple fact, that the law will not change from one situation to another, allows for court systems in Western Europe to process cases efficiently and cuts down o
22、n the amount of frivolous lawsuits. It is useless for an individual to attempt a case if he knows in advance that the law is not in his favor. 8 In the passage, the author is primarily concerned with （ A） arguing for a universal application of Western European legal practices （ B） decrying the rigid
23、ity and constancy of Western European legal practices （ C） describing the potential benefits of Western European legal systems （ D） defining the pros and cons of various legal systems （ E） denouncing European law for its anti-consumer bias 8 Researchers at the Shimizu Institute in Japan believe it i
24、s possible to terraform Mars by making use of the planets own resources and by introducing genetically altered life from Earth. They hope these actions will speed up the terraforming process, not just by adapting Mars to support Earth-life, but also by adapting Earth-life to exist on Mars. These exp
25、erts think they can use the Martian geology itself to jump-start the planet. The theory is that detonation of thermonuclear devices deep in the Martian mountains will trigger eruptions of hot magma that would melt the frozen atmosphere, thereby releasing the components necessary for life. 9 Which of
26、 the following, if true, would most weaken the experts theory as explained in the last two sentences? （ A） Martian mountains are well-situated and easily accessible by remote mobility devices. （ B） Similar eruptions of magma on Earth have demonstrated the ability to enable life in hostile underwater
27、 environments. （ C） Mars frozen atmosphere lacks the critical components necessary for life. （ D） Even if scientists could terraform Mars, the planet would eventually have all the same problems as Earth. （ E） Thermonuclear devices would be very dangerous to send to Mars. 9 For generations, Native Am
28、ericans used myths and legends to explain the mysterious world around them. One such etiological myth originated with the Cherokee. According to the tale, at one time, far in the past, animals, birds, fishes, and even insects were able to communicate with one another. When humans arrived, however, l
29、ife became more difficult because the creatures habitats began to shrink. In order to protect themselves, the creatures decided to introduce disease to humans. The plant world, however, took sympathy upon the Cherokee and so provided a remedy for each of the diseases created by the creatures. It was
30、 because of this, says the legend, that the Cherokee turned to plants for antidotes and medicines for illness. 10 Which of the following describes the organization of the passage? （ A） The author defines a theory then illustrates its workings. （ B） The author argues for one side then presents a coun
31、terargument. （ C） The author defends an early explanation of aboriginal medical practices. （ D） The author introduces a subject then gives an example of it. （ E） The author compares two versions of a creation myth to determine which is the original. 11 The author mentions etiological myth probably i
32、n order to （ A） cast aspersion on Cherokee legends （ B） give the academic designation for legends that explain practices or events （ C） show how animals were thought by the Cherokee to be able to communicate with each other 三、 SECTION 1 Directions: Each sentence below has one or two blanks, each bla
33、nk indicating that something has been omitted. Beneath the sentence are five lettered or sets of words. Choose the word or set of words for each blank that best fits the meaning of the sentence as a whole. 12 Onlookers considered Justin a(i)_after watching him eat; however, little did they know that
34、 he was(ii)_following a weeklong hunger strike. 13 Because it is(i)_to(ii)_all of the costs associated with starting a new business, a certain level of flexibility should be built into any initial business plan. 14 In 1948, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights was adopted by the United Nations.
35、 Its 30 articles ensured peoples rights to freedom from torture and(i)_, equal(ii)_under the law and a guarantee of a(iii)_based on the will of the people.15 During the Elizabethan era of the mid and late 1500s,(i)_ were common, including Christopher Marlowe and William Shakespeare, and tragedies we
36、re by far the most popular type of performance, despite their(ii)_endings. 16 Eager to sell her home and move to another city, Kendra accepted the proffered purchase agreement with_ （ A） reluctance （ B） humility （ C） enthusiasm （ D） probity （ E） alacrity 17 Until Andrew learned to_a strict schedule,
37、 he seldom managed to complete his homework in a timely manner. （ A） infer from （ B） commingle with （ C） adhere to （ D） vacillate from （ E） stick with 18 Although sometimes extremely_of automobile repair shops as a whole, people are unwilling to treat their own mechanics with equal criticism. （ A） r
38、everential （ B） deferential （ C） contemptuous （ D） redemptive （ E） disdainful 19 Consider the continuing pessimism of the political candidate, whose proposals are increasingly_ （ A） dreary （ B） astute （ C） euphoric （ D） popular （ E） bleak 20 He entered his supervisors office with an_sense of doom; h
39、is misdeeds at the office party would certainly cause him to be fired. （ A） elemental （ B） impractical （ C） inadvertent （ D） inexorable （ E） unerring 20 Nine times as many Americans died in the farmlands near Antietam Creek in the fall of 1862 than died on the beaches of Normandy on D-Day, the so-ca
40、lled longest day of World War II. The bloodiest single day of war in the nations history came when General Robert E. Lees Confederate Army undertook its first engagement on northern soil. According to the Antietam National Battlefield park service, when the fighting had subsided, more than 23,000 so
41、ldiers lay dead or wounded, more than all of the dead or wounded Americans in the Revolutionary War, War of 1812, Mexican War, and Spanish-American War combined. Just a week after his armys victory in the Second Battle of Bull Run, Lee resolved to advance the front into Northern territory. The vast
42、farm fields of western Maryland were ready for harvest, and Lee saw in them an opportunity to nourish his soldiers, replenish his supplies, and turn the residents of the undecided border state to his cause. 21 Which of the following most logically completes the first paragraph? （ A） How then did thi
43、s terrible battle come about? （ B） The Confederacy was famous for the tactical genius of its generals. （ C） Clearly the battle strategy on both sides was ineffective. （ D） Despite these casualties, the war dragged on for another three years. （ E） It was an inexcusable waste of human life. 22 Which o
44、f the following statements about Maryland can be inferred from the passage? （ A） Numerous farmers in Maryland had freed their slaves before the commencement of the Civil War. （ B） While Maryland was not a Confederate state, some residents were sympathetic to the Southern cause. （ C） General Lee inte
45、nded to pillage the farms of Maryland in order to feed his troops. （ D） Many Southern fighters were originally from Maryland. （ E） The battle at Normandy is more important than the battle at Antietam. 23 In the last sentence of the first paragraph, the author is most likely suggesting that （ A） the
46、other American wars of the 18th and 19th centuries did not have heavy casualties （ B） the Antietam National Battlefield park service is an unreliable source of information （ C） the Battle at Antietam was the most significant battle of the American Civil War （ D） General Lee was overly encouraged by
47、his success in the Second Battle of Bull Run （ E） the troops at Antietam suffered catastrophic losses compared to other battles in that century 五、 SECTION 1 Directions: Each sentence below has one or two blanks, each blank indicating that something has been omitted. Beneath the sentence are five let
48、tered or sets of words. Choose the word or set of words for each blank that best fits the meaning of the sentence as a whole. 24 The music store attracts an_group of customers; people with varied interests and lifestyles congregate there. （ A） irate （ B） assorted （ C） apprehensive （ D） aberrant （ E）
49、 eclectic 25 Linda exposed the illegal actions of her company and was, unfortunately, _by her peers for her ethical actions. （ A） adored （ B） shunned （ C） ostracized （ D） relieved （ E） celebrated 26 Because the media corporation owned such a large portion of the news channels, it enjoyed remarkable_in the news market. （ A） hegemony （ B） discretion （ C） atonement （ D） monotony （ E） predominance 27 In its first few hours out of the nest, a fledgling bird can find itself alone on the lawn, lookin
