1、GRE（ VERBAL）模拟试卷 48及答案与解析 一、 SECTION 1 Directions: Each sentence below has one or two blanks, each blank indicating that something has been omitted. Beneath the sentence are five lettered or sets of words. Choose the word or set of words for each blank that best fits the meaning of the sentence as a
2、 whole. 1 The name of the Sloane Matthew Library has long been_; even longtime city residents assume it is a run-of-the-mill library, never suspecting what art treasures it contains. 2 Although economic growth has conventionally been viewed as the_for poverty in underdeveloped regions, this prescrip
3、tions negative environmental side effects are becoming a concern. 3 Even as the economy struggled, the secretary stood by his_long-term outlook, saying that technology was allowing businesses to make deep-rooted improvements in their productivity, the best indicator of an economys ability to grow. 4
4、 The villas and compounds that proliferated during the building boom of the 1990s were(i)_, far too(ii)_for people of average means. 5 The governor has considerable political talents, but as a speaker he is far less(i)_than his opponent, whose oratorical skills are(ii)_. 6 There is no point in combi
5、ng through the director s work for hints of ideological significance. It is unnecessary: his ideology Marxist, anti-imperialist, aligned with the perceived interests of the powerless and the marginal is the(i)_ of his films. The clarity and force of that ideology are considerable, but its (ii)_somet
6、imes bothers critics, who often scold the director for lacking (iii)_.7 As the finances of the energy-trading firm began unraveling, what eventually became(i)_was that the company had been concocting “value“ out of thin air, thanks not to the trading strategies it promoted as visionary but to financ
7、ial(ii)_that turned a once-solid entity into the most notorious (iii)_in an era of corporate scandals.8 Kept(i)_by cloying commercial radio and clueless record executives, the American popular music scene has frequently depended on cities at the edges of the cultural map to provide a much-needed sho
8、t of(ii)_. The momentary (iii)_what the next big thing is seems to come out of nowhere as if someone blows a whistle only those in the know can hear, and suddenly record executives and journalists are crawling all over what had previously been an obscure locale.二、 SECTION 2 Directions: In each of th
9、e following questions, a related pair of words or phrases is followed by five lettered pairs of words or phrases. Select the lettered pair that best expresses a relationship similar to that expressed in the original pair. 9 Family photos of the author suggest that she was_child: she seemed to wear a
10、 permanent frown. A a sullen B an amiable C a surly D a beautiful E a prudent F a stunning 10 Biologists agree that snakes descended from lizards, but exactly where this first happened has been a matter of debate since the 1800s, when two_ theories emerged. A complex B competing C dubious D conclusi
11、ve E contending F irrefutable 11 A particular bacterium that has never encountered a particular virus will usually succumb to it, a_that may, surprisingly, be beneficial to the colony in which the bacterium lives. A susceptibility B theory C characteristic D juxtaposition E collision F hypothesis 12
12、 The remarkable thing about the mayoral race, in retrospect, is that so many people wanted the job of managing a municipality so obviously about to_ A materialize B disintegrate C crumble D prosper E flourish F scuffle 13 It is a testimony to Roths_that he could not quite bring himself to write a bo
13、ok as dull and flat as his original conception for his novel Everyman seemed to demand. A persistence B deterioration C talent D ambition E decline F genius 13 Despite hypotheses ranging from armed conflict to climate change, the abandonment of more than 600 Pueblo cliff dwellings in Mesa Verde by a
14、.d. 1300 still puzzles archaeologists. Researchers analyzing refuse from one Pueblo community found remains of maize a Pueblo crop in 44 percent of samples from years when the community flourished, but in only 10 percent of samples from years near the time of depopulation, while the remains of wild
15、plants increased significantly. Bones found in the samples showed that the consumption of domesticated turkeyswhich were fed maize decreased from 55 to 14 percent, while there was a marked increase in wild-animal bones. These data suggest that near the end of the sites occupation, villagers experien
16、ced substantial food shortages and adopted hunting-and-gathering strategies to compensate for crop failure. 14 According to the passage, which of the following is likely true regarding the consumption of wild plants in the Pueblo community investigated by researchers? （ A） It decreased dramatically
17、as the settlement began to decline. （ B） It significantly affected the food supply of wild animals living nearby. （ C） It increased as domesticated sources of food declined. （ D） It represented a continuation of centuries-old traditions. （ E） It fell markedly as the consumption of wild animals incre
18、ased. 15 The research described in the passage most clearly supports which of the following claims about the abandonment of Mesa Verde? （ A） It likely resulted from factors affecting crop viability. （ B） It was more extensive than had previously been documented. （ C） It may have been hastened by the
19、 abundance of wild animals in the area. （ D） It has been misdated by previous archaeological research. （ E） It happened more rapidly in certain Pueblo communities than in others. 15 Although it is intuitively clear that an increase in antipredator behavior lowers an animals risk of predation when pr
20、edators are present, such benefits are not easily demonstrated. One study that did so found that well-fed guppies are more alert for predators and are consequently less likely to be killed than are their hungry counterparts, which feed with greater intensity. It is also well documented that a decrea
21、se in activity lowers an animals risk of predation by reducing the probability of being detected or encountered by a predator. This effect was convincingly demonstrated by a study in which it was found that partially anesthetized tadpoles were less likely to be captured by dragonfly larvae than were
22、 unanesthetized tadpoles. 16 It can be inferred that the guppy study and the tadpole study, as they are described in the passage, differed in which of the following ways? （ A） The animals less likely to become the victims of predators were the more active ones in the guppy study but were the less ac
23、tive ones in the tadpole study. （ B） The animals less likely to become the victims of predators were those more alert to their surroundings in the guppy study but were the less alert ones in the tadpole study. （ C） The situation created experimentally for the guppy study would be more likely to occu
24、r in the wild than would the situation created for the tadpole study. 17 In the context indicated, “demonstrated“(line 3)most nearly means （ A） explained （ B） presented （ C） shown （ D） protested （ E） justified 17 Since the 1980s, experts have been claiming that the skill demands of todays jobs have
25、outstripped the skills workers possess. Moss and Tilly counter that worker deficiencies lie less in job-specific skills than in such attributes as motivation, interpersonal skills, and appropriate work demeanor. However, Handel suggests that these perceived deficiencies are merely an age effect, arg
26、uing that workers pass through a phase of early adulthood characterized by weak attachment to their jobs. As they mature, workers grow out of casual work attitudes and adjust to the workplace norms of jobs that they are more interested in retaining. Significantly, complaints regarding younger worker
27、s have persisted for over two decades, but similar complaints regarding older workers have not grown as the earlier cohorts aged. 18 The passage suggests that Moss and Tilly are most likely to disagree with the “experts“(line 1)about which of the following? （ A） Whether the skills demanded by jobs i
28、n the labor market have changed since the 1980s （ B） Whether employers think that job-specific skills are as important as such attributes as motivation and appropriate work demeanor （ C） Whether workers in today s labor market generally live up to the standards and expectations of employers （ D） Whe
29、ther adequate numbers of workers in the labor market possess the particular skills demanded by various different jobs （ E） Whether most workers are motivated to acquire new skills that are demanded by the labor market 19 The last sentence serves primarily to （ A） suggest that worker deficiencies are
30、 likely to become more pronounced in the future （ B） introduce facts that Handel may have failed to take into account （ C） cite evidence supporting Handels argument about workers （ D） show that the worker deficiencies cited by Handel are more than an age effect （ E） distinguish certain skills more c
31、ommonly possessed by young workers from skills more commonly found among mature workers 19 In the early twentieth century, the idea that pianists should be musician-scholars whose playing reflected the way composers wanted their music to sound replaced the notion that pianists should be virtuosos wh
32、ose performances thrilled audiences with emotional daring and showy displays of technique. One important figure to emerge in the period, though a harpsichordist rather than a pianist, was Wanda Landowska(1879-1959). She demonstrated how the keyboard works of Baroque composers such as Bach, Handel, S
33、carlatti, and Couperin probably sounded in their own times. It would be a mistake to consider Landowska a classicist, however. She had been born in an age of Romantic playing dominated by Liszt, Leschetizky, and their pupils. Thus she grew up with and was influenced by certain Romantic traditions of
34、 performance, whatever the stringency of her musical scholarship; Landowska knew how to hold audiences breathless, and when she gave recitals, they responded with deathlike silence and rapt attention. Her playing was Romantic, but it was at least as close in spirit to the style of playing intended b
35、y composers of the Baroque(1600-1750)and Classical(1750-1830)eras, as have been the more exacting but less emotionally resonant interpretations of most harpsichordists since Landowska. She had a miraculous quality of touch, a seemingly autonomous left hand; no artist in her generation could clarify
36、with such deftness the polyphonic writing of the Baroque masters. And none could make their music so spring to life. Her achievements were the result of a lifetime of scholarship, truly remarkable physical gifts, and resilient rhythm, all combined with excellent judgment about when not to hold the p
37、rinted note sacrosanct. Of course, developing such judgment demanded considerable experience and imagination. She was a genius at underlining the dramatic and emotional content of a piece, and to do so, she took liberties, all kinds of liberties, while nevertheless preserving the integrity of a comp
38、osers score. In short, her entire musical approach was Romantic: intensely personal, full of light and shade, never pedantic. Thanks to Landowska, Bachs music(originally composed for the harpsichord)now sounded inappropriately thick when played on the piano. One by one, pianists stopped playing Bach
39、s music as adapted for the piano by Liszt or by Tausig. Then they gradually stopped performing any kind of Baroque music on the piano, even Scarlattis. The piano repertoire, it began to be felt, was extensive enough without reverting to transcriptions of Baroque music originally written for the harp
40、sichord and piano performances of Bach and Scarlatti were, despite the obvious similarities between the harpsichord and the piano, transcriptions, no matter how faithfully the original notes were played. In accordance with this kind of purism came an emphasis on studying composers manuscript notatio
41、ns, a relatively new field of musicology that is flourishing even today. 20 The passage suggests that Landowskas playing embodied a rejection of which of the following? （ A） Emotionally resonant interpretations of musical works （ B） An audiences complete silence during a performance （ C） Performance
42、s of previously obscure Baroque works （ D） The idea that a performer can correctly judge when not to hold the printed note sacrosanct （ E） Performances emphasizing showy displays of technique that compromise the integrity of a composers original score 21 Which of the following can be inferred from t
43、he passage about the compositions of Scarlatti? （ A） They were adapted by Liszt and Tausig. （ B） They have not been transcribed faithfully. （ C） They were not composed during the Baroque period. （ D） They were composed for instruments other than piano. （ E） They fell out of favor with most musicians
44、 in the early twentieth century. 22 The passage suggests that Landowska would probably have objected most strongly to which of the following? （ A） A performance of a Bach keyboard piece played on the harpsichord （ B） A performance of a Handel organ piece on a Baroque pipe organ （ C） A modern composi
45、tion written for a harpsichord and two pianos （ D） A piano solo in which the performer occasionally departs from the tempo indicated by the composer （ E） A performance of a piano and violin sonata in which the piano part is played on the harpsichord 23 The authors assertion that Landowska should not
46、 be considered a classicist serves primarily to emphasize which of the following? （ A） Landowska specialized in playing the works of composers of the Baroque era. （ B） Landowskas repertoire included orchestral music only （ C） Landowskas musical performances were not devoid of emotion. （ D） Landowska
47、s repertoire emphasized works of long-lasting interest and value. （ E） Landowska advocated the study of Classical style or form. 23 Scientists formerly believed that the rocky planets Earth, Mercury, Venus, and Mars were created by the rapid gravitational collapse of a dust cloud, a deflation giving
48、 rise to a dense orb. That view was challenged in the 1960s, when studies of Moon craters revealed that these craters were caused by the impact of objects that were in great abundance about 4.5 billion years ago but whose number appeared to have quickly decreased shortly thereafter. This observation
49、 rejuvenated Otto Schmidts 1944 theory of accretion. According to this theory, cosmic dust gradually lumped into ever-larger conglomerates: particulates, gravel, small and then larger balls, planetesimals(tiny planets), and, ultimately, planets. As the planetesimals became larger, their numbers decreased. Consequently, the number of collisions between planetesimals decreased. 24 The passage provides evidence that Schmidt would be likely to DISAGREE with the theory pr
