1、GRE（ VERBAL）模拟试卷 8及答案与解析 SECTION 1 Directions: Each sentence below has one or two blanks, each blank indicating that something has been omitted. Beneath the sentence are five lettered or sets of words. Choose the word or set of words for each blank that best fits the meaning of the sentence as a who
2、le. 1 Previous research has established the lupine wolf as the _ of the modern canine, but when and where humans first domesticated the former into the latter remains unclear. （ A） competitor （ B） ally （ C） scion （ D） prey （ E） progenitor 2 An excellent philatelist can detect a forged _ with a singl
3、e glance, for a true specimen bears markings and characteristics, without exception, that the _ invariably lacks. （ A） painting imitation （ B） insect a pproximation （ C） coin original （ D） stamp facsimile （ E） treatise falsehood 3 The result of this biochemical test has caused an uproar, and ever si
4、nce its publication, researchers have been full of responses of _ quality: whereas some deal with the tests implications in a calm manner, others sound alarms. （ A） choleric （ B） admonitory （ C） whimsical （ D） homogenous （ E） variable 4 Thus, global-warming skeptics write off the _ of climate resear
5、ch investigators, emphasizing the _ of others reasoning, but not of their own. （ A） data accessibility （ B） infighting vagueness （ C） resources virtues （ D） experiments pragmatism （ E） consensus uncertainty 5 Except in times of _ , we would scarcely allow public officials to declare states of emerge
6、ncy that replace some normal rules with those more _ to extraordinary circumstances. （ A） debate diffident （ B） serenity indifferent （ C） catastrophe germane （ D） obedience ill -suited （ E） disaster hostile 6 Of the various schemes that have been proposed to model how gene transcription might work i
7、n the living body, those involving actual physical contact between enhancers and genes remain _ , owing to an absence of direct evidence. （ A） surreptitious （ B） decipherable （ C） vindicated （ D） suspicious （ E） speculative 7 Politicians and pollsters alike warn that the outcome of a presidential ra
8、ce remains _ until Election Day itself, and many races depend on factors that run from bad weather _ voter turnout to last-minute scandals. （ A） unknown abetting （ B） unlikely decreasing （ C） fluid affecting （ D） predetermined consolidating （ E） fixed absorbing SECTION 2 Directions: In each of the f
9、ollowing questions, a related pair of words or phrases is followed by five lettered pairs of words or phrases. Select the lettered pair that best expresses a relationship similar to that expressed in the original pair. 8 PSEUDONYM: NAME ： （ A） falsification： prevarication （ B） maneuver： benefit （ C）
10、 disguise： identity （ D） ornamentation： exterior （ E） facsimile： asset 9 FISH: SCALES ： （ A） limb： skin （ B） foot： toe （ C） vertebrate： backbone （ D） insect： exoskeleton （ E） branch： stem 10 ENDORSE: APPROVAL： （ A） insult： suffering （ B） commence :journey （ C） contribute： revenue （ D） transmit： wave
11、 （ E） enchant： magic 11 RECLUSE: PRIVACY ： （ A） puritan： tolerance （ B） stickler： adherence （ C） stoic： solemnity （ D） utopian： conceit （ E） philanthropist： arrogance 12 BIGOT: INTOLERANT ： （ A） braggart： humble （ B） dupe： compliant （ C） liar： dishonest （ D） benefactor： selfish （ E） lumber： inflamma
12、ble 13 CAPITAL: INVEST ： （ A） athlete： compete （ B） salary： tax （ C） stake： gamble （ D） production： invent （ E） role： act 14 DIAPHANOUS: LIGHT ： （ A） visible： sight （ B） unbreakable： glass （ C） porous： liquid （ D） slippery： glue （ E） reflective： hamper 15 PHLEGMATIC: PERTURB ： （ A） ineffable： ignore
13、 （ B） greedy： goad （ C） invincible： subdue （ D） peaceful： mollify （ E） bewildered： illuminate 16 SUPPLICANT: HUMILITY ： （ A） savant： doctrine （ B） criminal： arson （ C） coward： cravenness （ D） schoolmate： sociability （ E） expert： amateurism SECTION 3 Directions: Each passage in this group is followed
14、 by questions based on its content. After reading a passage, choose the best answer to each question. Answer all questions following a passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage. 17 Feminist critics have often pondered whether a postmodern language may be articulated that obvia
15、tes the essentialist arrogance of much modernist and some feminist discourse and does not reduce feminism to silences or a purely negative and reactionary stance. This ideal may be actualized in a discourse that (5) recognizes itself as historically situated, as motivated by values and, thus, politi
16、cal interests, and as a human practice without transcendent justification. The author Dorothy Allison meets these criteria by focusing on women who have been marginalized by totalizing forces and ideas, while simultaneously reminding the reader, through the wide range of women that she portrays and
17、(10) their culpability in her protagonists predicaments, that unlike pure and transcendent heroes, women are real characters and morally complex. Allison insists that humans are burdened with the responsibility of fashioning their own stories, quotidian as they may be, and while these will never off
18、er the solace of transcendent justification, the constant negotiation between the word and the (15) world avoids reticence on the one hand and the purely negative on the other. 17 It can be inferred from the passage that the author views the justification through literature as a concept that （ A） de
19、rives from a negative stance toward feminism （ B） predates the birth of postmodernism as a literary movement （ C） encourages writers to tell humdrum stories （ D） limits the construction of morally complex characters （ E） contributes to the politicization and historical orientation of texts 18 The pa
20、ssage suggests which of the following about Dorothy Allisons work? . Non-feminist writers have been less successful in producing historically situated narratives. . Allisons fiction successfully negotiates between essentialist arrogance and a reactionary response. . Allison is more interested in her
21、 female antagonists than male protagonists, as characters. （ A） only （ B） only （ C） and only （ D） and only （ E） , , and 19 The author mentions womens “culpability in her protagonists predicaments“ most likely in order to illustrate （ A） the extent to which Allisons characters have been marginalized
22、by totalizing forces and ideas （ B） Allisons gift for rendering the moral complexity of women that allows them to commit both good and evil acts （ C） the scope and variety of the female characters found in Allisons body of fiction （ D） the degree to which Allison embraces the notion of feminist lite
23、rature as deriving from a tradition of negativity and reaction （ E） the strength of the political interests Allison expresses through her characters 20 The passage provides information that answers which of the following questions? （ A） In what tradition do feminist critics usually place Dorothy All
24、ison? （ B） What are the main themes found in the fiction of Dorothy Allisons post-modern contemporaries? （ C） What political values does Allison attempt to address through her fiction? （ D） What views does Allison hold concerning the production of narratives of the commonplace in womens literature?
25、（ E） How was the development of Allisons fiction affected by the arrogance of modernist essentialism? 21 Andersons new theory is controversial for asserting that Britain might have retained its North American empire had George IIIs ministers proceeded less precipitously. But as Anderson himself conc
26、edes to previous historians like Henvel and Rhimes, there was no indication whether the persistence of imperial (5) authority would have made much difference for any of the parties involved. At most, these efforts would have endowed the British government with a “hollow“ empire, wherein the exercise
27、 of effective authority would depend on the consent of the colonists and their representatives. While the grip on their colonies was questionable, the British had no option but to curtail their (10) authority, and at no point was the decision to do so more than a temporary expedient. Once the war in
28、 French Canada was resolved, England attempted to terminate the costly practices of Indian gift giving and to levy new taxation. Under such circumstances, moreover, Britain would have been able to offer only limited protections to any of Americas other inhabitants, especially the (15) Indians whose
29、lands in the Ohio Valley were already being encroached upon by a steady influx of European settlers. In a sense, the Seven Years War ended up confirming the “American“ character of Britains North American empire, an entity over which metropolitan authority had never been more than tenuous. Andersons
30、 hypothesis concerning French Canada is corroborated both by (20) the events of the American Revolution, and, less successfully, the contemporaneous case of India, where the British successfully implemented the colonial strategy Anderson recommends. As witnessed in Iroquoia, the Mughal Empires progr
31、essive collapse during the later 1740s and 1750s drew the British, who had been in India as traders since the early seventeenth century, (25) ever more deeply into politics on the subcontinent, first as the auxiliaries of local grandees and eventually as political actors in their own right. When the
32、 East India Company governed in Bengal, it did so by virtue of cleverly acting as the Mughal Emperors diwani (a Muslim office roughly analogous to a European tax farmer). Despite the temptation to act unilaterally, the companys officials (30) were never ignorant of the fact that they owed their auth
33、ority to the cooperation of local elites, who in turn accepted British rule assuming they could employ it to their own advantage. Anderson notes that although there were undoubtedly the vast differences between them, Indias experience of British rule during the eighteenth century (35) points to the
34、same devolution of imperial agency as in America. It is a pattern Jack P. Greene has identified as “negotiated authority“, whereby the unlimited powers claimed by officials at the empires center were subject to constant revision by indigenous brokers on the periphery. Despite the fact that the India
35、n colonial possessions were more enduring as a result, Anderson (40) nevertheless fails to successfully argue that the British could have retained other parts of their empire for a more significant period through any of the means he has suggested. 21 The passage can best be described as a （ A） surve
36、y of the inadequacies of a conventional viewpoint （ B） reconciliation of opposing points of view （ C） summary and evaluation of a recent study （ D） defense of a new thesis from anticipated objections （ E） review of the subtle distinctions between apparently similar views 22 The passage suggests that
37、 the view referred to in lines 8-11 argued that （ A） the colonial authority never sought to employ taxation in French Canada except as a means to retain a tenuous grip over British territory （ B） the Crown acted unwisely by increasing taxation and diminishing its gift-giving policy following the con
38、clusion of the Seven Years War （ C） Indian gift-giving and a reprieve from taxation were the sole means for the British of maintaining a territorial grip in French Canada （ D） the British never intended to limit their authority in French Canada except as a short-term strategy of retaining territoria
39、l control （ E） the colonial subjects in French Canada rejected British authority largely because they rescinded on the liberal policies implemented during the Seven Years War 23 It can be inferred from the passage that Anderson would be most likely to agree with which of the following statements reg
40、arding the persistence of imperial authority in French Canada? （ A） The persistence of imperial authority most likely would have failed to offer as much protection to native Americans as it did to European settlers. （ B） The persistence of imperial authority would have likely resulted in less profit
41、 for England in terms of revenue and territory than the actual withdrawal that occurred. （ C） The persistence of imperial authority would likely have limited in an enduring fashion the sovereignty and self-rule of the European colonists. （ D） George the III ministers were not sufficiently interested
42、 in retaining control over French Canada to effect any changes in their colonial policy. （ E） The “American“ character of Britains North American empire and British metropolitan authority would not have been affected even if British imperial authority had withdrawn more quickly. 24 According to the
43、passage, Andersons theory explains the longevity of British colonial authority in India because the British （ A） offered great flexibility and authority to the local elites with whom they were obliged to negotiate （ B） felt a great temptation to act unilaterally and exercise military authority of th
44、eir Indian possessions （ C） became more deeply enmeshed in the politics of the Indian subcontinent than was strategically appropriate （ D） managed to convince the local elites that submission to the British would be economically advantageous for all parties （ E） resisted successfully the attempts of
45、 local power brokers to revise the terms of their negotiations 25 Which of the following, if true, would most seriously weaken the authors assertion in lines 19-20 that Andersons theory “is corroborated both by the events of the American Revolution“? （ A） The American Revolution was largely motivate
46、d through a conflict of interest between colonists and the indigenous groups protected by the crown. （ B） The consent of the colonists in lower North America could have been obtained more easily than that of British subjects in Canada. （ C） The extent of British colonial authority was of a roughly e
47、qual degree to that of French authority in lower North America. （ D） The British made far fewer impositions on the population of lower North America than those they made in French Canada. （ E） The same devolution of imperial agency that took place in India also took place throughout North America. 2
48、6 According to Andersons view of colonial history, which of the following was true of the Mughal Empires collapse mentioned in lines 22-23? . It paralleled and foreshadowed the subsequent collapse of the British empire several centuries later. . It was a significant factor in increasing the level of
49、 British political involvement in India. . It helped create the post of diwani, equivalent to tax-farmer, on the Indian subcontinent. （ A） only （ B） only （ C） and only （ D） and only （ E） , , and 27 The author suggests that if George III had wanted to retain greater control over territory and politics in French Canada, he would have had to （ A） establish a truce with his colonial competitors, such as F
