1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 113及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 New York was once the murder capital of the world. Thanks to the zero-tolerance policing policy introduce
3、d by Giuliani, the mean streets have turned into clean ones. There are some aspects about the policy: 1) The policing is based on a 1983 paper called “Broken Windows“, which suggested a clamp-down on【 1】 _ as a way of lowering all crime. 【 1】 _ 2) The responsibility for ways of fighting crime devolv
4、ed from a centralised 【 2】 _to precinct commanders, and police used computers to track 【 2】 _ and target crime【 3】 _ more easily. 【 3】 _ This transformation attracted【 4】 _ 【 4】 _ However, some people do not like “zero tolerance“. reasons: 1) It implies a lack of tolerance for any deviation from【 5】
5、 _ 【 5】 _ 2) The【 6】 _ is exactly what zero-tolerance policing encourages. 【 6】 _ 3) The crime rates spiral up and down in unexplained cycles and they are no【 7】 _ to reducing crime. 【 7】 _ 4) The drop in crime had to come with the introduction of almost any new tough police policy, because【 8】 _ wa
6、s so high. 【 8】 _ 5) The zero-tolerance policing is a dangerous fad that risks creating an arrogant police force because it gives police【 9】 _ 【 9】 _ There are also some persons supporting the policy. reasons: But police president O Connor calls zero-tolerance policing a “win-win solution“. Other fa
7、ctors must be considered for long-term solutions. Highlighting New York s success provides【 10】_. to police and the communities themselves that 【 10】 _ crime can be stopped. 1 【 1】 2 【 2】 3 【 3】 4 【 4】 5 【 5】 6 【 6】 7 【 7】 8 【 8】 9 【 9】 10 【 10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you wi
8、ll hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 What subject is Mr. Pitt good
9、 at? （ A） Art. （ B） French. （ C） German. （ D） Chemistry. 12 What does Mr. Pitt NOT do in his spare time? （ A） Doing a bit of acting and photography. （ B） Going to concerts frequently. （ C） Playing traditional jazz and folk music （ D） Traveling in Europe by hitch-hiking. 13 When asked what a manager
10、s role is, Mr. Pitt sounds _. （ A） confident （ B） hesitant （ C） resolute （ D） doubtful 14 What does Mr. Pitt say he would like to be? （ A） An export salesman working overseas. （ B） An accountant working in the company. （ C） A production manager in a branch. （ D） A policy maker in the company. 15 Whi
11、ch of the following statements about the management trainee scheme is TRUE? （ A） Trainees axe required to sign contracts initially. （ B） Trainees performance is evaluated when necessary. （ C） Trainees starting salary is 870 pounds. （ D） Trainees cannot quit the management scheme. SECTION C NEWS BROA
12、DCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 These militants _. （ A） suffered severe casualties （ B） were on the recently issued
13、 list of terrorists （ C） fought with Saudi police forces （ D） were thought to be hiding in al-Rawdah district 17 Which statement is not true? （ A） The girl was living with her mother. （ B） The landlady witnessed the crime. （ C） The girl and the suspect probably were dating. （ D） The girl was found d
14、ead on the floor. 18 We can learn from the news that _. （ A） police provided detail in formations about the girl （ B） Tobago has a population of 1.2 million （ C） homicide increased in Tobago （ D） Tobago is generally a peaceful island 19 Rabbi Michael Strassfeld says that one should be grateful _. （
15、A） when everything goes smoothly （ B） when the sun stands still （ C） for people s appreciation （ D） for everyday aspects of life 20 When a traditional Jew blesses God as“ the true Judge“ at hearing someone s death, he _. （ A） is acknowledging that death is part of life （ B） is happy that his enemy f
16、inally died （ C） thinks that death is a blessing （ D） God is good to that person 20 I was born in Feb. 12,1809, in Hardin County, Kentucky. My parents were both born in Virginia, of undistinguished families-second families, perhaps I should say. My mother, who died in my tenth year, was of a family
17、of the name of Hanks, some of whom now reside in Adams, and others in Macon countries, Illinois. My paternal grandfather, Abraham Lincoln, emigrated from Rockingham County, Virginia, to Kentucky, about 1781 or 1782,where, a year or two later, he was killed by Indians, not in battle, but by stealth,
18、when he was laboring to open a farm in the forest, tits ancestors, who were Quakers, went to Virginia from Berks County, Pennsylvania. An effort to identify them with the New - England family of the same name ended in nothing more definite, than a similarity of christian names in both families, such
19、 as Enoch, Levi, Mordecei , Solomon, Abraham, and the like. My father, at the death of his father, was but six years of age; and he grew up, literally without education. He removed from Kentucky to what is now Spencer County, Indiana, in my eighth year. We reached our new home about the time the Sta
20、te came in the Union. It was a wild region, with many bears and other wild animals still in the woods. There I grew up. There were some schools, so-called; but no qualification was ever required of a teacher, beyond “reading, writing, and cipherin “ to the Rule of Three. If a struggler sup posed to
21、understand Latin, happened to sojourn in the neighborhood, he was looked upon-as a wizzard. There was absolutely nothing to excite ambition for education. Of course when I came of age I did not know much. Still somehow, I could read, write, and cipher to the Rule of Three; but that was all. I have n
22、ot been to school since. The little advance I now have upon this store of education, I have picked up from time to time under the pressure of necessity. I was raised to farm work, which I continued till I was twenty-two. At twenty-one I came to Illinois, and passed the first year in Illinois-Macon C
23、ounty. Then I got to New-Salem, (at that time in Sangamon, now in Menard County), where I remained a year as a sort of clerk in a store. Then came the Black-Hawk war; and I was elected a Captain of volunteers-a success which gave me more pleasure than any I have had since. I went the campaign, was e
24、lated, ran for the Legislature the same year (1832) and was beaten-the only time I have been beaten by the people. The next, and three succeeding biennial elections, I was elected to the Legislature. I was not a candidate afterwards. During this legislative period I had studied law, and re moved to
25、Springfield to practice it. In 1846, I was once elected to the lower House of Congress. Was not a candidate for reelection? From 1849 to 1854, both inclusive, practiced law more assiduously than ever be fore. Always a whig in politics, and generally on the whig electoral tickets, making active canva
26、sses. I was losing interest in politics, when the repeal of the Missouri Compromise aroused me again. What I bays done since then is pretty well-known. If any personal description of us is thought desirable, it may be said, I am, in height, six feet, four inches, nearly; lean in flesh, weighing on a
27、n average, one hundred and eighty pounds; dark complexion, with coarse black hair, and grey hair, grey eyesno other masks or brands recollected. 21 The author is _. （ A） a friend of Abraham Lincolns （ B） a writer who gives an account of Abraham Lincolns biography （ C） Abraham Lincoln himself （ D） Ab
28、raham Lincolns autobiography 22 Which of the following statements is TRUE? （ A） The authors mother died when he was only ten years old （ B） The authors father died when he was six years old （ C） The author and his family moved to Indiana in his eighth year. （ D） His grandfather was killed by Indians
29、 in a battle. 23 What was required of a teacher in the authors hometown? （ A） No qualification. （ B） Latin - understanding. （ C） Experiences of traveling round the world （ D） The basical ability to know how to read, write and compute arithmetically. 24 Which events provided much encouragement for Ab
30、raham Lincoln in his political career? （ A） The Black - Hawk war and Law - practicing. （ B） The Black - Hawk war and the Missouri Compromise. （ C） Farm work and Law - practicing. （ D） Law -practicing and the Missouri Compromise. 25 Tile general tone of this passage can be described as _. （ A） haught
31、y and sarcastic （ B） condescending and humble （ C） domineering and aggressive （ D） honest and confident 25 Once found almost entirely in the western United States and in Asia, dinosaur fossils are now being discovered on all seven continents. A host of new revelations emerged in 1998 that promixse t
32、o reshape scientistsviews of dinosaurs, including what they looked like and when and where they lived. It is doubtful that Tyrannosaurus Re had lips or that Triceratops had cheeks, says Lawrence Witmer, an assistant professor of anatomy at Ohio University in Athens, Ohio. Witmer was a leading resear
33、cher for a study on dinosaur anatomy that was presented at the annual meeting of the Society for Vertebrate Paleontology, which concluded on October 3 in Snowbird, Utah. Witmers study reached its conclusions by using high - tech computerized aial tomography (CT or CAT) scans along with comparative a
34、natomy studies. For eample, the theory that Triceratops and similar dinosaur species had cheeks was based on past comparisons with mammals such as sheep. But Witmers careful analysis found the structure of the triceratops jaw and skull made it more likely that Triceratops had a beak like that of an
35、eagle. Witmer said that scientists should use birds and crocodiles as models when researching the appearance of dinosaurs. In early October scientists announced that they had confirmed the discovery of a new type of ceratopsian dinosaur. The dinosaurs bones, found in New Meixco in 1996, are forcing
36、paleontologists to rethink their theories about when ceratopsians migrated to what is now North America. Scientists previously thought that ceratopsians, the group that included the well - known Triceratops, arrived in North America from Asia between 70 million and 80 million years ago. During this
37、time, the late Cretaceous Period, the earths two supercontinents -Laarasia in the north and Gondwanaland in the south were in the process of pulling apart, cutting dinosaur populations off from each other and interrupting migratory patterns. The fossilized bones, found by eight - year - old Christop
38、her Wolfe and his father, paleontologist Doug Wolfe of the Mesa Southwest Museum in Arizona, date to about 90 million years ago. This could mean that ceratopsians originated in North America and migrated to Asia rather than the reverse, paleontologists said. Doug Wolfe named the important new specie
39、s of dinosaur Zuniceratops christopheri after his son. An expedition from the Universities of Alaska in Anchorage and Fairbanks has discovered a region in remote northern Alaska so rich in fossilized dinosaur tracks that team members dubbed it the “ dino expressway “. The trampled area was found dur
40、ing the summer of 1998 on Alaskas North Slope near the Brooks Range. The team found 13 new track sites and made casts from the prints of five different types of dinosaurs. The rock in which the prints were found dates to more than 100 million years ago, or about 25 million years older than the previ
41、ously discovered signs of dinosaurs in the Arctic region. Paleontologists said that the new findings provide important evidence that dinosaurs migrated between Asia and North America during the early and mid -Cretaceous Period, before Asia split off into its own continent. Two rich fossil sites in t
42、he hills of Bolivia have been recently discovered, exciting paleontologists and dinosaur buffs. This discovery includes one of the most spectacular dinosaur trackways ever found. The discovery of a large site in the mountain region of Kila Kila in southern Bolivia was announced in early October. Her
43、e scientists found the tracks of at least two unknown species of dinosaur. These included a large quadruped (four-footed) dinosaur that was probably about 20 m (about 70 ft) long. The other site, located not far from the Bolivian city of Sucre, was uncovered in a cement quarry by workers several yea
44、rs ago but was not brought to paleontologistsattention until the middle of 1998. The site features a vertical wall covered with thousands of dinosaur prints representing more than 100 different species. The tracks date back to between 65 million and 70 million years ago. Since dinosaurs arc believed
45、 to have died out around 65 million years ago, the prints were likely made by some of the last dinosaurs on earth. Scientists speculated that the tracks were made at the edge of a lake or swamp and were then hardened and preserved. The rock containing the tracks was then pushed into a vertical posit
46、ion over millions of years of geologic activity. Dinosaur eggs have also been found at the site, which paleontologists are working to preserve before it falls victim to erosion. Paleontologists hope to study the site and learn about the diet and physical characteristics of the dinosaurs that are rep
47、resented there. 26 Witmers research leads people to believe _. （ A） Tyrannosaurus Re had lips and Triceratops had cheeks. （ B） dinosaurs might have looked like mammals such as sheep. （ C） dinosaurs might not bare looked like what we thought. （ D） dinosaurs must have looked like birds or crocodiles.
48、27 The discovery of a new type of ceratopsian dinosaur suggests ceratopsians _. （ A） migrated to North America around 70 - 80 million years ago. （ B） arrived in Asia from North America about 90 million years ago. （ C） originated in Asia and later migrated to North America （ D） could have moved to As
49、ia from North America long ago. 28 ewly-found fossilized tracks in Alaska proved that dinosaursmigration between Asia and North America took place _. （ A） much earlier than experts previously thought. （ B） much later than experts previously thought. （ C） after Asia became an independent continent. （ D） somet
