1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 194及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 The Future of PC Market The first Developers Conference in China marks a major milestone for Microsoft, b
3、ecause the success of Windows is based on our【 1】 _with software developers. The 【 1】 _ 【 2】 _they develop make possible the employment of PC 【 2】 _ as people% tool. The price of PC equipment is decreasing, while its 【 3】 _are improving. Now more than 80 million PCs are 【 3】 _ sold a year. The【 4】 _
4、market is the fastest growing part【 4】 _ of the business. Microsoft thinks that the future development of PC industry will be focused on 3 areas. First, the【 5】 _Nervous 【 5】 _ System. It will become the central element of information sharing inside the company. It will allow people to make the best
5、 use of their PCs. Second, the writing of the programs will become【 6】 _, so people will be able to do it without 【 6】 _ having to learn a lot about the management of PC resources. Third, computer【 7】 _. The hardware for this is the 【 7】 _ 【 8】 _. Now it is very expensive, but Im sure it will be【 8】
6、 _ a standard built-in PC feature. The final aim for all future developments is for people to 【 9】 _naturally with the PC. That is to say, to make the 【 9】 _ PC work in the same way that【 10】 _systems work. 【 10】 _ 1 【 1】 2 【 2】 3 【 3】 4 【 4】 5 【 5】 6 【 6】 7 【 7】 8 【 8】 9 【 9】 10 【 10】 SECTION B INT
7、ERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the in
8、terview. 11 Why does Chris enjoy driving a taxi? （ A） Because he can do something which helps people. （ B） Because he is able to decide exactly what he does. （ C） Because he can travel to different parts of the city. （ D） Because he can earn a lot of money. 12 What does he need to do as a taxi drive
9、r? （ A） To give travel information to passengers. （ B） To know his way around the city very well. （ C） To spend a lot of time waiting at stations. （ D） To predict where he will find work. 13 What does he find about most of his passengers? （ A） They are happy to chat to him. （ B） They only give one-w
10、ord answers. （ C） They have interesting stories to tell. （ D） They dislike taxi drivers. 14 According to Chris, when do some people get annoyed? （ A） They have a long wait for the taxi. （ B） The taxi fare is high. （ C） The driver talks too much. （ D） The journey takes longer than usual. 15 Why does
11、he feel he is well-suited to his job? （ A） Because he grew up wanting to be a taxi driver. （ B） Because he likes being friendly for short periods. （ C） Because he was once a shop assistant. （ D） Because he enjoys driving long distances. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will h
12、ear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 The news from the Indian Kashmir tells us that_. （ A） the barriers have been removed （ B） the government army have besieged the
13、 area （ C） a general strike has been over （ D） there will be another Strike 17 A fire broke out at the psychiatric hospital_. （ A） the day before yesterday （ B） at two oclock yesterday morning （ C） around 2: 00 p.m. yesterday （ D） at twenty past five yesterday morning 18 _ worked together and put ou
14、t the fire. （ A） Firemen, policemen and reporters （ B） Doctors, nurses and patients （ C） Firemen, policemen and doctors （ D） Volunteers, policemen and firefighters 19 Yesterdays strike led to complete confusion for_. （ A） tourists （ B） commuters （ C） employers （ D） bus drivers 20 Railway workers joi
15、ned in the strike because they_. （ A） attempted to halt the whole network for train travel （ B） wanted to support workers from other unions （ C） were dissatisfied with proposed rise in unemployment （ D） were unhappy with their working conditions 20 Over sixty years ago, Dr. Hans Selye recognized the
16、 mind-body connection involved with stress, as all of his patients had similar physiological and psychological characteristics. Studies done with laboratory rats found that these same physical responses existed with animals when they were put under stress. He came to the conclusion that stress is “t
17、he non-specific response of the body to any demand placed upon it“. He concluded that each demand made on the body is unique in that there is a definite response: when we are cold, we shiver; when we are hot we perspire; a great muscular effort increases the demands upon the heart and vascular syste
18、m. Selye claimed that it was not stress that harmed us, but distress, and distress occurred when we prolonged emotional stress and didnt deal with it in a positive manner. Selye was the pioneer in research into stress in the 1930s, and is internationally acknowledged as “the father of the stress fie
19、ld. After publishing the first scientific paper to identify and define “stress“ in 1936, Selye wrote more than 1700 scholarly papers and 39 books on the subject. At the time of his death 1982, his work had been cited in more than 362,000 scientific papers, in countless popular magazine stories, and
20、in most major languages. Selye held three earned doctorates ( M. D. , Ph. D. , D. Sc. ) plus 43 honorary doctorates, tie was an elected member of several dozen of the worlds most recognized medical and scientific associations. After completion of his academic and professional studies in Prague, Pari
21、s, and Rome, Selye received a Rockefeller Research Fellowship and accepted a position at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland. By 1945 he had become the first Director of tile Institute of Experimental Medicine and Surgery at the University of Montreal, Canada. He served in that position
22、until his retirement in 1976. Subsequently he established the International Institute of Stress. He recognized that strain, or stress, plays a very significant nile in the development of all types of disease. Selye called the process whereby strain influences the body, the General Adaptation Syndrom
23、e. He concluded that there are three distinctive phases in this process: alarm, resistance, and exhaustion. He wrote of two types of stress: pleasant stress contributing to human well-being, and unpleasant stress contributing to disease. He is still by far the worlds most frequently cited author on
24、stress topics. 21 What does the passage mainly discuss? （ A） Selyes professional life and achievements. （ B） The origins of the word “stress“. （ C） Defining stress. （ D） The father of the stress field. 22 According to the passage, if stress is not dealt with in a positive manner it will become_.harm
25、ful and change to （ A） emotional stress （ B） distress （ C） physical symptoms （ D） breakdown 23 Selye moved to America after completing studies in Europe in order to_. （ A） earn a doctorate （ B） accept a fellowship （ C） work in Canada （ D） retire 24 The author implies that Selyes work on identifying
26、and defining stress _. （ A） has not since been significantly improved upon （ B） is now outdated （ C） has led to a new approach to psychological treatment （ D） has been modified to take account of the changes in society over the past few decades 24 The Wright brothers, Wilbur and Orville, began publi
27、shing the West Side News from 1889, a small four-page newspaper. Their printing venture lasted until 1896. Their father, Milton, was a Bishop in the church and his wife, Susan, was a well-educated woman. It was she who stimulated the Wright Brothers interest in mechanical things. In 1990, the brothe
28、rs successfully tested their 50-pound biplane glider in Carolina, and subsequently made a number of revisions. Controlled, powered flight had seemed impossible until Orville Wright took off on the 17th, December 1903. The key to the Wright Brothers success was that their engineering had gone beyond
29、the trial and error methods of their contemporaries. Having only very limited resources they showed great scientific ingenuity. When their test flights did not produce as much lift as they had expected, they went back to first principles and carried out a series of scientific experiments, starting w
30、ith the bicycle balance and moving on to their famous wind tunnel experiments. They were the first to understand how the lift from the aerofoil changes in flight, and the first to design their propellers as a form of aerofoil. Despite the financial burdens of all their research, testing, and the man
31、y aircraft built, the Wright Brothers were never financed by outsiders. The bicycle was a hot item at that time, and their bicycle shop financed everything. The first passenger to ever fly in an airplane was Charles W. Furnas who was taken aloft by Wilbur Wright on May 14, 1908 for a flight of 28.6
32、seconds duration. Orville and Wilbur flew together only once in their airplane for their father to see, but decided it unwise, because if they crashed, no one could carry on their work. The Wright Brothers inherited an aptitude for independent judgment, personal courage and mechanical talents of sup
33、erior caliber. Two older brothers, Reuchlin and Lorin and a sister Katharine, went on to college, while Orville and Wilbur had only high school educations, and never officially graduated. However, their solid scientific methods had set free the ancient dream of human flight. The first American to fl
34、y after the Wright Brothers was Glenn H. Curtiss, who flew his “June Bug“ for the first time on June 20, 1908. The first airplane purchased by the American Government was a Wright Biplane. 25 What is the passage mainly about? （ A） The first controlled, powered flight. （ B） The beginnings of aviation
35、. （ C） The Wright Brothers. （ D） The Wright family. 26 Why are the two brothers and the sister of Wilbur and Orville mentioned in paragraph 5? （ A） Because they all had more education. （ B） To illustrate that the abilities and personal qualities of Wilbur and Orville had enable them to achieve their
36、 goals without college education. （ C） To illustrate why it was not necessary for them to go to college. （ D） To contrast the achievements of different family members. 27 Which of the following statements is supported by the passage? （ A） Talent and perseverance are important ingredients for success
37、. （ B） Success is always possible if you keep trying. （ C） Ability is more important than education. （ D） The scientific approach is the most reliable. 27 It is hard to love ants. Spiders and scorpions excepted, they are probably our least favorite insect. They give no honey; they do not brighten th
38、e air or chirp in hedgerows. Ants are small and dark and silent and live underground where they cannot be seen. They arc venomous and they bite. They teem and swarm, moving en masse, like robots, in cryptic legions. And they are ugly; their huge heads and tiny waists make their bodies seem like grot
39、esque, anorexic versions of our own. The industry of ants is a constant reproach to us; their most surprising feature, their social organization, seems sinister and totalitarian. Only our luck in being several thousand times as big keeps us safe from them. And ants, needless to say, do not love us.
40、They hardly even notice us. This is hard to take. They challenge our anthropocentrism. For them, it seems we are not very important. And that is the truth of the matter. Ants arc the most successful organisms in evolutionary history: there are over 8,000 species, distributed everywhere on Earth exce
41、pt the polar regions. In Peru, 43 different kinds of ant have been recorded in a single tree. Compared with this, primates are just a flash in the pan. Ants antedate us and will undoubtedly outlast us. There are a million times more of them:10 million billion, it has been estimated, alive at any one
42、 timea quarter of a million for every acre of land on the Earths surface. The greatest number of ant species, and the most spectacular, are to be found in tropical rainforests and savannahs. It is a common but disconcerting experience in such places to witness an invasion of driver ants, a predatory
43、 tribe that hunts at night as well as in the day. Driver ants move in columns a foot or so in width and a hundred yards in length, each composed of millions of individual ants. Waking up in the darkness with a marauding column in your tent, it seems as though a thick black oiled rope is running over
44、 your bed, over you, across the wall and out again: an endless skein of insects, running along each others backs, antennae and mandibles threateningly erect. A column of driver ants will attack lizards, snakes, rodents, anything in its path. If you happen to be dead, the ants will eat you, too; if y
45、ou are not, they will just bite you. With their preposterously over-developed jaws, individuals of the soldier castes that form the flank of the column can scissor human flesh with ease. These are the rottweilers of the myrmecological world. Ants can eat us, but we cannot eat them with any pleasure.
46、 Unlike termites (which have a rich oily taste something like pork scratchings), ants, with a tough outer layer of chitin and a nasty whiff of formic acid in their body tissues, are generally indigestible, except by other ants. Even anteaters prefer termites. Ants, furthermore, are resistant to hard
47、 radiation and, in the case of some species, industrial pollution; some can live in deserts; some can float; some can slow their metabolism down and survive under water for days on end. 28 The author feels that the fact that ants are always working _. （ A） makes humans feel lucky （ B） makes humans f
48、eel guilty （ C） makes them appear sinister （ D） makes them hard to love 29 Apart from their great numbers, why does the writer call ants “the most successful organisms“? （ A） They do not need to take account of human beings. （ B） They challenge mankinds view that humans are the most important life f
49、orm. （ C） There are thousands of them in every land on Earth. （ D） They existed before humans and will exist after we have gone. 30 How does the writer describe the feelings of someone who observes the approach of driver ants? （ A） Frightened. （ B） Distressed. （ C） Insecure. （ D） Uneasy. 31 What creatures are best equipped to digest ants? （ A） Certain humans. （ B） Anteaters. （ C） Other ants. （ D） Termi
