1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 213及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 Esperanto Esperanto was invented a【 1】 philologist, Dr. Ludwig Lazarus Zamenhof. Esperanto means “【 2】 “.
3、 The vocabulary comes mainly from Western European languages, and the grammar is similar to Slavic languages. It sounds like【 3】 . It is spoken all over the world by approximately【 4】 people. As to the learners, it has the advantage that there are no【 5】 to rules. The main advantage, is that Esperan
4、to is a【 6】 language. It doesnt have the national, political and cultural【 7】 that all others of course have. Why not English as the world language? English is easy in the beginning, but then the bridge between basic knowledge and【 8】 takes a long time to cross, and many people give up. On the contr
5、ary, Esperanto is a very easy language to learn. There are five【 9】sounds in Esperanto. The most remarkable thing is that after a very short time learners find that they can express quite【 10】 deas just as in their own language. 1 【 1】 2 【 2】 3 【 3】 4 【 4】 5 【 5】 6 【 6】 7 【 7】 8 【 8】 9 【 9】 10 【 10】
6、 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now li
7、sten to the interview. 11 Which of the following statements is NOT true about Armstrongs STAR? （ A） A stands for actions, （ B） T stands for titles. （ C） S stands for situations. （ D） R stands for results. 12 Armstrong suggests all the following preparations EXCEPT _. （ A） looking at the mirror. （ B）
8、 practicing simulated interviews. （ C） practicing answering questions. （ D） finding some of your strong points. 13 What shall an interviewee do after the interview according to Armstrong? （ A） Wait for the recruiters notice. （ B） Revisit the recruiter for the result. （ C） Send a letter of thanks. （
9、D） Give the interviewer a call to confirm their resolution. 14 Interviewers nowadays are asking questions that are going to _. （ A） get at more specific things. （ B） get at more general things. （ C） get at more personal things. （ D） get at more public things. 15 When asking you to give a specific ex
10、ample of a time when a co-worker criticized your work, the interviewers _. （ A） want to know about your temper. （ B） focus on your assertiveness. （ C） care about your teamwork skills. （ D） doubt about your honesty. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ON
11、LY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 Which of the following statements about the man is TRUE? （ A） He has been put into prison twice. （ B） He is waiting for the trial. （ C） He is “Ivan t
12、he Terrible“. （ D） He whipped Jews in a Nazi camp. 17 Based on the study, if a smoker wants to quit smoking, hed better _. （ A） reduce his cigarette smoking gradually. （ B） seek nicotine replacement therapy. （ C） do exercises and take nicotine gum. （ D） take tests measuring respiratory health. 18 Th
13、e guaranteed interest rate on some U.S. savings bonds was _. （ A） 6%. （ B） 6.5%. （ C） 5%. （ D） 7.5%. 19 People are rushing to buy savings bonds because _. （ A） the bonds are very popular with ordinary people. （ B） they are encouraged to finance the public debt. （ C） other market interest rates have
14、been falling. （ D） the rate cut is to be put into effect. 20 Which of the following is NOT true of the protesters? （ A） They fired bullets. （ B） They damaged cars. （ C） They set fire. （ D） They attacked restaurants. 20 “Leave him alone!“ I yelled as I walked out of the orphanage gate and saw several
15、 of the Spring Park School bullies pushing the deaf kid around. I did not know the boy at all but I knew that We were about the same age, because of his size. He lived in the old white house across the street from the orphanage where I lived. I had seen him on his front porch several times doing abs
16、olutely nothing, except just sitting there making funny like hand movements. In the summer time we didnt get much to eat for Sunday supper, except watermelon and then we had to eat it outside behind the dining room so we would not make a mess on the tames inside. About the only time that I would see
17、 him was through the high chain-link fence that surrounded the orphanage when we ate our watermelon outside. The deaf kid started making all kinds of hand signals, real fast like. “You are a stupid idiot!“ said the bigger of the two bullies as he pushed the boy down on the ground. The other bully ra
18、n around behind the boy and kicked him as hard as he could in the back. The deaf boys body started shaking all over and he curled up in a ball trying to shield and hide his face. He looked like he was trying to cry, or something but he just couldnt make any sounds. I ran as fast as I could back thro
19、ugh the orphanage gate and into the thick azalea hushes. I uncovered my homemade bow which I had constructed out of bamboo and string. I grabbed four arrows that were also made of bamboo and they had Coca Cola tops bent around the ends to make real sharp tips. Then I ran back out of the gate with an
20、 arrow cocked in the bow mad I just stood there quiet like, breathing real hard just daring either one of them to kick or touch the boy again. “Youre a dumb freak just like him, you big eared creep!“ said one of the boys as he grabbed his friend and backed off far enough so that the arrow would not
21、hit them. “If youre so brave kick him again now,“ I said, shaking like a leaf. The bigger of the two bullies ran up and kicked the deaf boy in the middle of his back as hard as he could and then he ran out of arrow range again. The boy jerked about and then made a sound that I will never forget for
22、as long as I live. It was the sound, like a whale makes when it has been harpooned and knows that it is about to die. I fired all four of my arrows at the two bullies as they ran away laughing about what they had done. I pulled the boy up off the ground and helped him back to his house which was abo
23、ut two blocks down the street from the school building. The boy made one of those hand signs at me as I was about to leave. I asked his sister “If your brother is so smart then why is he doing things tike that with his hands?“ She told me that he was saying that he loved me with his hands. Almost ev
24、ery Sunday for the next year or two I could see the boy through the chain-link fence as we ate watermelon outside behind the dining room, during the summer time. He always made that same funny hand sign at me and I would just wave back at him, not knowing what else to do. On my very last day in the
25、orphanage I was being chased by the police. They told me that I was being sent off to the Florida School for Boys Reform School at Marianna so I ran to get away from them. They chased me around the dining room building several times and finally I made a dash for the chain-link fence and tried to cli
26、mb over in order to escape. I saw the deaf boy sitting there on his porch just looking at me as they pulled me down from the fence and handcuffed me. The boy, now about twelve jumped up and ran across San Diego Road, placed his fingers through the chain-link fence and just stood there looking at us.
27、 They dragged me by my legs, screaming and yelling for more than several hundred yards through the dirt and pine-straw to the waiting police car. All I could hear the entire time was the high pitched sound, of that whale being harpooned again. 21 It can be inferred that the deaf boys life in the orp
28、hanage was _. （ A） simple and tranquil. （ B） monotonous and hard. （ C） quiet and enigmatic. （ D） boisterous and hard. 22 It can be inferred from the passage that the author was all EXCEPT _. （ A） compassionate. （ B） dauntless. （ C） docile. （ D） dexterous. 23 The author was _ when he tried to protect
29、 the deaf kid against the two bullies. （ A） about ten years old （ B） not quite about ten （ C） in his late teens （ D） in his twenties 24 The best title for the passage is probably _. （ A） The Wretched Life. （ B） The Orphanage Bullies. （ C） The Deaf Kid. （ D） The Whale Sound. 24 In business, if not po
30、litics, the world has quietened down a bit: the number of spectacular bankruptcies, indictments, scandals, and implosions is not as high as it was. Although executives still have to face a global slowdown, the uncertain effects of the war in the Middle East, and the still fresh confusion over bird f
31、lu, they might now be excused a deep breath and a look at aspects of their businesses that may have been neglected in the scramble to stay on top of new accounting laws and restated earnings. One area to start catching up on is knowledge. This is true both personally, as executives work out whether
32、or not they are staying on top of internal or external developments, but also at die level of companies. A survey of knowledge management, Knowledge Unplugged, published in 2005 by McKinsey, found that the best-performing companies were far more likely than the worst-performing ones to use creative
33、techniques for acquiring, processing and distributing knowledge-everything from emphasizing team work in product development to holding “idea contests“ and trying to avoid boring daily routines. But creating an atmosphere in which knowledge can be shared can be almost as challenging as obtaining it
34、in the first place. This is the potential prisoners dilemma of knowledge: the more valued it becomes, the less incentive employees have to share it with one another, at; the risk of losing the competitive advantage of what they know-or, worse, seeing another profit at their expense. This proves to b
35、e even truer at the company level. While firms might turn to external partners to enhance their knowledge base, the sharing will be incomplete without mutual trust. Since “knowledge“ is such a vague term, it helps to have specific goals in mind when looking to gain more of it. Are you looking for in
36、formation about your company, or industry in particular?, Despite the general slowdown in executive education, there are still a number of courses devoted specifically to helping managers in given industries-technology, for example, or health care. Are you more concerned with acquiring more knowledg
37、e, or putting it to better use? Do you need to move quickly, or is this a subject that needs to be explored in greater depth? And bear in mind that styles of learning vary. Some people will profit most from informal networking; some enjoy learning in a classroom; others will be able to take advantag
38、e of the company intranet. Be flexible in the pursuit of knowledge; it is better to set performance targets, concentrate on meeting them, and allow individuals and their teams to explore their own solutions Sometimes the best way to generate knowledge is simply a bit of brainstorming. The edition of
39、 Executive Education Outlook looks at the options available to executives in gaining knowledge, and enhancing what they already have. It includes a look at the state of distance learning-neither the revolution the hype claimed it would be in the late 1990s, nor completely dismissible-as a possible c
40、onduit of knowledge, the best place to go for new programmes in knowledge management, and a consideration of the demand for the best sources of knowledge: business school academics. Coming in June, Global Executive will also feature a series of Executive Dialogue interviews with prominent CIOs, furt
41、her exploring the themes of information and knowledge gathering. Concentrating on knowledge now may be the best way to be prepared for the next challenges facing the business world. 25 It can be inferred from the first paragraph that _. （ A） some corporations are doomed to go bankrupt. （ B） executiv
42、es have been trying to acquire knowledge. （ C） there are still some political disputes in the world. （ D） the economy is undergoing a revival. 26 Which of the following statements is NOT true of knowledge? （ A） Both individuals and companies need to acquire it. （ B） It is a key factor to the perform
43、ance of a company. （ C） Executives in business overlooked knowledge. （ D） It is more difficult to obtain knowledge than share it. 27 Employees are unwilling to share knowledge with others because _. （ A） they are afraid to be blamed by their boss. （ B） they, are afraid to be outdone by their colleag
44、ues. （ C） they consider it a waste of time to do it. （ D） they want to spend time, acquiring more knowledge. 28 According to the passage, distance learning is considered to _. （ A） completely change the way people acquire knowledge. （ B） be of little value for peoples acquisition of knowledge. （ C）
45、be useful in some aspects for the acquisition of knowledge. （ D） have great potential in guiding people to acquire knowledge. 29 We can conclude that the passage is possibly _. （ A） the preface of a book. （ B） the interview of some publications. （ C） an academic paper. （ D） a magazine article. 29 It
46、 is hard to conceive of a language without nouns or verbs. But that is just what Riau Indonesian is, according to David Gil, a researcher at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary .Anthropology, in Leipzig. Dr. Gil has been studying Riau for the past 12 years. Initially, he says, he struggled wit
47、h the language, despite being fluent in standard Indonesian. However, a breakthrough came when he realized that what he had been thinking of as different parts of speech were, in fact, grammatically the same. For example, the phrase “the chicken is eating“ translates into colloquial Riau as “ayam ma
48、kan“. Literally, this is “chicken eat“. But the same pair of words also have meanings as diverse as “the chicken is making somebody eat“, or “somebody is eating where the chicken is“. There are, he says, no modifiers that distinguish the tenses of verbs. Nor are there modifiers for nouns that distin
49、guish the definite from the indefinite. Indeed, there are no features in Riau Indonesian that distinguish nouns from verbs. These categories, he says, are imposed because the languages that western linguists are familiar with have them. This sort of observation flies in the face of conventional wisdom about what language is. Most linguists are influenced by the work of Noam Chomsky-in particular, his theory of “deep grammar“. According to Dr. Chomsky, people are born with a sort of
