1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 223及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 Attending a College or University in the USA Each year, many foreign students wish to go to the colleges
3、and universities in the USA to pursue their study. In order to realize their dreams, they should make careful preparations and know more about colleges and universities there. . The 1st Step-Visit an American Educational Advising Center 1. more than 400 offices all over the world 2. log on to the In
4、ternet and find the【 1】 【 1】 _. 3. go to the State Department Education Foreign Student Web page 4. get some information from the US embassy . Colleges and Universities in the United States-Offer Different Kinds of【 2】 【 2】_. 1. some schools certificate programs - one year of training in subjects li
5、ke office work.【 3】 or car repair 【 3】 _. 2. junior college or community college-an associate degree - two-year programs such as the one that prepares students for skilled jobs in【 4】 【 4】 _. 3. colleges or universities-a bachelors degree - four year study in general subjects like English, history,
6、mathematics, and science as well as【 5】 during the last two years 【 5】 _. 4. graduate schools-a masters degree - two or three years of study in one subject - for those who want to be【 6】 , medical doctor or lawyer, they 【 6】 _. should have three and six years of additional study . The Difference Bet
7、ween Colleges and Universities 1. college students - four years - a bachelors degree when completing study successfully - no【 7】 【 7】 _. - no support for research projects - study on【 8】 (train a persons mind) 【 8】 _. - one area of study 2. university students - four years; additional years - a bach
8、elors degree; a graduate degree - several programs in many areas of study - do research . A Way to Get a Degree-Stay at Home and Use a Computer 1. online classes - two advantages: dont have to travel; have【 9】 【 9】 _. 2. colleges that offer academic degrees online - Jones International University: o
9、ffers both bachelors degrees and【 10】【 10】_. - The University of Phoenix - Cardean University: offers a masters of Business Administration degree 1 【 1】 2 【 2】 3 【 3】 4 【 4】 5 【 5】 6 【 6】 7 【 7】 8 【 8】 9 【 9】 10 【 10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY
10、. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 After listening to the interview, what do you think the i
11、nterviewee does? （ A） Psychoanalyst. （ B） Estate agent. （ C） Farmer. （ D） Gardener. 12 Why does the interviewee like his job? （ A） The job is admirable. （ B） The job is challenging. （ C） He is very well-paid. （ D） He can meet all kinds of people. 13 According to the Indian gentleman, what does “the
12、size of family“ mean? （ A） The number of family members. （ B） The size of their future house. （ C） The total height of all the family members. （ D） The amount of furniture needed for the family. 14 Why did nothing grow in the big garden? （ A） The soil was spoiled. （ B） The soil was sandy. （ C） It wa
13、s saline-alkali land. （ D） The soil was not fertilized. 15 Which of the following is TRUE according to the interview? （ A） The purchaser of the house with a bare garden was cheated by the agent. （ B） The previous owner was hostile to the future owner of the house. （ C） What happened to the gardener
14、served him right. （ D） Buying a good house sometimes depends on how lucky the buyer is. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to a
15、nswer the questions. 16 How have three members of Action Direct Group been acquitted? （ A） After they had been on hunger strike. （ B） After they lodged strong protest. （ C） After the court failed to get enough evidence. （ D） After the victim testified they were innocent. 17 Why were the three on hun
16、ger strike? （ A） They were beaten up by the police guard. （ B） They were not given enough food to eat. （ C） They were put in solitary confinement. （ D） They were charged without any evidence. 18 How long did the trail last? （ A） Two days. （ B） The whole month of December. （ C） Ten days. （ D） Only th
17、e first week of December. 19 How much money was being transferred from Federal Reserve Board in New York to the Central Bank of Argentina? （ A） More than 8,000,000 dollars. （ B） More than 15,000,000 dollars. （ C） More than 50,000,000 dollars. （ D） More than 25,000,000 dollars. 20 How was the stolen
18、money discovered?. （ A） During handling of baggage at the airport. （ B） During a drug investigation at the airport. （ C） During investigation of the accident. （ D） During handling of documents. 20 An airliner travelling from London to New York may take from five to fifteen hours to cross the Atlanti
19、c, while a space capsule makes one complete circuit of the earth in about ninety minutes. The sequence of events is very similar in both types of flight: the vehicle must take off, climb to a suitable height, fly in the right direction at a relatively constant speed for an appropriate time, descend,
20、 and land at the destination. Yet although flights to New York are routine affairs which almost anyone may safely undertake, a flight into space is a hazardous adventure for which only a few selected men are at present considered suitable. The most obvious difference between an aircraft and a space
21、vehicle is that of speed, but this alone cannot account for the greater stamina required of astronauts. The human body is unaffected by speed alone and we are normally quite unconscious of the earths rotation on its axis, or of its rapid motion around the Sun. Of much greater importance is the rate
22、at which the final speed is achieved, for the body is extremely sensitive to alterations of velocity, or accelerations, especially if they are sudden. An airliner can take a comparatively long time to reach its cruising speed of, say, 400mph, and its passengers will experience acceleration only to a
23、 mild degree. The space capsule, however, must be hurled through the atmosphere to reach its final speed of 18,000 mph as quickly as possible, and the acceleration applied by the launching rocket must be correspondingly high. The first problem of manned space flight, therefore, is to match the perfo
24、rmance of the rocket to the bodys tolerance for acceleration, and this naturally involves a study of the physiological effects of acceleration. Like all other accelerations, gravity acts upon objects to produce a force, and this force is experienced as weight, or as pressure. It is usual and conveni
25、ent to regard the earths gravity as a standard unit, referred to as lg, and also to use the expressions “force“ and “acceleration“ as interchangeable. Most of our knowledge of the physiological effects of acceleration has come from studies on human centrifuges, in which acceleration is produced by r
26、otation instead of by changing speed. It has been found that human tolerance is greatly affected by the direction in which the force acts. When the acceleration is applied in line with the long axis of the body, the early symptoms are merely of difficulty in lifting the arms and legs, and of being t
27、hrust down into the seat. If the acceleration is raised to 3g or so, vision becomes slightly misty or veiled. As the stress is increased further, the field of view contracts from the edges, until at about 4.5g only a small patch of central vision remains. With yet higher accelerations, even this sma
28、ll area is lost, and this is the state well known to fighter pilots as “black-out“. Finally, at about 5.5g to 6g consciousness is lost. The remedy follows logically: if tolerance depends upon the ability of the heart to push blood to the head, it should be possible to reduce the load by shortening t
29、he distance between heart and brain. Crouching, or bending the head forward, would be one solution, but an even more satisfactory result can be achieved by placing the body across the line of thrust. The effort needed to pump blood to the brain is then quite small, for the heavy fluid does not have
30、to be lifted very far. In this position men have. withstood an acceleration of 17g for a period of three or four minutes without loss of consciousness. Gravity and acceleration become important once more during the re-entry of the space capsule through the earths atmosphere. In this phase, all the s
31、peed acquired at the cost of so much fuel during the launch must be lost. Deceleration has exactly the same properties and physiological effects as acceleration, and the same precautions must be taken to avoid exceeding the limits of tolerance. This is why the American plan involves turning the whol
32、e capsule round shortly before re-entry, so that the man is again pressed back into his protective couch. The highest, and shortest, deceleration of the entire flight comes at the moment of impact with the land or water. Here the last remnants of the speed must be lost very suddenly, and forces of u
33、p to 30g can easily accompany descent to an unyielding surface. The duration of this final insult is so short, however, that its physiological effects are negligible. No doubt the astronaut would regard the jolt as a welcome indication of his return to a normal 1g environment. 21 What is the passage
34、 mainly concerned about? （ A） Physiological problems of space flight. （ B） Speed and gravity of space flight. （ C） Gravity and acceleration of space flight. （ D） Acceleration and deceleration of space flight. 22 What common experience suggests that the human body is quite accustomed to travelling at
35、 high speed? （ A） An airliner travelling from London to New York may take from S to 15 hours to cross the Atlantic. （ B） We are normally quite unconscious of the earths rotation on its axis. （ C） The space capsule must be hurled through the atmosphere to reach its final speed of 18,000 mph. （ D） An
36、airliner can cruise at the speed of 400 mph. 23 Which of the following statements is NOT true about acceleration? （ A） Acceleration can be expressed by lg, a standard unit for the earths gravity. （ B） The bodys tolerance for acceleration depends only on velocity. （ C） Acceleration is important durin
37、g both the launch and the re-entry stages. （ D） By changing the bodys position, we can increase the bodys tolerance for acceleration. 24 Acceleration and deceleration are alike in all the following aspects EXCEPT_. （ A） Both of them have the same properties （ B） Both of them have the same physiologi
38、cal effects （ C） In both processes, the same precautions must be taken （ D） The physiological effects are negligible in both of them 24 Christmas is a sad season. The phrase came to Charlie an instant after the alarm clock had woken him and named for him an amorphous depression that had troubled him
39、 all the previous even hag. The sky outside his window was black. He sat up in-bed and pulled the light chain that hung in front of his nose. Christmas is a very sad day of the year, he thought. Of all the millions of people in New York, I am practically the only one who has to get up in the cold bl
40、ack of 6 a.m. on Christmas Day in the morning; I am practically the only one. He dressed, and when he went downstairs from the top floor of the rooming house in which he lived, the only sounds he heard were the coarse sounds of sleep; the only lights burning were lights that had been forgotten. Char
41、lie ate some breakfast in an all-night lunch wagon and took an elevated train uptown. From Third Avenue, he walked over to Sutton Place. The neighbourhood was dark. House after house put into the shine of the streetlights a wall of black windows. Millions and millions were sleeping, and this general
42、 loss of consciousness generated an impression of abandonment, as if this were the fall of the city, the end of time. He opened the iron-and-glass doors of the apartment building where he had been working for six months as an elevator operator, and went through the elegant lobby to a locker room at
43、the back. He put on a striped vest with brass buttons, a false ascot, a pair of pants with a light blue stripe on the seam, and a coat. The night elevator man was dozing on the little bench in the car. Charlie woke him. The night elevator man told him thickly that the day doorman had been taken sick
44、 and wouldnt be in that day. With the doorman sick, Charlie wouldnt have any relief for lunch, and a lot of people would expect him to whistle for cabs. Charlie had been on duty a few minutes when 14 rang-Mrs. Hewing, who, he happened to know, was kind of immoral. Mrs, Hewing hadnt been to bed yet,
45、and she got into the elevator wearing a long dress under her fur coat. She was followed by her two funny looking dogs. He took her down and watched her go out into the dark and take her dogs to the curb. She was outside for only a few minutes. Then she came in and he took her up to 14 again. When sh
46、e got off the elevator, she said, “Merry Christmas, Charlie.“ “Well, it isnt much a holiday for me, Mrs. Hewing,“ he said. “I think Christmas is a very sad season of the year. It isnt that people around here aint generous-I mean I got plenty of tips-but, you see, I live alone in a furnished room and
47、 I dont have any family or anything, and Christmas isnt much of a holiday for me.“ “Im sorry, Charlie,“ Mrs. Hewing said. “I dont have any family myself, It is kind of sad when youre alone, isnt it?“ she called her dogs and followed them into her apartment. He went down. It was quiet then, and Charl
48、ie lit a cigarette. The heating plant in the basement encompassed the building at that hour in a regular and profound vibration, and the sullen noises of arriving steam heat began to resound, first in the lobby and then to reverberate up through all the sixteen stories, but this was a mechanical awa
49、kening, and it didnt lighten his loneliness or his petulance. The black air outside the glass doors had begun to turn blue, but the blue light seemed to have no source; it appeared in the middle of the air. It was a tearful light, and he wanted to cry. Then a cab drove up, and the Walsers got out, drunk and dressed in evening clothes
