1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 228及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 Religion in American Life Diversity is the chief feature of religion in the United States. Although Chris
3、tianity has always been the major American faith, the existence of more than 250 different religious sects here has made Americans 【 1】 _of all forms of worshipChristian and non-Christian. 【 1】_ Among the first immigrants in America, quite a number of them were【 2】 _, whose purpose of coming to this
4、 New World was to 【 2】_ pursue religious freedom. So the First Amendment to the Constitution not only forbids the establishment of an official【 3】 _religion but also 【 3】_ prohibits state or federal interference with religious institutions or practices. There are generally three main religions in th
5、e U.S. The combined 【 4】 _sects form the largest religious faith in the United States. 【 4】_ But Roman Catholicism is by far the largest【 5】 _ religious 【 5】_ body. The third biggest religion in the United States is【 6】 _ 【 6】_ Although in the United States religion provides the ceremonies that mark
6、 lifes most important events, religion has【 7】 _in importance 【 7】_ tance in terms of influencing behavior and philosophical outlook. When Americans need personal【 8】 _they usually turn to psychiatrists 【 8】_ or to professional counselors rather than to religious leaders for help. Modern Americans h
7、ave a strong faith in their【 9】 _ to improve 【 9】_ conditions through their own efforts. Influenced by the nontraditional religious fervor of the young Americans, people in the U.S. are adopting new kinds of religious services. Now many of the progressive churches draw crowds to their weekly service
8、s, while more【 10】 _ones are half-empty. 【 10】 _ 1 【 1】 2 【 2】 3 【 3】 4 【 4】 5 【 5】 6 【 6】 7 【 7】 8 【 8】 9 【 9】 10 【 10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an in
9、terview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 This interview is mainly about_. （ A） drug prohibition （ B） drug trafficking （ C） drug legalization （ D） drug effects 12 What is Professor Nadelmamnnes at
10、titudes towards drugs? （ A） He is strongly against using drugs. （ B） He is in favor of using drugs. （ C） He is strongly against drug legalization. （ D） He is in favor of drug legalization. 13 Why doesnt Professor Nadehnanne agree that tobacco companies or pharmaceutical companies will come to domina
11、te drug business? （ A） They will make drugs too expensive to be afforded. （ B） They will not raise the price so high in case it should encourage a black market. （ C） They will not make an effort to prevent it from having it sold to children. （ D） The federal tax on tobacco will be doubled or tripled
12、. 14 According to the professor, at present what kinds of drugs should not be legalized? （ A） 15% cocaine. （ B） Marijuana. （ C） 60% cocaine. （ D） PCP. 15 According to the professor, the best way to solve the problem of abusing drugs is to_. （ A） throw them in jail （ B） integrate it into our culture
13、（ C） ban manufacturing mind-alerting substances at home （ D） educate people how to use drugs safely SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10
14、seconds to answer the questions. 16 Among major oil companies, Exxon, Mobil and Shell all reported_. （ A） lower profits, but improved chemical operations offset sluggish profits at petroleum operations （ B） higher profits, but improved chemical operations offset sluggish profits at petroleum operati
15、ons （ C） earning statements of major U. S. cooperations continue to show mixed results （ D） Texaco sold its chemical business last year 17 The diplomatic difference between France and the United States is mainly on _. （ A） Iraq （ B） Lebanon （ C） Afghanistan （ D） Syria 18 According to some experts, w
16、ith President Bushs re-election, the relation between European countries and the United States will_. （ A） reach a low point （ B） depend on NATO operations （ C） depend on bilateral economic cooperations （ D） get warmer and better. 19 How many casualties were caused by the three bombs? （ A） 2 people.
17、 （ B） 30 people. （ C） 28 people. （ D） 1200 people. 20 Who was thought to be responsible for Thursdays bombings? （ A） Terrorists. （ B） Civilians. （ C） Muslim extremist rebels. （ D） The European Union. 20 No one knows when the first calendar was developed. But it seems possible that it was based on lu
18、nar months. When people started fanning, the sages of the tribes became very important. They studied the sky and gathered enough information to be able to predict when the seasons would change, and were able to announce when it was time to plant crops. The divisions of time we use today were develop
19、ed in ancient Babylonia 4,000 years ago. Babylonian astronomers believed the sun moved around the Earth every 365 days. They divided the trip into 12 equal parts, each with 30 days. Then they divided each day into 24 equal parts or hours, and divided each hour into 60 minutes, each minute into 60 se
20、conds. Humans have used many devices to measure time. he sundial was one of the earliest and simplest. However, the sundial worked well 0nly when the weather was fine, so other ways of measuring the passing of time were invented. One device was the hourglass. By the eighteenth century, people had de
21、veloped mechanical clocks and watches. So we have devices to mark the passing of time, but what time is it now? Clocks in different parts of the world do not show the same time at the same time, because time on Earth is set by the suns position in the sky above us. As international communications an
22、d travel grew, it became clear that a way to establish a common time for all parts of the world was needed. In 1884, an international conference divided the world into 24 time zones, each zone represents 0ne hour. The astronomical observatory in Greenwich, England, was chosen as the starting point f
23、or the time zones. Twelve zones are west of Greenwich. Twelve arc east. The time at Greenwich measured by the sun is considered by astronomers to be Universal Time, also known as Greenwich Mean Time. 21 What does the passage mainly discuss? （ A） Why we measure time the way we do. （ B） Ways of measur
24、ing time. （ C） The development of universal time. （ D） How time is measured. 22 The author mentions all of the following ways to measure time EXCEPT _. （ A） sundial （ B） electric clock （ C） hourglass （ D） mechanical clock 23 According to the passage, Greenwich Mean Time_. （ A） is the 12th of 24 time
25、 zones （ B） is calculated from the sun （ C） was named when chosen at an international conference because of its strategic location in the world （ D） provides the same time for all of the world 24 With which of the following statements would the author be most likely to agree? （ A） The ancient Babylo
26、nians used 12 as a basic division of time because they believed the sun moved around the Earth. （ B） If we revise the way we measure time, we should use a division of 10 rather than 12. （ C） Ways of measuring time have changed in response to human need and technological development. （ D） Universal T
27、ime is so named because it can be applicable throughout the universe. 24 The person most often credited with inventing jazz is cornettist Buddy Bolden, a barber. Since his career was over before the first jazz recordings were made, all we have left is legend. He was famous for his big bold cornet so
28、und, as well as for his bold personality. His band started playing around 1895, in New Orleans parades and dances, and eventually rose to become one of the most popular bands in the city. He made up one song after another, and when be wasnt playing, his rich voice was capturing attention. His band h
29、ad one feature that later jazz authorities recognized as indispensable“the trance“, an ability to sink himself in the music until nothing mattered but himself and the cornet, in fervent communion. Legend has it that he was so popular he had eight bands playing on the same night, and hed rush from ba
30、nd to band playing a few tunes with each. Several early Jazz musicians, like Sidney Bechet and Bunk Johnson, apparently played in Boldens bands occasionally. The Bolden style had blues foundations, however, his music was more like ragtime with improvised embellishments. His band featured cornet, cla
31、rinet, trombone, guitar, bass and drums, playing a mix of popular dance numbers in both ragtime and blues style. By the turn of the century, many New Orleans bands had begun playing in the collective improvisational style pioneered by Buddy Bolden. One of those groups was the Original Dixieland Jazz
32、 Band, the group which made the first ever jazz recording. In 1906, Bolden began suffering periods of derangement. The following year he was committed to a mental hospital outside of New Orleans, and remained there for 24 years until his death in 1931 at the age of 54. Trombonist Frankie Dusen took
33、over the Bolden Band, renamed it the Eagle Band, and they continued to be very popular in New Orleans until around 1917. Although we have no recordings of Bolden, Jelly Roll Mortons “Buddy Bolden Blues“ did immortalize this pioneering musician. 25 According to the passage, what was Bolden doing when
34、 he wasnt playing? （ A） Sleeping. （ B） Practicing. （ C） Making up songs. （ D） Using his voice. 26 What is the distinguishing feature of Boldens band that was later recognized as a necessary feature of jazz? （ A） The ability to be totally absorbed in the music. （ B） Improvisation. （ C） Collective imp
35、rovisation. （ D） Ragtime with spontaneous additions. 27 According to paragraph 1, the Bolden legend says that he was in a hurry_. （ A） to develop his style of music （ B） because that was the style of music he played （ C） to play with each of his bands （ D） to make up tunes 28 According to the passag
36、e, we have no recordings of Bolden because_. （ A） he was in a mental hospital for so long （ B） he was not in the Original Dixieland Jazz Band （ C） very few were made and none have been discovered （ D） he stopped playing before the first jazz record was made 28 In each British North American colony,
37、the first printing office was established by the Governor and legislative apparatus, Its chief purpose was to publish materials supporting the governments official public communications arena. Aside from these specialized ventures, most subsequent print centers commenced printing and publishing with
38、 a weekly newspaper. This had become a regular practice by the mid-1760s, earlier in colonies with the longest tradition of printing. Americas first continuously published newspaper, the Boston News-Letter published its first issue on April 24, 1704. John Campbell, a bookseller and postmaster of Bos
39、ton, was its first editor, printing the newspaper on what was then refereed to as a half-sheet. It originally appeared on a single page, printed on both sides and issued weekly. In the early years of its publication the News-Letter was filled mostly with news from London journals detailing the intri
40、gues of English politics, and a variety of events concerning the European wars. The rest of the newspaper was filled with items listing ship arrivals, deaths, sermons, political appointments, rims, accidents and the like. One of the most sensational stories published when the News-Letter was the onl
41、y newspaper in the colonies was the account of how Blackbeard the pirate was killed in hand-to-hand combat on the deck of a sloop that had engaged his ship in battle. Campbell relinquished his stewardship of the paper in 1722 to Bartholomew Green, its printer. As editor, Green devoted less space to
42、overseas events and more to domestic news. When Green died after a decade as its editor, the News-Letter was inherited by his son John Draper, also a printer. Draper proved to be a better editor and publisher than his predecessors. He enlarged the paper to four good-sized pages, filling it with news
43、 from Boston, other towns throughout the colonies and from abroad. 29 What is the main subject of the passage? （ A） The early history of newspapers in America. （ B） The Boston News-Letter. （ C） Contents of the Boston News-Letter. （ D） Editors of the Boston News-Letter. 30 Which of the following is t
44、rue about editors after Campbell? （ A） John Draper was the son of Bartholomew Green. （ B） Green was editor for 20 years. （ C） Both Green and Draper were booksellers. （ D） Green was considered a better editor than Draper. 30 Raju and His Fathers Shop My mother told me a story every evening while we w
45、aited for father to close the shop and come home. The shop remained open till midnight. Bullock-carts in long caravans arrived late in the evening from distant villages, loaded with coconut, rice, and other commodities for the market. The animals were unyoked under the big tamarind tree for the nigh
46、t, and the cartmen drifted in twos and threes to the shop, for a chat or to ask for things to eat or smoke. How my father loved to discuss with them the price of grain, rainfall, harvest, and the state of irrigation channels. Or they talked about old litigations. One heard repeated references to mag
47、istrates, affidavits, witnesses in the case, and appeals, punctuated with roars of laughterpossibly the memory of some absurd legality or loophole tickled them. My father ignored food and sleep when he had company. My mother sent me out several times to see if he could be. made to turn in. He was a
48、man of uncertain temper and one could not really guess how he would react to interruptions, and so my mother coached me to go up, watch his mood, and gently remind him of food and home. I stood under the shop-awning, coughing and clearing my throat, hoping to catch his eye. But the talk was all-abso
49、rbing and he would not glance in my direction, and I got absorbed in their talk, although I did not understand a word of it. After a while my mothers voice came gently on the night air, calling, “Raju, Raju,“ and my father interrupted his activities to look at me and say, “Tell your mother not to wait for me. Tell her
