1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 241及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 Oral Presentation One of the ways that teachers use to involve their students more actively in the learni
3、ng process is【 1】 seminars. In a seminar, students are expected to give oral presentations. There are two main stages involved in presenting a seminar paper. One is the【 2】stage; the other is the presentation stage. In the latter stage you can do this by【 3】 copies of the paper in advance to all the
4、 participants, if possible. Otherwise the paper will have to be read aloud to the group. When you use the first method, you must not simply read the whole paper aloud because: 1. if the paper is fairly long, there may not be enough time for【 4】 . 2. there may he【 5】 of comprehension when one is list
5、ening. 3. it can be very【 6】 listening to something being read aloud, To make your oral presentation clear and easy to understand, you must follow several things. Decide on a【 7】 for your talk. Deliver your speech slowly. Concentrate on the main points. Speak from the【 8】 , Provide thinking time bef
6、ore and after each important new item by pausing,【 9】 and using filler words, look at your audience while you are speaking. Make a strong【 10】 by repeating your main points briefly. 1 【 1】 2 【 2】 3 【 3】 4 【 4】 5 【 5】 6 【 6】 7 【 7】 8 【 8】 9 【 9】 10 【 10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this sectio
7、n you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 What strikes the woma
8、n most about the male robber is his_. （ A） clothes （ B） age （ C） physique （ D） appearance 12 The most detailed information about the woman robber is her （ A） manners （ B） talkativeness （ C） height （ D） jewelry 13 The interviewee is believed to be a bank_. （ A） receptionist （ B） manager （ C） customer
9、 （ D） cashier 14 Which of the following about the two robbers is NOT true? （ A） Both were wearing dark sweaters. （ B） Neither was wearing glasses. （ C） Both were about the same age. （ D） One of them was marked by a scar. 15 After the incident the interviewee sounded_. （ A） calm and quiet （ B） nervou
10、s and numb （ C） timid and confused （ D） shocked and angry SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 Accord
11、ing to the news, it was _who first leaked the name of Mrs. Wilson as a CIA operative. （ A） Manmohan Singh （ B） Mathew Cooper （ C） president Bush （ D） Karl Rove 17 Faced with Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon Sharons threat, the Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas_. （ A） believed Sharon (lid not re
12、ally mean to invade the occupied Gaza Strip （ B） believed it only did bad than good to his efforts to calm the violence （ C） believed it was unfair for the self-defensive Palestinian militants （ D） would take it seriously and make good preparation for the attack 18 As Sharon hinted, the intended Isr
13、aeli offensive into the occupied territory was not likely. Why not? （ A） Because Israeli troops had already counterattacked the Palestinian militants properly, killing two and injuring one. （ B） Because Mahmoud Abbas had promised to do whatever to prevent further Palestinian rocketing. （ C） Because
14、Premier Sharon wanted to avoid overaction for only one Israeli was killed and six others wounded. （ D） Because US Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice would visit Israel hater this week to save the truce. 19 According to the news items, Prime Minister John Howard plans to talk with all of the followi
15、ng EXCEPT _. （ A） US Defense secretary Donald Rumsfeld （ B） US Federal Reserve chairman Alan Greenspan （ C） US President George W. Bush （ D） US Vice President Dick Cheney 20 Prime Minister John Howard believes what is happening in Iraq is quite_. （ A） discouraging （ B） encouraging （ C） pessimistic （
16、 D） unexpected 20 More than any other poet Lord Byron has been identified with his own heroes with Childe Harold, the romantic traveller; with Manfred, the outcast from society; with Don Juan, the cynical, heartless lover. Although Byron did use his own life as the material for much of his poetry, i
17、t is by no means purely autobiographical. It is, however, in his long poems that Byrons genius most truly resides rather than in the lyrics which usually represent him in selections. Byron was born into an aristocratic family of doubtful reputation. His father died of drink and debauchery when Byron
18、 was 3, and when he was 10 his great uncle-Lord Byron-also died. Byron inherited the title, a vast house called New stead Abbey, and estates already mortgaged or in decay. Byrons father, by his first marriage, had a daughter, Augusta, Byrons half-sister. His fathers second wife, Byrons own mother, w
19、as a proud Calvinistic Scotswoman named Catherine Gordon of Gight. He was born with a malformed foot-a disability which tortured him with self-consciousness in his youth. He went to Harrow and to Trinity College, Cambridge, where, amongst other eccentricities, he kept a bear. While an undergraduate
20、he published his first book of poems, Hours of Idleness. The adverse criticism it deservedly got stung Byron not to despair but to revenge, and he replied with a satire in the manner of Pope called English Bards and Scotch Reviewers. After Cambridge, Byron went on the grand tour of Europe, tradition
21、al for men of his education; but owing to the Napoleonic Wars, his route took him, not overland, as was usual by way of Paris to Rome, but by sea to Lisbon, Spain, and the Mediterranean. For nearly 2 years he wandered about Greece and the Aegean Islands. This was the shaping time of his imagination.
22、 When he was 23, his mother died, and he came home, an extremely handsome young man, to install himself boisterously at New stead Abbey. He entered London society and spoke in the House of Lords It was now that he showed his friend, R. C. Dallas, a new satire, Hints from Horace. Dallas, secretly not
23、 much impressed, asked if he had anything else; Byron quite casually said that he had a lot of Spenserian stanzas. Dallas read them with astonishment and delight, showed them to Murray the publisher, and on 20 February 1812, the first two cantos of Childe Harold were: published. They took the town b
24、y storm. Byron became famous overnight. He could not now write fast enough, and in the next 4 years appeared a series of romantic poems, the best among them being The Corsair and The Bride of Abydos. It is said that 14,000 copies of The Corsiar were sold in a day. Byron had always been susceptible t
25、o women and attractive to them; now that he was successful, they threw themselves at his head. For 3 years he lived in the limelight, and then, quite unaccountably, married Ann Milbanke, a frigid, correct, intellectual woman, entirely unsuited to him but with a lot of money. She bore him a daughter
26、and left him within a year, hinting that he had an immoral relationship with his half-sister Augusta. Society turned against him, as lavish now with calumny and spite as it had been with praise and flattery. Byron would not stay to be insulted; he left England for good. The next few years were spent
27、 mostly in Venice, where Byron established himself with a menagerie of strange animals and conducted various love affairs. It was in Italy that his masterpiece Don Juan was written. This brilliant, caustic, rambling satire is written in a colloquial style which is the result of a mastery of techniqu
28、e. Byron, always a fluent writer, was not over-critical of his own work; but Beppo, A Vision of Judgment, and Don Juan more than justify his reputation as a great poet. His influence on European literature-both by what he wrote and by the general idea of the romantic figure of Childe Harold-the typi
29、cal Byronic hero-was very great. Like many poets, Byron was at heart a man of action. He loved the idea of freedom, and threw himself with intense energy into the Greek struggle for independence from Turkey. In 1823, he left Italy for Greece, but the next year, worn out with the ardors of the campai
30、gn, he caught rheumatic fever and died at Missolonghi, mourned as a national hero by the Greeks. 21 According to the passage, which of the following is true about Byron? （ A） Byrons poetry is autobiographical in nature. （ B） Byron was born in a wealthy aristocratic family without good reputation. （
31、C） Byron, a romantic poem, had interest in politics. （ D） It took years for Byron to became well known. 22 This passage is most probably taken from_. （ A） an encyclopedia （ B） a book review （ C） an autobiography （ D） a history book 23 Byrons genius is best displayed in_. （ A） his lyrics （ B） his lon
32、g poems （ C） his satire （ D） his Spenserian stanzas 24 From the passage, we can learn that Don Juan_. （ A） is the self-image of Byron, a romantic lover （ B） is one of the typical Byronic heroes who fights for freedom （ C） is an outcast from society, just like Byron himself （ D） is unwilling to belie
33、ve that people have good reasons for their actions 24 What the Germans call Schadenfreude taking pleasure in the pain of others is never more delicious than when those in pain are prominent, powerful, prosperous and conceited. So it is understandable that a wave of pure delight is now coursing throu
34、gh the rest of higher education as Harvard-probably Americas greatest university, and certainly its most arrogant-licks a self-inflicted wound known as grade inflation. The wound in time will heal, but it has exposed weakness and hypocrisy that make Harvard something of a joke. The matter first came
35、 to light a couple of months ago when the Boston Globe reported, in a first-rate series by Patrick Healy, on “Harvards dirty little secret: Since the Viet Nam era, grade inflation has made its top prize for students-graduating with honours-virtually meaningless.“ That is because in the Class of 2001
36、, “a record 91 M of Harvard students graduated summa, magna, or cum laude, for more than at Yale (51%), Princeton (44%), and other elite universities.“ Healy continued: “While the world regards these students as the best of the best of Americas 13 million undergraduates, Harvard honours have actuall
37、y become the laughingstock of the Ivy League.“ Its hard to say which of these figures is more astonishing: the 51% As, the 91% graduating with honours, or the B-minus for honours. Taken individually or collectively, these figures depict an undergraduate college in which there is no longer any meanin
38、gful distinction among the excellent, the satisfactory and the mediocre. Grade inflation does not seem to be as out of control at most other places as it is at Harvard, but it is a widespread problem. Its causes are complex. Prospective employers are now looking for high grades and honours diplomas;
39、 one corporate recruiter told Healy, “A degree from Harvard is very good, but honours certainly helps it along; it indicates someone has really worked hard.“ A report, by the Educational Policy Committee of Harvards Faculty of Arts and Sciences revealed that grade inflation is most visible in the hu
40、manities. The chairman of the classics department told the Crimson, “The humanities are less empirically based-theres less of a distinction between right and wrongand more latitude for subjectivity.“ Yes, its true-as Harvards defenders have been quick to point out that undergraduates there are of th
41、e first rank and that they should be expected to do superior work by the simple fact of their having been admitted in the first place. Yet not all superior students do equally superior work. If a college must give grades and honours-and a credentials-obsessed society insists that it do sothen it sho
42、uld make every effort to ensure that those grades and honours have meaning. No American university is so well placed as Harvard to set high standards and demand that students, if they wish to receive academic honours, meet them. In this hour of its embarrassment, it has an opportunity to set an exam
43、ple by doing precisely that. 25 Why do people in all the other universities in America experience great pleasure in seeing Harvard dealing with the problem of grade inflation? （ A） Because of their jealousy of Harvard. （ B） Because of their inferiority to Harvard. （ C） Because of Harvards reputation
44、 as the best school in the country. （ D） Because of their conceitedness. 26 Grade inflation itself shows that_. （ A） Harvards graduates may not be as good as people thought （ B） Harvards graduates do not deserve high grades and honours at all （ C） Harvard is actually a university filled with hypocri
45、sy （ D） Harvard is actually weak in humanities 27 Grade inflation may result in_. （ A） meaningless grades and honours （ B） a lack of distinction between right and wrong （ C） a meaningful difference between the outstanding students and the average students （ D） a determination to make students more c
46、ompetitive in job hunting 28 According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true? （ A） Harvard sets high standards to meet the students demand for academic honours （ B） Grade inflation has brought embarrassment to Harvard （ C） The problem of grade inflation offers a good chance f
47、or Harvard to set an example of high standards for its students （ D） The problem of grade inflation in Harvard would help fight the same tendency in other universities 28 “Finagle“ is not a word that most people associate with science. One reason why science is so respected these days is that the im
48、age of the scientist is of one who dispassionately collects data in an impartial search for truth. In any debate over intelligence, schooling, bias, energy-the phrase “science says“ usually squashes the opposition. But scientists have long acknowledged the existence of a “finagle factor“-a tendency
49、by many scientists to give a helpful nudge to the data to produce desired results. The latest example of the finagle factor in action comes from Stephen Jay Gould, a Harvard biologist, who has examined the important 19th century work of Dr. Samuel George Morton. Morton was famous in his time not only for amassing a huge collection of skulls but also for anything the cranial capacity, or brain size, of the skulls as a measure of intelligence. He concluded that whites had the largest bra
