1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 246及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 Oral Presentation One of the ways that teachers use to involve their students more actively in the learni
3、ng process is【 1】 seminars. In a seminar, students are expected to give oral presentations. There are two main stages involved in presenting a seminar paper. One is the【 2】stage; the other is the presentation stage. In the latter stage you can do this by【 3】 copies of the paper in advance to all the
4、 participants, if possible. Otherwise the paper will have to be read aloud to the group. When you use the first method, you must not simply read the whole paper aloud because: 1. if the paper is fairly long, there may not be enough time for【 4】 . 2. there may be【 5】 of comprehension when one is list
5、ening. 3. it can be very【 6】 listening to something being read aloud. To make your oral presentation clear and easy to understand, you must follow several things. Decide on a【 7】 for your talk. Deliver your speech slowly. Concentrate on the main points. Speak from the【 8】 . Provide thinking time bef
6、ore and after each important new item by pausing,【 9】 and using filler words. Look at your audience while you are speaking. Make a strong【 10】 by repeating your main points briefly. 1 【 1】 2 【 2】 3 【 3】 4 【 4】 5 【 5】 6 【 6】 7 【 7】 8 【 8】 9 【 9】 10 【 10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this sectio
7、n you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 What was Tims first j
8、ob? （ A） He worked as a salesperson in a clothing shop. （ B） He was the manager of a clothing shop. （ C） He worked in a laundry. （ D） He was a lifeguard in a swimming pool. 12 If people disliked the clothes they tried on, what did Tim do when he was new in his job? （ A） He thought that it was a pers
9、onal matter and did not give any advice. （ B） He told the customers the truth. （ C） He said that the clothes all looked wonderful. （ D） He persuaded the customers to buy the clothes. 13 What was NOT the reason for Jo to take her first job? （ A） She had four months free before she went to college, （
10、B） She needed the money. （ C） She was not qualified for anything. （ D） Her working place was near her home. 14 What is TRUE about Jos workmates? （ A） They were all above thirty years. （ B） All the workmates were tough to her. （ C） The oldest workmate was old Nellie, who was 74 years old. （ D） She go
11、t along quite well with all the workmates. 15 What did Jo have to do in the laundry? （ A） She washed nurses aprons and surgeons caps. （ B） She folded surgeons caps into knife-edged creases. （ C） She pressed surgeons caps and nurses aprons. （ D） She steamed the clothes of the surgeons and nurses. SEC
12、TION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 What issue will U.S. Energy Secretary probably discuss in his visit
13、 to IAEA headquarters? （ A） Anti-terrorism. （ B） Nuclear non-proliferation. （ C） Civilian use of uranium. （ D） Economic help to Eastern Europe. 17 Who might have helped the establishment of nuclear reactors in Easter Europe? （ A） The former Soviet Union. （ B） Russia. （ C） The IAEA （ D） The U.S. 18 W
14、hy are experts worried about the enriched uranium in Eastern Europe and the former Soviet States? （ A） They might fall into the hands of terrorists. （ B） They might cause nuclear pollution. （ C） They might be sold to Russia. （ D） They might be exchanged for weapons. 19 Which of the following stateme
15、nts is TRUE about Israeli Prime Minister Sharons plan? （ A） It proposes total withdrawal from Gaza and West Bank. （ B） Powell welcomes the plan. （ C） Palestinians think the plan is very constructive. （ D） The plan paves way for a Palestinian state. 20 What can best describe U. S. attitude toward the
16、 establishment of a Palestinian state next year? （ A） Optimistic. （ B） Doubtful. （ C） Indifferent. （ D） Enthusiastic. 20 It looks as if it came straight from the set of Star Wars. It has four-wheel drive and rises a bove rocky surfaces. It lowers and raises its nose when going Up and down hills. And
17、 when it comes to a river, it turns amphibious; two hydro jets power it along by blasting water under its body. There is room for two passengers and a driver, who sit inside a glass bubble operating electronic, aircraft-type controls. A vehicle so daring on land and water needs windscreen wipers - b
18、ut it doesnt have any. Water molecules are disintegrated on the screens surface by ultrasonic sensors. This unusual vehicle is the Racoon. It is an invention not of Hollywood but of Renault, a rather conservative French state-owned carmaker, better known for its family hatchbacks. Renault built the
19、Racoon to explore new freedoms for designers and engineers created by advances in materials and manufacturing processes. Renault is thinking about startlingly different cars; other producers have radical new ideas for trains, boats and aeroplanes. The first of the new freedoms is in design. Powerful
20、 computer-aided design (CAD) systems can replace with a click of a computer mouse hours of laborious work done on thousands of drawing boards. So new products, no matter how complicated, can be developed much faster. For the first time, Boeing will not have to build a giant replica of its new airlin
21、er, the 777, to make sure all the bits fit together. Its CAD system will take care of that. But Renault is taking CAD further. It claims the Racoon is the worlds first vehicle to be designed within the digitised world of virtual reality. Complex programs were used to simulate the vehicle and the ter
22、rain that it was expected to cross. This allowed a team led by Patrick Le Quement, Renaults industrial-design director, to “drive“ it long before a prototype existed. Renault is not alone in thinking that virtual reality will transform automotive design. In Detroit, Ford is also investigating its po
23、tential. Jack Telnac, the firms head of design, would like designers in different parts of the world to work more closely together, linked by computers. They would do more than style cars. Virtual reality will allow engineers to peer inside the working parts of a vehicle. Designers will watch bearin
24、gs move, oil flow, gears mesh and hydraulics pump. As these techniques catch on, even stranger vehicles are likely to come along. Transforming these creations from virtual reality to actual reality will also become easier, especially with advances in materials. Firms that once bashed everything out
25、of steel now find that new alloys or composite materials (which can be made from mixtures of plastic, resin, ceramics and metals, reinforced with fibers such as glass or carbon) are changing the rules of manufacturing. At the same time, old materials keep getting better, as their producers try to se
26、cure their place in the factory of the future. This competition is increasing the pace of development of all materials. One company in this field scaled composites. It was started in 1982 by Burt Rutan, an aviator who has devised many unusual aircraft. His company develops and tests prototypes that
27、have ranged from business aircraft to air racers. It has also worked on composite sails for the Americas Cup yacht race and on General Motors Ultralite, a 100-miles-per-gallon experimental family car built from carbon fiber. Again, the Racoon reflects this race between the old and the new. It uses c
28、onventional steel and what Renault describes as a new “high-limit elastic steel“ in its chassis. This steel is 30% lighter than the usual kind. The Racoon also has parts made from compostites. Renault plans to replace the petrol engine with a small gas turbine, which could be made from heat-resistin
29、g ceramics, and use it to run a generator that would provide power for electric motors at each wheel. With composites it is possible to build many different parts into a single component. Fiat, Italys biggest car maker has worked out that it could reduce the number of components needed in one of its
30、 car bodies from 150 to 16 by using a composite shell rather than one made of steel. Aircraft and cars may increasingly be assembled as if they were plastic kits. Advances in engine technology also make cars lighter. The Ultralite, which Scaled composites helped to design for General Motors, uses a
31、two-stroke engine in a “power pod“ at the rear of the vehicle. The engine has been developed from an East German design and weighs 40% less than a conventional engine but produces as much power. IT is expected to ran cleanly enough to qualify as an ultra-low emissions vehicle under Californias tough
32、 new rules. 21 How does that Racoon cross water? （ A） It swims. （ B） It raises its nose. （ C） It uses hydrojets. （ D） It uses its four-wheel drive. 22 What is Renault most famous for? （ A） Startlingly different cars. （ B） Family cars. （ C） Advances in design. （ D） Boat and train design. 23 Why will
33、Boeing not need a replica of the 777? （ A） It can use computers to check the design. （ B） It already has enough experience with plans. （ C） It will only need to upgrade the replica of the previous model. （ D） It can make sure all the bits fit together. 24 How did Renault test drive the Racoon? （ A）
34、Over rocky terrain. （ B） In actual reality. （ C） Over French country roads. （ D） In virtual reality. 24 Tomorrow evening about 20 million Americans will be shown, on their television screens, how easy it is to steal plutonium (钚 ) and produce “the most terrifying blackmail weapon ever devised“ - a h
35、omemade atomic bomb. They will be told that no commercial nuclear plant in the United States - and probably in the world - is adequately protected against a well planned armed attack by terrorists, and that there is enough information on public record to guide a nuclear thief not only to the undergr
36、ound rooms of nuclear plants where plutonium is stored, but also to tell him how the doors of those underground rooms are designed. The hour-long television programme, “The Plutonium Connection“, makes its point by showing how a 20-year-old student of the Masschusetts Institute of Technology in five
37、 weeks designed an atomic bomb composed of plutonium and parts from a hardware store. The young man, whose identity is being kept secret for fear he may be kidnaped by terrorists, is quoted as saying,“ I was pretty surprised about how easy k is to design a bomb. When I was working on my design, I ke
38、pt thinking theres got to be more to it than this, but actually there isnt. Its simple.“ The student worked alone, using information he obtained from science libraries open to the public. The television programme, produced for non-commericial stations across the country by a Boston educational stati
39、on, shows how quantities of other “secret“ information are available to anyone. The Atomic Energy Commissions public reading room in Washington is described by the narrator as “the first place a bomb-designer would visit when he was planning his plutonium theft. On file there and freely available ar
40、e the plans of every civilian nuclear installation in the country.“ The programme seems certain to create enormous controversy - not only over the lack of nuclear safeguards, but also over the morality of appointing the student to design a bomb and the wisdom of drawing attention to the ways that a
41、nuclear thief can work. Even an official of Public Broadcasting System, which is distributing the TV programme, confessed to uneasiness: “Its a terribly important subject, and people should know about the dangers, but I cant help wondering if the programme wont give someone ideas.“ “The Plutonium Co
42、nnection“ explains, for example, that the security systems of nuclear plants were all designed to prevent sabotage by perhaps one or agents of some foreign power. But now this appears less of a hazard than the possibility of an attack by an armed band of terrorists with dedicated disregard for their
43、 own lives. The programme discusses two major plutonium reprocessing plants in the US - one already operating in Oklahoma, one being completed in South Carolina - neither of which has more than a handful of armed guards to supplement the alarms, fences and gun-detectors that Government security requ
44、ires. Both are in such remote areas that it would take at least 45 minutes for a sizeable force to be assembled, if there were an attack. An official of the South Carolina plant - a joint operation of Allied Chemical, Gulf Oil and Royal Dutch Shell - admits to television viewers that the “system wev
45、e designed would probably not prevent“ a band of about 12 armed terrorists from entering. Stealing plutonium is even easier, the programme suggests. Despite constant survery of all materials on the list, there are inevitably particles of plutonium unaccounted for - about I lb a month at the Oklahoma
46、 plant, owned by the KerrMcGee oil company, which in a year adds up to enough to make an atomic bomb. It is suggested that stealing would be even easier if instrument technicians were unscrupulous enough to alter their measuring devices. The television film also shows radioactive fuel being transpor
47、ted to nuclear processing plants in commercial armoured cars. As safety measure, US drivers of such cars are ordered to contact headquarters by radio telephone every two hours. But the equipment is “cumbersome and unreliable“, and in difficult terrain there are radio black out areas. The programmer
48、ends with a warning from Dr. Theodore Taylor, a former Atomic Energy Commission officer who has long contended that any person of modest technical ability could make an atomic bomb: “If we dont get this problem under international control within the next five or six years, there is a good chance tha
49、t it will be permanently out of control.“ 25 Why would a terrorist go to the Atomic Energy commissions public reading room? （ A） To find out how to design a bomb. （ B） To find out where to steal plutonium. （ C） To look at files of secret information. （ D） To find out where to stem an atomic bomb. 26 The main danger discussed in the passage is from _. （ A） students making their own atomic bombs （ B） foreign spies stealing secrets （ C） terrorists stealing plutonium and making their own bombs （ D） technicians stealing plutonium 27 What
