1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 284及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 Note-taking in Lectures For listeners, note-raking is an essential way to achieve better understanding of
3、 a lecture. It involves many separate skills, four of which will be analyzed here. I. Understand what (1)says. 【 1】 _ 1. severe strain:2 reasons word (2)in speech. 【 2】 _ new words 2. solution: concentrate on what are most important II. Sort out the main points. 1. focus on the title: write down the
4、 title (3)and completely. 【 3】 _ 2. be aware of signals of what is important or unimportant. signals indicating importance: (4)【 4】 _ speak slowly or loudly use a greater range of intonation employ a combination of the devices Signals (5)【 5】 _ deliver sentences quickly, softly use a narrow range of
5、 intonation use (6)pauses 【 6】 _ III. Write down (7)quickly and clearly. 【 7】 _ 1. use abbreviation 2. select words that give (8)(nouns, verbs, adjectives)【 8】 _ 3. write one point on each line 4. find time to write (9)【 9】 _ IV. Show the connections between the various points the listeners has note
6、d. 1. use spacing, underlining, (10). 【 10】 _ 2. number points 1 【 1】 2 【 2】 3 【 3】 4 【 4】 5 【 5】 6 【 6】 7 【 7】 8 【 8】 9 【 9】 10 【 10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are
7、based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 According to Kelvin, which of the following is TRUE? （ A） Customers go to the bar to buy their drinks. （ B） Customers have to queue for drin
8、ks at the bar. （ C） Customers have to wait for someone to take their orders. （ D） A waitress normally comes to the tables to take orders or money. 12 Which of the following is TRUE of the service at a bar? （ A） A customer has to tip the waitress. （ B） A customer has to pay each time he gets drinks.
9、（ C） A customer has to pay for all the drinks when he is leaving. （ D） A customer has to sit at the table to wait for their turn to be served. 13 The following are served in pubs EXCEPT _. （ A） alcoholics （ B） spirits （ C） fruit juices （ D） milk 14 According to Kelvin, cordials refer to _. （ A） carb
10、onated water （ B） soft drinks （ C） strong and sweet drinks （ D） mineral water 15 Which of the following is NOT TRUE of VAT? （ A） VAT is the acronym of Value Added Tax. （ B） VAT is a tax charged on most goods in Britain. （ C） VAT is not charged on different services in Britain. （ D） A foreigner can g
11、et VAT back when he leaves Britain under the Retail Export Scheme. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.
12、16 Which of the following statements about the case is TRUE? （ A） Tommy Suharto was sentenced to 15 years in prison for the murder of a judge. （ B） Prosecutors have decided against demanding a harsher sentence. （ C） The verdict will be handed down in a weeks time. （ D） Some legal experts doubt about
13、 Tommy Suhartos honesty. 17 In 2000, Tommy Suharto was convicted for （ A） murder. （ B） dishonesty. （ C） corruption. （ D） bribery. 18 Who are NOT mentioned as people more likely to be exposed to lead? （ A） Automobile mechanics. （ B） Painters. （ C） Waiters. （ D） Heavy equipment mechanics. 19 Wijngaard
14、en will further focus his research on whether （ A） there is a definite relationship between high levels of lead and death. （ B） the patients with brain tumors have higher levels of lead in their bones. （ C） some workers have higher risks of developing brain cancers than others. （ D） higher levels of
15、 lead have a long-term effect on children over a lifetime. 20 All of the following are measures suggested by Bush EXCEPT （ A） developing and utilizing new sources of energy. （ B） reducing taxes on the working people of the US. （ C） encouraging to design and create new types of vehicles. （ D） cutting
16、 down US oil imports from certain countries. 20 “Leave him alone“ I yelled as I walked out of the orphanage gate and saw several of the Spring Park School bullies pushing the deaf kid around. I did not know the boy at all but I knew that we were about the same age, because of his size. He lived in t
17、he old white house across the street from the orphanage where I lived. I had seen him on his front porch several times doing absolutely nothing, except just sitting there making funny like hand movements. In the summer time we didnt get much to eat for Sunday supper, except watermelon and then we ha
18、d to eat it outside behind the dining room so we would not make a mess on the tables inside. About the only time that I would see him was through the high chain-link fence that surrounded the orphanage when we ate our watermelon outside. The deaf kid started making all kinds of hand signals, real fa
19、st like. “You are a stupid idiot!“ said the bigger of the two bullies as he pushed the boy down on the ground. The other bully ran around behind the boy and kicked him as hard as he could in the back. Tile deaf boys body started shaking all over and he curled up in a ball trying to shield and hide h
20、is face. He looked like he was trying to cry, or something but he just couldnt make any sounds. I ran as fast as I could back through the orphanage gate and into the thick azalea bushes. I uncovered my home-made bow which I had constructed out of bamboo and string. I grabbed four arrows that were al
21、so made of bamboo and they had Coca Cola tops bent around the ends to make real sharp tips. Then I ran back out of the gate with an arrow cocked in the bow and I just stood there quiet like, breathing real hard just daring either one of them to kick or touch the boy again. “Youre a dumb freak just l
22、ike him, you big eared creep!“ said one of the boys as he grabbed his friend and backed off far enough so that the arrow would not hit them. “If youre so brave kick him again now,“ I said, shaking like a leaf. The bigger of the two bullies ran up and kicked the deaf boy in the middle of his back as
23、hard as he could and then he ran out of arrow range again. The boy jerked about and then made a sound that I will never forget for as long as I live. It was the sound like a whale makes when it has been harpooned and knows that it is about to die. I fired all four of my arrows at the two bullies as
24、they ran away laughing about what they had done. I pulled the boy up off the ground and helped him back to his house which was about two blocks down the street from the school building. The boy made one of those hand signs at me as I was about to leave. I asked his sister “If your brother is so smar
25、t then why is he doing things like that with his hands?“ She told me that he was saying that he loved me with his hands. Almost every Sunday for the next year or two I could see the boy through the chain-link fence as we ate watermelon outside behind the dining room, during the summer time. He alway
26、s made that same funny hand sign at me and I would just wave back at him, not knowing what else to do. On my very last day in the orphanage I was being chased by the police. They told me that I was being sent off to the Florida School for Boys Reform School at Marianna so I ran to get away from them
27、. They chased me around the dining room building several times and finally I made a dash for the chain-link fence and tried to climb over in order to escape. I saw the deaf boy sitting there on his porch just looking at me as they pulled me down from the fence and handcuffed me. The boy, now about t
28、welve jumped up and ran across San Diego Road, placed his fingers through the chain-link fence and just stood there looking at us. They dragged me by my legs, screaming and yelling for more than several hundred yards through the dirt and pine-straw to the waiting police car. All I could hear the ent
29、ire time was the high pitched sound of that whale being harpooned again. 21 It can be inferred that the deaf boys life in the orphanage was （ A） simple and tranquil. （ B） monotonous and hard. （ C） quiet and enigmatic. （ D） boisterous and hard. 22 It can be inferred from the passage that the author w
30、as all EXCEPT （ A） compassionate. （ B） dauntless. （ C） docile. （ D） dexterous. 23 The author was _ when he tried to protect the deaf kid against the two bullies. （ A） about ten years old （ B） not quite about ten （ C） in his late teens （ D） in his twenties 24 The best title for the passage is probabl
31、y （ A） The Wretched Life. （ B） The Orphanage Bullies. （ C） The Deaf Kid. （ D） The Whale Sound. 24 In 1981 Kenji Urada, a 37-year-old Japanese factory worker, climbed over a safety fence at a Kawasaki plant to carry out some maintenance work on a robot. In his haste, he failed to switch the robot off
32、 properly. Unable to sense him, the robots powerful hydraulic arm kept on working and accidentally pushed the engineer into a grinding machine. His death made Urada the first recorded victim to die at the hands of a robot. This astounding industrial accident would not have happened in a world in whi
33、ch robot behavior was governed by the Three Laws of Robotics drawn up by Isaac Asimov, a science fiction writer. The laws appeared in I, Robot, a book of short stories published in 1950 that inspired a Hollywood film. But decades later the laws, designed to prevent robots from harming people either
34、through action or inaction, remain in the realm of fiction. With robots now poised to emerge from their industrial cages and to move into homes and workplaces, roboticists are concerned about the safety implications beyond the factory floor. To address these concerns, leading robot experts have come
35、 together to try to find ways to prevent robots from harming people. “Security, safety and sex are the big concerns,“ says Henrik Christensen, chairman of the European Robotics Network at the Swedish Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm, and one of the organisers of the new roboethics group. S
36、hould robots that are strong enough or heavy enough to crush people be allowed into homes? Should robotic sex dolls resembling children be legally allowed? These questions may seem esoteric but in the next few years they will become increasingly relevant, says Dr. Christensen. According to the Unite
37、d Nations Economic Commission for Europes World Robotics Survey, in 2002 the number of domestic and service robots more than tripled, nearly outstripping their industrial counterparts. Japanese industrial firms are racing to build humanoid robots to act as domestic helpers for the elderly, and South
38、 Korea has set a goal that 100% of households should have domestic robots by 2020. In light of all this, it is crucial that we start to think about safety and ethical guidelines now, says Dr. Christensen. So what exactly is being done to protect us from these mechanical menaces? “Not enough,“ says B
39、lay Whitby, an artificial-intelligence expert at the University of Sussex in England. This is hardly surprising given that the field of “safety-critical computing“ is barely a decade old, he says. But things are changing, and researchers are increasingly taking an interest in trying to make robots s
40、afer. One approach, which sounds simple enough, is to try to program them to avoid contact with people altogether. But this is much harder than it sounds. Getting a robot to navigate across a cluttered room is difficult enough without having to take into account what its various limbs or appendages
41、might bump into along the way. Regulating the behavior of robots is going to become more difficult in the future, since they will increasingly have self-learning mechanisms built into them, says Gianmarco Veruggio, a roboticist at the Institute of Intelligent Systems for Automation in Genoa, Italy.
42、As a result, their behavior will become impossible to predict fully, he says, since they will not be behaving in predefined ways but will learn new behavior as they go. 25 The word “astounding“ in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to （ A） gullible. （ B） awesome. （ C） gruesome. （ D） stupendo
43、us. 26 It can be inferred from the second paragraph that （ A） Isaac Asimov will make new laws to replace the old ones. （ B） the Three Laws of Robotics have been invalidated. （ C） the book I, Robot was published in Hollywood. （ D） Isaac Asimov has shifted his attention to films. 27 According to the p
44、assage, domestic robots will （ A） he welcomed by housewives. （ B） surely go into every household. （ C） help people a lot with their housework. （ D） help people with manual and mental work. 28 Blay Whitby thinks that “safety-critical computing“ （ A） is in its infancy. （ B） has its heyday. （ C） underg
45、oes rapid development. （ D） can hardly be improved. 29 Which of the following statements is NOT true of robots? （ A） Its difficult to prevent robots from contacting people. （ B） The behavior of robots will be more unforeseeable. （ C） Robots in the future will Be more intelligent than those today. （
46、D） Programming robots through a cramped room is the most difficult task. 29 Britains east midlands were once the picture of English countryside, alive with flocks, shepherds, skylarks and buttercupsthe stuff of fairytales. In 1941 George Marsh left school at the age of 14 to work as a herdsman in No
47、ttinghamshire, the East Midlands countryside his parents and grandparents farmed. He recalls skylarks nesting in cereal fields, which when accidentally disturbed would fly singing into the sky. But in his lifetime, Marsh has seen the color and diversity of his native land fade. Farmers used to grow
48、about a ton of wheat per acre; now they grow four tons. Pesticides have killed off the insects upon which skylarks fed, and year-round harvesting has driven the birds from their winter nests. Skylarks are now rare. “Farmers kill anything that affects production, “says Marsh.“ Agriculture is too effi
49、cient.“ Anecdotal evidence of a looming crisis in biodiversity is now being reinforced by science. In their comprehensive surveys of plants, butterflies and birds over the past 20 to 40 years in Britain, ecologists Jeremy Thomas and Carly Stevens found significant population declines in a third of all native species. Butterflies are the furthest along71 percent of Britains 58 species are shrinking in number, and some, like the large blue and tortoiseshell, are already extinct. In Br
