1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 291及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 Theories of History . How much we know about history? A. Written records exist for only a fraction of man
3、s time B. The accuracy of these records is often (1), 【 1】 _ and details in them often needs improvement. . Reconstruction of history before writing A. being difficult because of the (2)of history to us 【 2】 _ B. the most that we can do is: use (3)【 3】 _ and the knowledge of the habits of animals. .
4、 Theories about history A. Objective: to (4)the beginning and 【 4】 _ deduce the end of mans story. B. One theory believes that man continually (5)【 5】 _ (6)must be more intelligent and civilized 【 6】 _ than his ancestors. Human race will evolve into a race of (7)【 7】 _ C. The second theory holds the
5、 mans history is like a (8)【 8】 _ of development. Modern man is not the most superior. Modem man may be inferior to members of (9)【 9】 _ D. The third theory: Human societies repeat a cycle of stages, but overall progress is (10)in the long historical perspective.【 10】 _ 1 【 1】 2 【 2】 3 【 3】 4 【 4】 5
6、 【 5】 6 【 6】 7 【 7】 8 【 8】 9 【 9】 10 【 10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer ea
7、ch of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 According to the interviewee Mrs, Sutter, the mason for limiting population is that _. （ A） population is directly related to consuming food and other resources which are being run out （ B） underdeveloped countries have great proble
8、ms in increasing productivity to produce more materials （ C） people are destroying living environment （ D） there is less space for people to live in 12 Why is it necessary to limit population even in Europe and America? （ A） They can save more to meet the needs of underdeveloped world. （ B） Europe a
9、nd America shouldnt shirk the responsibility of the whole world. （ C） The number of people in Europe and America is no less than that in underdeveloped world. （ D） Europe and America consume a far greater proportion of the worlds resources and food. 13 Under what circumstances is it possible to incr
10、ease population? （ A） We increase productivity and produce more food. （ B） We eat less food and use less material. （ C） We find another planet to live on. （ D） The developed world is willing to help the underdeveloped world. 14 Free birth control technique should be compulsory for all the people EXC
11、EPT _. （ A） upper-middle class people （ B） high IQ intelligentsia （ C） those who have less than 3 children （ D） those who have more than 3 children 15 What is this interview mainly about? （ A） The need to control population both in underdeveloped and developed world. （ B） How to control population i
12、n Europe. （ C） Scarcity of food in the world. （ D） Population and Environment. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the
13、 questions. 16 Which of the following statements about Kofi Annan is TRUE? （ A） He wanted the U. S. to stay aloof in the international community. （ B） He was nearing the end of his tenure. （ C） He has been the U. N. leader for five years. （ D） He has reached agreement with the Bush administration ov
14、er the Iraq war. 17 According to Annan, to solve the Iraq problem, its necessary to _. （ A） isolate Iran from the international community （ B） impose restrictions on Iraqi economy （ C） talk to Iran and Syria （ D） make Iran and Syria compromise 18 NASA will make all of the following accessible online
15、 EXCEPT _. （ A） real-time weather forecasting （ B） real-time tracking of the space shuttle （ C） 3D maps of the Mars （ D） 3D maps of the Earth 19 How much did Google spend on YouTube? （ A） $1,800,000,000. （ B） $18,000,000. （ C） $ 80,000,000,000. （ D） $ 80,000,000. 20 According to the news, Beckham is
16、 going to _. （ A） become the most glamorous footballer in the world （ B） become the highest paid footballer in the world （ C） have a brighter career future （ D） have a bigger challenge in his career 20 Survey results indicate that smoking and alcohol and marijuana use increased among residents of Ma
17、nhattan during the 5-8 weeks after the terrorist attacks on the World Trade Centre which took place on September 11,2001. Almost one third of the nearly 1,000 persons interviewed reported an increased use of alcohol, marijuana, or cigarettes following the September 11th attacks. The largest increase
18、 was in alcohol use. About one fourth of the respondents said they were drinking more alcohol in the weeks after September 11; about 10% re-ported an increase in smoking, and 3.2% said they had increased their use of marijuana. The investigators found survey participants by randomly dialing New York
19、 City phone numbers and screened potential respondents for Manhattan residents living in areas close to the World Trade Centre. Interviews were conducted with 988 individuals between October 16 and November 15,2001. Participants were asked about their cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking, and marijua
20、na use habits before and after September 11. During the week prior to September 11,2001, 22.6% of the participants reported smoking , cigarettes 59.1% drinking alcohol, and 4.4% using marijuana. After September 11th, 23.4% reported smoking cigarettes, 64.4% drinking alcohol, and 5.7% smoking marijua
21、na. Among those who smoked, almost 10% reported smoking at least an extra pack of cigarettes a week and among those who drank alcohol, more than 20% reported imbibing at least one extra drink a day. The researchers found that people who reported an increase in substance abuse were more likely to suf
22、fer from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and from depression. People who reported an increase in cigarette smoking or marijuana use were also more likely to have both PTSD and depression, while those who reported an increase in alcohol use were more likely to have depression only. Persons who
23、were living closer to the World Trade Centre were more likely to increase their cigarette smoking, but other factors such as being displaced from home, losing possessions during the attacks, or being involved in the rescue efforts were not consistently associated with increased substance use. Sympto
24、ms of panic attack were associated with an increase in the use of all substances. Increase in substance abuse did not differ significantly between men and women or among racial or ethnic groups. Demographic factors such as age, marital status, and income seemed to play a more critical role in determ
25、ining if the events of September 11th led to an increase in substance use. 21 The survey results suggest that the largest increase in substance use was _ . （ A） alcohol （ B） marijuana （ C） cigarettes （ D） cocaine 22 The survey participants were _ . （ A） randomly selected United States citizens （ B）
26、randomly selected New York City citizens （ C） randomly selected Manhattan residents who live close to the World Trade Center （ D） randomly selected American citizens who witnessed the terrorist attack 23 The author is trying to show that _ . （ A） use of substances may vary from time to time （ B） abu
27、se of certain substances is harmful for health （ C） the attack of September 11th has left incurable harm to peoples mental health （ D） terrorist attack increases anxiety and sense of insecurity among residents 24 What can be said about substance abuse after September 11th? （ A） People who reported a
28、n increase in alcohol use were more likely to have PTSD （ B） People who were living closer to World Trade Center were most likely to increase cigarette smoking. （ C） Displacement from home and involvement in rescue efforts were consistently associated with increased substance use. （ D） Symptoms of p
29、anic attack were unrelated with increased use of substances. 25 What can be inferred from the last paragraph? （ A） Demographic information such as gender, race and marital status was not collected. （ B） Gender and race do not have much effect on the amount of substance abuse. （ C） Age and marital st
30、atus do not make any difference on substance abuse. （ D） Income is a better predictor of substance abuse than age. 25 Among the many ways in which people communicate through speech, public speaking has probably received more study and attracted more attention than any other. Politicians campaigning
31、for public office, sales-people presenting products, and preachers delivering sermons all depend upon this form of public communication. Even people who do not make speaking a part of their daily work are often asked to make public speeches: students at graduation, for instance, or members of church
32、es, clubs, or other organizations. Nearly every-one speaks in public at some time or other, and those who perform the task well often become leaders. There are many masons for speaking in public. A public speaker may hope to teach an audience about new ideas, for example, or provide information abou
33、t some topic. Creating a good feeling or entertaining an audience may be another purpose. Public speakers, however, most often seek to persuade an audience to adopt new opinions, to take certain actions, or to see the world in a new way. Public speakers usually know well in advance when they are sch
34、eduled to make an address. Consequent-ly, they are able to prepare their message before they deliver it. Sometimes, though, speakers must deliver the message unprepared, or off the cuff, such as when they are asked to offer a toast at a wedding reception or to participate in a televised debate or in
35、terview. When they do not have to speak unprepared, most speakers write their own speeches. Politicians and business executives sometimes employ professional writers who prepare their speeches for them. These professional writers may work alone or in small teams. Although the speaker may have some i
36、nput into the contents of the speech, the writers sometimes have a great influence over the opinions expressed by their employers. Regardless of how a speech is prepared, the person who delivers it is given credit for its effect upon its hearers. 26 Public speaking is well known to the average peopl
37、e because _ . （ A） most of them have been trained as public speakers （ B） such activities are prevalent in the society （ C） most of them have to do it when they study at college （ D） the passage does not mention the reason 27 Which of the following is rarely the purpose of public speaking? （ A） To i
38、nfluence people s ideas and behaviour. （ B） To enjoy the satisfaction from ones own speech. （ C） To persuade the audience to accept an idea. （ D） To promote public interest. 28 In Paragraph 3, the expression “deliver the message.off the cuff“ means _ . （ A） speak at a large reception （ B） speak on t
39、elevision （ C） speak according to the schedule （ D） speak without preparation 29 Often the speech prepared by a professional writer for a boss _ . （ A） is very professional and tactful （ B） expresses the writers idea of the matter （ C） expresses the boss s idea of the matter （ D） expresses the ideas
40、 of both 30 No matter who writes a speech, the audience _ . （ A） believe it expressed the speakers idea （ B） know very well who the speaker is （ C） know whose idea the speech really expresses （ D） do not believe what the speaker says 30 Legends about King Arthur have existed since the 6th century. S
41、tories of the man and his doings have grown far beyond anything that could be regarded as factual history. Here are some of the highlights. Arthur was born as a result of the wizardry of Merlin, who arranged all adulterous liaison between Arthurs father, King Uther Pendragon, and his lover, a marrie
42、d duchess. Merlin agreed to do this only if the lovers allowed him to bring up the child born of the affair. When Uther Pendragon died some years later, there was confusion in the kingdom about who should inherit the throne. Merlin arranged a pageant where many knights came to try their luck at pull
43、ing a sword out of a stone. Whoever successfully extracted the blade was the rightful king. After many a brave knight had tried and failed, Merlin presented the young Arthur who, to everyones surprise, easily pulled out the sword. As king, Arthur established the knightly fellowship of the Round Tabl
44、e at his castle of Camelot, so appear all the other chivalrous knights associated with the king. The knights of the Round Table spent much of their time on the quest for the Holy Grail. The Grail is the cup used by Jesus at the Last Supper, which was allegedly brought to Britain, then somehow lost.
45、It is notoriously hard to get hold of, as finding it requires an almost superhuman degree of moral purity. At last it was the true gentleman Sir Galahad who eventually found it and set off to return it to its rightful place in the Holy Land. Arthurs death is a matter of some debate. According to leg
46、end, one of Arthurs less intelligent moves was his decision to marry the Lady Guinevere, who fell in love with Sir Lancelot, and their adultery led to war among the knights of the Round Table, culminating in the Battle of Camlan and Arthurs mortal woound. After the Battle of Catalan the wounded king
47、 was taken to the mysterious isle of Avalon ruled by his sister Morgan Le Faye. She, being skilled in the arts of witchcraft and healing, was apparently meant to cure him. But evidently Arthur thought he had little chance, because he gave his sword, Excalibur, to Sir Bedivere to return to the Lady o
48、f the Lake, an enigmatic character from whom Arthur had originally received the blade. Bedivere hurled the sword over the water, where a spooky hand appeared from the lake to catch it, waved it around for a while and then carried it down to the murky depths where, who knows, perhaps it still lies. A
49、s for Arthur, we can only conclude that his sister wasnt such a good doctor. 31 The passage is mainly about _ . （ A） a brief history of King Arthur （ B） the story of the Round Table Knights （ C） a legendary life of King Arthur （ D） the death of King Arthur 32 Arthur became the king because _ . （ A） he was the old kings only son （ B） he was supported by many brave knights （ C） he was the strongest man in the kingdom （ D） he pull
