1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 294及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 Travelling in the Jungle There are a lot of difficulties to travel in the jungle country which seems 【 1】
3、 _ 【 1】 _ to man, but with right equipments and knowledge, it is not imlpossible to 【 2】 _ in 【 2】 _ it. The following are several tips: 1. Right equipment: a compass is an instrument which helps you to find the 【 3】_ , 【 3】 _ since it is very easy to get hopelessly lost in a jungle 【 4】 _ after lea
4、viog a known 【 4】 _ landmark. Whenever possible, you may 【 5】 _ streams and rivers that are going in 【 5】 _ your general direction, which may cause your many extra miles of travel, but will 【 6】 _ time and energy in the end. 【 6】 _ 2. Right kind of clothing 【 7】 _ will be with you all the time, so y
5、ou should never 【 7】 _ wear shorts in the jungle. Your legs must be covered by trousers. 3. Learn the knowledge about the jungle: find water that is 【 8】 _ to drink. The 【 8】 _ best way to be sure of having enough food in the jungle is to learn 【 9】 _ what 【 9】 _ plants provide food. If you havent h
6、ad a chance to do this, watch what kinds of fruits and nuts the birds and monkey choose, which is safe for a man to eat. Surviving in a jungle is a matter of 【 10】 _ . Learn more about what to expect 【 10】 _ in the jungle and you can manage to live off in a jungle. Please move on to Section B Interv
7、iew. 1 【 1】 2 【 2】 3 【 3】 4 【 4】 5 【 5】 6 【 6】 7 【 7】 8 【 8】 9 【 9】 10 【 10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you wil
8、l be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 The interview is mainly a discussion concerning （ A） men and position. （ B） men and property. （ C） women and inheritance. （ D） women and property. 12 According to the interview, what is called prope
9、rty grabbing? （ A） The husbands property is taken by his relatives. （ B） The husbands property is taken by the government. （ C） The husbands property is taken by robbers. （ D） The husbands property is taken by his wife. 13 The women dont do anything to prevent property grabbing because （ A） the law
10、is against them. （ B） they dont know that they have rights to keep property. （ C） the law is for them. （ D） they dont want to damage the relationship with their husbands relatives. 14 According to the interview, the way of preventing property grabbing for a woman is to （ A） learn more about the inhe
11、ritance law. （ B） quarrel with her husbands relatives for her property fiercely. （ C） ask her relatives to put her husbands relatives into prison. （ D） go to Mrs Mutwa for assistance. 15 Which of the following is not Mrs Mutwas recommendation? （ A） Making a will with the husband. （ B） Registering yo
12、ur home. （ C） Getting legal advice from a lawyer. （ D） Donating the property. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the
13、questions. 16 The protest near Seoul was _. （ A） effective （ B） in vain （ C） violent （ D） under control 17 The free trade talks will _. （ A） achieve expected results （ B） last another 3 years （ C） resume in December （ D） come to an end next year 18 A collapse of Iraq government may lead to all of th
14、e following EXCEPT _. （ A） chaos in the region （ B） stronger radical Islamic extremists （ C） Irans gaining new recruits （ D） Irans pursuing nuclear weapons openly 19 What do Democratic and Republican Senators think of President Bushs decision to send troops to Iraq? （ A） They both support it. （ B） T
15、hey both oppose it. （ C） They both remain neutral to it. （ D） They have different views towards it. 20 At the night of the murder, former president Amin Gemayel urged Lebanese to _. （ A） pray （ B） revenge （ C） criticize （ D） protest 20 Before a big exam, a sound nights sleep will do you more good th
16、an poring over textbooks. That, at least, is the folk wisdom. And science, in the form of behavioral psychology, supports that wisdom. But such behavioral studies cannot distinguish between two competing theories of why sleep is good for the memory. One says that sleep is when permanent memories for
17、m. The other says that they are actually formed during the day, but then “edited at night, to flush away what is superfluous. To tell the difference, it is necessary to look into the brain of a sleeping person, and that is hard. But after a decade of painstaking work, a team led by Pierre Maquet at
18、Liege University in Belgium has managed to do it. The particular stage of sleep in which the Belgian group is interested in is rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, when brain and body are active, heart rate and blood pressure increase, the eyes move back and forth behind the eyelids as ff watching a movi
19、e, and brainwave traces resemble those of wakefulness. It is during this period of sleep that people are most likely to relive events of the previous day in dreams. Dr. Maquet used an electronic device called PET to study the brains of people as they practiced a task during the day, and as they slep
20、t during the following night. The task required them to press a button as fast as possible, in response to a light coming on in one of six positions. As they learnt how to do this, their response times got faster. What they did not know was that the appearance of the lights sometimes followed a patt
21、ern-what is referred to as “artificial grammar“. Yet the reductions in response time showed that they learnt faster when the pattern was present than when there was not. What is more, those with more to learn (i. e., the “grammar“, as well as the mechanical task of pushing the button) have more acti
22、ve brains. The “editing“ theory would not predict that, since the number of irrelevant stimuli would be the same in each case. And to eliminate any doubts that the experimental subjects were learning as opposed to unlearning, their response times when they woke up were even quicker than when they we
23、nt to sleep. The team, therefore, concluded that the nerve connections involved in memory are reinforced through reactivation during REM sleep, particularly if the brain detects an inherent structure in the material being learnt. So now, on the eve of that crucial test, maths students can sleep soun
24、dly in the knowledge that what they will remember the next day are the basic rules of algebra and not the incoherent talk from the radio next door. 21 Researchers in behavioral psychology are divided with regard to _ . （ A） how dreams are modified in their courses （ B） the difference between sleep a
25、nd wakefulness （ C） why sleep is of great benefit to memory （ D） the functions of a good nights sleep 22 As manifested in the experimental study, rapid eye movement is characterized by _ . （ A） intensely active brainwave traces （ B） subjects quicker response times （ C） complicated memory patterns （
26、D） revival of events in the previous day 23 By referring to the artificial grammar, the author intends to show _ . （ A） its significance in the study （ B） an inherent pattern being learnt （ C） its resemblance to the lights （ D） the importance of nights sleep 24 In their study, researchers led by Pie
27、rre Maquet took advantage of the technique of _ . （ A） exposing a long-held folk wisdom （ B） clarifying the predictions on dreams （ C） making contrasts and comparisons （ D） correlating effects with their causes 25 What advice might Maquet give to those who have a crucial test the next day? （ A） Memo
28、rizing grammar with great efforts. （ B） Study textbooks with close attention. （ C） Have their brain images recorded. （ D） Enjoy their sleep at night soundly. 25 The Food and Drug Administration said Wednesday that it is trying to track down as many as 386 piglets that may have been genetically engin
29、eered and wrongfully sold into the U.S. food supply. The focus of the FDA investigation is pigs raised by researchers at the University of Illinois in Urbana Champaign. They engineered the animals with two genes: One is a cow gene that increases milk production in the sow. The other, a synthetic gen
30、e, makes the milk easier for piglets to digest. The goal was to raise bigger pigs faster. There has been no evidence that either genetically altered plants or animals actually trigger human illness, but critics warn that potential side effects remain unknown. University officials say their tests sho
31、wed the piglets were not born with the altered genes, but FDA rules require even the offspring of genetically engineered animals to be destroyed so they don t get into the food supply. The FDA, in a quickly arranged news conference Wednesday prompted by inquiries by USA TODAY, said the University of
32、 Illinois will face possible sanctions and fines for selling the piglets to a livestock broker, who in turn sells to processing plants. Both the FDA and the university say the pigs that entered the market do not pose a risk to consumers. But the investigation follows action by the U.S. Department of
33、 Agriculture in December to fine a Texas company that contaminated 500,000 bushels of soybeans with com that had been genetically altered to produce a vaccine for pigs. Critics see such cases as evidence of the need for more government oversight of a burgeoning area of scientific research. “This is
34、a small incident, but its incident like this that could destroy consumer confidence and export confidence,“ says Stephanie Childs of the Grocery Manufacturers of America. “We already have Europe shaky on biotech. The countries to whom we export are going to look at this.“ The University of Illinois
35、says it tested the DNA of every piglet eight times to make sure that the animal hadnt inherited the genetic engineering of its mother. Those piglets that did were put back into the study. Those that didn t were sold to the pig broker. “Any pig who s tested negative for the genes since 1999 has been
36、sent off to market,“ says Charles Zukoski, vice chancellor for research. But FDA deputy commissioner Lester Crawford says that under the terms of the universitys agreement with the FDA, the researchers were forbidden to remove the piglets without FDA approval. “The University of Illinois failed to c
37、heck with FDA to see whether or not the animals could be sold on the open market. And they were not to he used under any circumstance for food.“ The FDA is responsible for regulating and overseeing transgenic animals because such genetic manipulation is considered an unapproved animal drug. 26 The 3
38、86 piglets wrongfully sold into food supply are from _ . （ A） Europe （ B） an American research organization （ C） a meat processing plant （ D） an animal farm 27 The purpose of the transgenic engineering research is to _ . （ A） get pigs of larger size in a shorter time （ B） make sows produce more milk
39、 （ C） make cows produce more milk （ D） make pigs grow more lean meat 28 The 4th paragraph shows that the University of Illinois _ . （ A） was criticized by the FDA （ B） is in great trouble （ C） IS required by the FDA to call back the sold piglets （ D） may have to pay the penalty 29 The FDA declares t
40、hat the wrongfully sold piglets _ . （ A） may have side effects on consumers （ B） may be harmful to consumers （ C） are safe to consumers （ D） may cause human illness 30 It can be inferred from this passage that _ . （ A） all the offspring have their mothers genetic engineering （ B） part of the offspri
41、ng have their mothers genetic engineering （ C） none of the offspring have their mothers genetic engineering （ D） half of the offspring have their mothers genetic engineering 30 The study of philosophies should make our own ideas flexible. We are all of us apt to take certain general ideas for grante
42、d, and call them common sense. We should learn that other people have held quite different ideas, and that our own have started as very original guesses of philosophers. A scientist is apt to think that all the problems of philosophy will ultimately be solved by science. I think this is true for a g
43、reat many of the questions on which philosophers still argue. For example, Plato thought that when we saw something, one ray of light came to it from the sun, and another from our eyes and that seeing was something like feeling with a stick. We now know that the light comes from the sun, and is refl
44、ected into our eyes. We don t know in much detail how the changes in our eyes give rise to sensation. But there is every reason to think that as we learn more about the physiology of the brain, we shall do so, and that the great philosophical problems about knowledge are going to be pretty fully cle
45、ared up. But if our descendants know the answers to these questions and others that perplex ns today, there will still be one field of which they do not know, namely the future. However exact our science, we cannot know it ns we know the past. Philosophy may be described as argument about things of
46、which we are ignorant. And where science gives us a hope of knowledge it is often reasonable to suspend judgment. That is one reason why Marx and Engels quite rightly wrote to many philosophical problems that interested their contemporaries. But we have got to prepare for the future, and we cannot d
47、o so rationally without some philosophy. Some people say we have only got to do the duties revealed in the past and laid down by religion, and god will look after the future. Other say that the world is a machine and the course of future events is certain, whatever efforts we may make. Marxists say
48、that the future depends on ourselves, even though we are part of the historical process. This philosophical view certainly does inspire people to very great achievements. Whether it is true or not, it is powerful guide to action. We need a philosophy, then, to help us to tackle the future. Agnostici
49、sm easily becomes an excuse for laziness and conservatism. Whether we adopt Marxism or any other philosophy, we cannot understand it with-out knowing something of how it developed. That is why knowledge of the history of philosophy is important to Marxists, even during the present critical days. 31 What is the main idea of this passage? （ A） The argument whether philosophy will ul
