1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 328及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 Cryptic Coloring Cryptic coloring is by far the commonest use of color in the struggle for existence. It
3、is employed for the purpose of attack as well as of defense, and may be either general or special. . General resemblance: Its especially common among the animal inhabiting some uniformly colored expanse of (1), such as an ocean or a desert: 【 1】 _. 1)Animals are often (2)by their transparent 【 2】 _.
4、 blue color or sandy appearance. 2)Equally diverse forms are defended by their sandy appearance. . Special resemblance: Its far commoner than general, and usually met with: 1)on the diversified surface of the earth; 2)on the shores; 3)in (3)water; 4)on the surface of the ocean. 【 3】 _. The (4)of col
5、oring, shape, and attitude produces a more 【 4】 _. or less exact resemblance to some one of (5)in the environment. 【 5】 _. . The attempts have been made along two lines for the (6)of these mast interesting and elaborate adaptations: 【 6】 _. 1)The first explans: Effect is a result of the direct influ
6、ence of the environment upon (7), or by the inherited effects of efforts and 【 7】 _. the (8)of parts. 【 8】 _. 2)The second believes: (9)produced the result and afterwards maintained it 【 9】 _. by the survival of the best concealed in each generation. In the present state of science, the only possibl
7、e hole of an interpretation (10)the theory of natural selection. 【 10】 _. 1 【 1】 2 【 2】 3 【 3】 4 【 4】 5 【 5】 6 【 6】 7 【 7】 8 【 8】 9 【 9】 10 【 10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions
8、1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 What makes David interested in South East Asia? （ A） The pretty divine place. （ B） Its wonderful past. （ C） Fantastic birds and r
9、eptiles. （ D） A great number of temples. 12 Which of the following statements about happiness is TRUE according to David? （ A） Happiness comes from ever going change. （ B） Happiness comes when you succeed in doing something. （ C） Happiness wears off when he finally comes back to England. （ D） Happin
10、ess stays even when he comes back to England. 13 What does David think is important if someone cares about making television or radio programs? （ A） Money. （ B） Enthusiasm. （ C） New challenge. （ D） Professional knowledge. 14 Which of the following statements about change is NOT mentioned by David? （
11、 A） Change can come from forces around you. （ B） Change can come from within yourself. （ C） Change can bring joy and satisfaction to you. （ D） Change sometimes can also let you down. 15 What can be inferred about Davids attitude toward change? （ A） Enthusiastic. （ B） Indifferent. （ C） Critical. （ D）
12、 Neutral. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 How many voters said they would vote for President Hug
13、o Chavez for a third term? （ A） 13% （ B） 27% （ C） 59% （ D） 69% 17 Which of the following is FALSE? （ A） A majority of Venezuelans believe Chavez handled government and foreign relations well. （ B） Chavez is regarded as the fiery opponent of President Bush. （ C） Chaves is perhaps Latin Americas meat
14、controversial leader. （ D） Chavez, the rightest president gained notoriety as an outspoken critic of the U.S. government. 18 Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the news? （ A） A Muslim extremist group bas claimed responsibility for the bombing on Monday. （ B） A Christian extremist
15、 group has claimed responsibility for the bombing on Monday. （ C） No one were injured when a bomb exploded on Monday. （ D） The bombing on Monday did not kill anyone. 19 When does General Wiranto plan to meet with Roman Catholic Bishop Carlos Belo? （ A） Monday. （ B） Wednesday. （ C） Saturday. （ D） Sun
16、day. 20 It can be inferred from the news that （ A） religious groups must be trouble-makers （ B） religious conflicts often cause social unrest （ C） religious conflicts often end easily （ D） religions centers are never targeted by other religious groups 20 On July 7th, I was traveling in London. I was
17、 having breakfast at a hotel very near Liverpool Street Station when the first explosion was detonated. Hearing the sirens and seeing Londons emergency personnel respond to the bombings brought back vivid memories of the events of Sept. 11, 2001. People have not forgotten Sept. 11, 2001. Americans c
18、an still recall exactly where they were and what they were doing on that fateful day. But its understandable that some remember it as historical fact, lacking the painful impact and immediacy they originally felt. If we allow a dimming of purposeto eliminate terrorismthese terrorist attacks in Londo
19、n serve as another chilling reminder that were still at war. Something constructive emerges from these tragic, horrible and unexplainable attacks. It is the message that we must remain vigilant in opposing an enemy who intentionally targets innocent civilians. Since Sept. 11, 2001, the civilized nat
20、ions of the world have remained mostly united in opposing these despicable, wanton acts of terror. We have had some great successes in that effort. We have arrested perpetrators and plotters, and we have foiled planned attacks. We have reduced the power and scope of those who despise freedom and dem
21、ocracy. The effort must continue. As we learned Thursdayand in Madrid and Balithe enemies of freedom have not lost their resolve. We must not lose ours. Ultimately, the only real defense from terrorist attacks is being able to find out about them in advance. Intelligence gathering has improved but n
22、eeds to be even stronger, including consistently improving human intelligence and patrol. Police and ordinary citizens must be alert and encouraged to convey information. Once a terrorist incident does occur, theres no such thing as a perfect response. By definition, a terrorist attack means people
23、are being hurt or killed. But by studying the response to past attacks, we can better prepare to handle those in the future. London is one of the most secure cities in the world, steeped in years of dealing with terrorism. The citys preparation and resolve was evident on Thursday. I am very impresse
24、d by Londons reaction to the bombings. Both the emergency personnel and the citizens seemed prepared. The first responders were rapid, well-directed, organized and professional, in accordance with obviously well-tested plans. As for the citizens, at least a dozen people told me in one way or another
25、, “We knew this was going to happen; it was just a question of when.“ That is not only a realistic assessment; it also is a mindset that just might save lives. Political, business and community leaders are sometimes reluctant to talk about terrorism or stage drills to prepare their response because
26、they dont want to frighten or upset people. But thats a mistake. People react to emergencies more effectively when theyre not shocked by them. Tony Blair and London Mayor Ken Livingstone have made preparedness a priority, and their efforts clearly paid off during Thursdays response to the attacks. T
27、heres another benefit to preparing for terrorism in advance. Part of the damage the terrorists hope to inflict is the emotional reaction in the wake of the destruction. The reason its called “terrorism“ is that they want fear and its debilitating effects to linger long after the smoke has cleared. B
28、y preparing citizens for the possibility of a terrorist attack, leaders can help minimize the emotional response in the wake of the destruction. Finally, Thursdays attacks demonstrate that we must remain committed to confronting and eliminating terrorism. There are those who assert that the efforts
29、to eliminate terror are somehow provoking the terrorists. That is wrong. The terrorists have been attacking innocent people long before Sept. 11, 2001, or the wars in Afghanistan or Iraq. Seeing Prime Minister Blair speak so forcefully, with President Bush, President Jacques Chirac and other world l
30、eaders right behind him; was encouraging. Lets remember the unity the world shared after the attacks of Sept. 11, 2001. Free nations can and will disagree. But let us always remember that free people must be steadfast and resilient in defending our way of life. 21 The terrorist attack in London conv
31、eys to us the message that （ A） people in London did not feel painful. （ B） we must be on the alert for terrorism. （ C） we should stay at home to avoid terrorism. （ D） the effort at anti-terrorism was in vain. 22 In the authors opinion, which of the following is NOT the success weve achieved in the
32、effort to fight againt terrorist attack? （ A） We have arrested perpetrators and plotters. （ B） We have prevented planned attacks. （ C） We have combated and eliminated terrorism. （ D） We have reduced the power and scope of terrorists. 23 According to the passage, which of the following is NOT the way
33、 to defend terrorist attacks? （ A） Improving human intelligence and patrol. （ B） Alerting police and citizens to terrorism. （ C） Finding out terrorists before they attack. （ D） Studying the response to past attacks. 24 The sentence “ steeped in years of dealing with terrorism“ in the 8th paragraph m
34、eans that （ A） London has been engaged in anti-terrorism for years. （ B） London hasnt witnessed terrorism for years. （ C） London has been targeted by terrorists for years. （ D） London has been soaked in terrorist attacks for years. 25 The citizens emotional response after the terrorist attack can be
35、 reduced by （ A） leaders good organization. （ B） preparing for terrorism in advance. （ C） escaping from the attack in time. （ D） confronting terrorism positively. 26 A suitable rifle for the passage would be （ A） July 7th Terrorist Attack in London. （ B） The war against terrorism. （ C） Terrorism aft
36、er Sept.11, 2001. （ D） Lessons from terrorist attack in London. 26 Researchers who picked up and analyzed wild chimp droppings said on Thursday they had shown how the AIDS virus originated in wild apes in Cameroon and then spread in humans across Africa and eventually the world. Their study, publish
37、ed in the journal Science, supports other studies that suggest people somehow caught the deadly human immunodeficiency ,virus (HIV) from chimpanzees, perhaps by killing and eating them. “It says that the chimpanzee group that gave rise to HIV this chimp community resides in Cameroon,“ said Beatrice
38、Hahn of the University of Alabama, who led the study. “But that doesnt mean the epidemic originated there because it didnt,“ Hahn, who has been studying the genetic origin of HIV for years, said in a telephone interview. “We actually know where the epidemic took off. The epidemic took off in Kinshas
39、a, in Brazzaville.“ Kinshasa is in the Democratic Republic Congo, formerly Zaire, and faces Brazzaville, in Congo, across the Congo River. Studies have traced HIV to a man who gave a blood sample in 1959 in Kinshasa, then called Leopoldville. Later analysis found the AIDS viros. In people, HIV leads
40、 to AIDS but chimps have a version called simian immune deficiency virus (SIV) that causes them no harm. Humans are the only animals naturally susceptible to HIV. AIDS was only identified 25 years ago. The virus now infects 40 million people around the world and has killed 25 million. Spread in bloo
41、d, sexual contact and from mother to child during birth or breastfeeding, HIV has no cure and there is no vaccine, although drug cocktails can control it. And like so many new infections, AIDS appears to have been passed to humans from animals they slaughtered. SIV has been found in captive chimps b
42、ut Hahn wanted to show it could be found in the wild too. Her international team got the cooperation of the government in Cameroon and they hired skilled trackers. “The chimps in that area are hunted. Its certainly impossible to see them. It is hard to track them and find these materials,“ she said.
43、 But the trackers managed to collect 599 samples of droppings. Hahns lab found DNA, identified each individual chimp and then found evidence of the virus. “We went to 10 field sites and we found evidence of infection in five. We were able to identify a total of 16 infected chimps and, we were able t
44、o get viral sequences from all of them,“ Hahn said. Up to 35 percent of the apes in some communities were infected. Not only that, they could find different varieties, called clades, of the virus. “We found some of the clades were really, really very closely related to the human virus and others wer
45、e not,“ she said. Chimps separated by a fiver were infected with different clades, Hahn said. And a river may have carded the virus into the human population. “So how do you get from southern Cameroon to the Democratic Republic of Congo?“ Hahn asked. “Some human must have done so. There is a river t
46、hat goes from that southeastern comer of Cameroon down to the Congo River.“ Ivory and hardwood traders used the Sangha River in the 1930s, when the original to-human transmission is believed to have happened. Hahas study suggests the virus passed from chimpanzees to people more than once. “We dont r
47、eally know how these transmissions occurred,“ Hahn said. “We know that you dont get it potting a chimp, or from a toilet seat, just like you cant get HIV from a toilet seat. It requires exposure to infected blood and infected body fluids. So if you get bitten by an angry chimp while you are hunting
48、it, which could do it.“ Hahns study only applies the H1V group M, which is the main strain of the virus responsible for the AIDS pandemic. “Its quite possible that still other (chimpanzee SIV) lineages exist that could pose risks for human infection and prove problematic for HIV diagnostic and vacci
49、nes,“ her team wrote. 27 According to Hahn, the HIV epidemic originated in （ A） Cameroon. （ B） Kinshasa and Brazzaville. （ C） Congo River. （ D） Nile River. 28 From the description in the passage, we learn that （ A） monkeys are also susceptible to HIV. （ B） AIDS has killed 25 million people in the last 25 years. （ C） vaccine has been developed to prevent aids. （ D） AIDS can be cured by drug cocktails. 29 Accord
