1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 329及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 Many articles and books have been written in recent years about culture in organizations, usually referre
3、d to as “Corporate Culture“. . Maintaining corporate culture 1)Hewlett-Packard corporate culture: 【 1】 _ for others, a sense of community, and plain hard work maintenance of corporate culture: through extensive training of managers and employees 2)Southwest Airlines zealous about hiring: looking for
4、 a particular type of person, regardless of 【 2】_ to spend a lot of time and communicate with employees in a variety of ways and a large part of it is 【 3】 _ . Diversity of corporate culture Five continuums of cultures according to the Hofstede Cultural Orientation Model 1)Individual vs. (4)Orientat
5、ion 2)Power-distance Orientation 3)【 5】 _ Orientation 4)Dominant-Values Orientation 5)【 6】 _ Orientation . Change of corporate culture 1)To reengineer themselves: change to 【 7】 _ orientation common and 【 8】 _ goals organizational commitment role clarity among team members team leadership mutual acc
6、ountability with the team complementary knowledge and skills reinforcement of required behavioral competencies power ( veal and perceived) shared rewards 2)Increasing importance of corporate culture: result of several recent developments employees: to be more responsible and think like 【 9】 _ ; expe
7、cted to always be “on-call“ companies: giving employees more flexible work schedules; filling employees need to belong to【 10】 _ 1 【 1】 2 【 2】 3 【 3】 4 【 4】 5 【 5】 6 【 6】 7 【 7】 8 【 8】 9 【 9】 10 【 10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefull
8、y and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 In his research, what did Charles Andrews find about training in small fir
9、ms? （ A） They spend too little on training. （ B） They set aside a specific training budget. （ C） They receive state subsidies for training. （ D） They are unaware of their training expenses. 12 When calculating the cost of in-house training, many small firms do NOT include _. （ A） course fees （ B） ma
10、nagers time （ C） accountants costs （ D） travel expenses 13 What do the majority of small firms spend on training? （ A） Less than 1% of their payroll. （ B） 1-5 % of their annual payroll. （ C） 5-10% of their annual payroll. （ D） More than 1096 of their payroll. 14 Charles Andrews thinks that the best
11、training involves _. （ A） observing an expert do the job （ B） going on special training courses （ C） doing the job under supervision （ D） receiving package courses 15 Above all else, small businesses want training that _. （ A） will answer their short-term needs （ B） does not require immediate invest
12、ment （ C） will help their planning procedures （ D） focuses on both lung-term and short-term business needs SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be gi
13、ven 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 What is the main idea of the news item? （ A） Airlines plan to develop new operating procedures. （ B） The hardware installed in aircraft has been approved. （ C） UK Airlines will step up the training of cabin crew. （ D） The use of mobiles will soon be allowed
14、 on aircraft. 17 Which of the following is TRUE of NICEs latest advice on pregnant womens drinking? （ A） Its in contradiction to government advice. （ B） Its sufficiently supported by evidence. （ C） Its stricter than previous guidance. （ D） It advocates small daily amount of alcohol. 18 According to
15、the news, peer support schemes are aimed at （ A） encouraging new parents to breastfeed their babies. （ B） limiting alcohol consumption by pregnant women. （ C） imposing fines on expectant mothers who drink. （ D） providing solace to mothers addicted to alcohol. 19 What might happen in the accident on
16、Monday? （ A） An Egyptian was probably killed by the warning shots. （ B） Three boats all received two sets of wanting shots. （ C） All the small boats stopped immediately at the warning. （ D） No one died on one of the Egyptian small boats. 20 The Egyptian boat continued to approach the American ship p
17、robably because （ A） the Egyptians thought it was OK to approach military vessels. （ B） the ship was a civilian vessel and caused misunderstanding. （ C） the Egyptians did not understand the words of warning. （ D） no warning flare was fired by the U.S. navy on the ship. 20 The wave of job cuts sweepi
18、ng through the utility sector gathered pace yesterday with 800 more redundancies planned by two electricity groups joining forces in order to meet regulators price demands and improve efficiency. Trade unions expressed anger that the announcement by two foreign-owned utilities, London Electricity an
19、d Eastern Electricity, came during the period immediately before Christmas. They noted that it arrived on the back of nearly.1,300 other job losses in this sector since early October. Half of the 160,000 jobs in the electricity sector have gone since, privatization in 19881 More than 2,000 redundanc
20、ies have also been announced recently by water companies, and more are expected from United Utilities as they, too, seek to meet tougher regulatory targets. Not everyone in the industry is convinced that the current spate of job cuts in the utility sector is justified. One leading industry executive
21、, who wanted to remain anonymous, said: “I am very concerned that companies are using the regulators price cut as an excuse for carrying out general cuts that they have wanted to do for some time. It is causing disquiet among utilities customers.“ If regulatory approval is given London Electricity a
22、 unit of Electricite de France and Eastern Electricity, controlled by American conglomerate Texas Utilities, will form a joint venture from April 1, 2000, which will run their respective electricity distribution businesses. The companies will continue to compete on the supply and billing side of the
23、ir operations but hope the new alliance will be able to win third party business, whether in electricity or other sectors such as gas. The 800 job losses mean a quarter of the jobs affected by the joint venture will be lost within 18 months, and that the remaining positions will be dependant on the
24、general level of business activity. The two companies plan to achieve cost savings through fewer workers, having a single information system, smaller number of buildings and buying more in hulk. Phil Turbeville, chief executive of Texas Utilities TXS Europe subsidiary, said: “It is the responsible m
25、anagement response to the challenges of the tough price control while delivering further improvements in customer service.“ He added that customers would benefit because lower costs meant more money available for new investment, and denied that the decision could have been made at a better time or w
26、ould have been different if it had not been a foreign-owned group. “Whether we told staff just before Christmas or just after it would have been the same. There is no good time to make redundancies. As you can see from what Scottish-based utilities have been doing, this is nothing to do with Paris o
27、r Texas. It is just prudent management,“ Mr. Turbeville said. 21 The phrase “gathered pace“ in the first paragraph most probably refers to_. （ A） speeded up （ B） slowed down （ C） continued （ D） ended 22 From early October, about_people have lost their jobs in utility sector. （ A） 800 （ B） 160,000 （
28、C） 1,300 （ D） 2,100 23 When the author says that the remaining positions will be dependent on the general level of business activity, he implies that_. （ A） the remaining employers should undertake business activities （ B） the remaining employers will work hard for the company （ C） the remaining emp
29、loyers may lose their jobs in the future （ D） the remaining employers may get high wages 24 Phil Turbeville held that_. （ A） the announcement time is appropriate （ B） the situation can be different without a foreign-owned group （ C） the situation can be different without regulator price demand （ D）
30、the management Of the company should be further improved 24 Security concerns have prompted the federal departments of State and Homeland Security to tighten the process for issuing visas and to impose rigorous new monitoring procedures for many international students once they enter the United Stat
31、es. Colleges have struggled to comply with new reporting requirements and deal with admitted students whose entry into the country has been delayed by the new procedures. One result of these problems has been a renewed discussion of the presence of substantial numbers of international students on U.
32、S. campuses. Anecdotal reports suggest that the number of new international students entering the United States is declining. The downward trend is consistent with data on the number of student visas being issued by the State Department. Applications by Arab and Muslim men and those of any student s
33、eeking to study science had to be sent to Washington for review, and men from 25 countries identified as potential harbors for terrorism face new registration requirements once they enter the United States. These procedures led to long lines at U.S. consulates around the world and to many well-publi
34、cized situations in which students were unable to reach their intended campus in time for the opening of classes last autumn. One continuing problem, university officials say, is that U.S. consulates no longer routinely renew visas for international students whose visas expire while they are home fo
35、r vacations or other short visits. The issue of whether some students will continue to view the United States as a desirable place to study has also become a source of discussion. John Shull, college adviser at the Cairo American College, said, “We are seeing more of our students looking at non-U.S,
36、 universities.“ Lynch of Penn State said that his university is now getting “very few new students from the Middle Eastespecially males“. Stricter U.S. restrictions on foreign students studying in America and delays in processing visa requests appear to be doing part of the job for the British. Appl
37、ications to British universities from foreign students have surged in the last year, particularly from countries with predominantly Muslim populations. Among countries sending significant numbers of students to Britain, the biggest increases in applications were from Saudi Arabia. Education official
38、s did not provide reasons for this striking pattern. But some individual universities said there were indications that new U.S. regulations and stricter enforcement were playing at least some role. In Britain, students can also get an education in English, at internationally known universities, but
39、perhaps with a bit less hassle. Officials said that, while Britain did not impose new regulations on students seeking visas to study here, enforcement of existing rules and scrutiny of applications may have been stepped up. Admissions authorities say they have had more contact with the police, and t
40、hey are being more diligent about requiting students to leave the country once their visas expire. Still, either out of choice or necessity, some students apparently are finding Britain to be a more attractive option than the United States. 25 Why U.S. imposes so much on international students? （ A）
41、 Because the new reporting requirements demand so. （ B） There is a large number of international students on U.S. campuses. （ C） Because of its concern of civil security. （ D） There are too many students applying to study in U.S. 26 Which of the following statements is not true? （ A） There is a down
42、ward trend in the numbers of international students on U.S. campuses. （ B） The number of student visas being issued by the State Department is declining. （ C） Any student who is pursuing a degree of Arts in America don t have to be sent to Washington for review. （ D） There are still many people in t
43、he world who are applying to study in U.S. 27 Why the number of foreign students applying for entering British universities surged last year? （ A） Because U.S. imposes too much restrictions on foreign students. （ B） Because U.S. delays in processing visa requests. （ C） Because Britain does not impos
44、e new regulations on international students. （ D） All of the above. 28 The content of this passage can best be described as_. （ A） narrative （ B） descriptive （ C） expositive （ D） argumentative 29 The passage can best be titled as_. （ A） The Charm of Great Britain （ B） The Best Place for Foreign Stud
45、ents （ C） Foreign Students Turning Away From U.S. to Britain （ D） The Flow of International Students 29 “The Icarus Girl“ is the story of 8-year-old Jessamy Harrison, nicknamed Jess. The daughter of a Nigerian mother and an English father, she is a troubled child given to tantrums and uncontrollable
46、 screaming fits. She has no friends, hates school and is far happier sitting inside a cupboard or writing haiku alone in her bedroom. Quite naturally worded by all this, her mother decides that a change of scenery is in order, so she takes the family away from its home in England and back to Nigeria
47、 for a brief visit. Initially, Jess feels out of place there as well until she meets Titiola, a mysterious girl of exactly her own age, whom she calls TillyTilly. From the start, theres something not quite right about TillyTilly: she seems out of proportion. “Was she too tall and yet too . small at
48、the same time? Was her neck too long? Her fingers?” At first, she merely echoes Jesss words, but she soon develops into the friend and playmate Jess has never had. Together they have adventures: they manage to break into Jesss grandfathers locked study and then into an amusement park (also locked) w
49、here the gates magically swing open. All too quickly, though, the family returns from exotic Nigeria to prosaic England, where Jess is surrounded once again by bullying schoolmates, a hostile teacher and her hateful, doll-like blond cousin, Dulcie. Then, to Jesss joy, TillyTilly reappears, simply knocking on her door. They play together, go on a picnic, write a poem. But TillyTilly also formulates a plan to “get“ Jesss tormentors. The rea
