1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 338及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 Dangers of Using Computer Terminals Undoubtedly, the computer has greatly increased human beings working
3、capacity and intellectual capacity, but it also poses dangers to its users. The problems caused by the use of computers: a. more frequent incidence of abnormity during 【 1】 _ 【 1】 _ b. increased stress and 【 2】 _to vision, worsening short, sight 【 2】 _ and an itching of the face. To solve this probl
4、em, one should take a rest from time to time and place computers at a location where there is 【 3】 _ 【 3】_ light and something else to look at. c. constipation resulting from long periods of sedentary 【 4】 _ 【 4】 _ d. 【 5】 _due to crouching over an inconveniently positioned 【 5】 _ keyboard. e. a sen
5、se of 【 6】 _owing to having puzzled over a problem too 【 6】 _ long. Precautions computer users are advised to take: Firstly, to make sure that there is an alternative source of light from that of the 【 7】 _itself. 【 7】 _ Secondly, to rest their eyes frequently. In addition, to make sure the screen i
6、s properly 【 8】 _ 【 8】 _ Finally, to make sure that you are sitting in a comfortable position, to get up 【 9】 _and go out into the fresh air occasionally. Sitting still for 【 9】_ hours is likely to cause thrombosis and 【 10】 _ 【 10】 _ 1 【 1】 2 【 2】 3 【 3】 4 【 4】 5 【 5】 6 【 6】 7 【 7】 8 【 8】 9 【 9】 10
7、 【 10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.
8、Now listen to the interview. 11 What is essential for a good interviewer? （ A） Professional knowledge. （ B） Experience in the area. （ C） Curiosity about interviews. （ D） Enthusiasm about the job. 12 Why should Michael match the interview back to tell whether its been a good one? （ A） Because he isnt
9、 confident enough in himself. （ B） Because he usually is too indulged in the interview to be aware of his own performance. （ C） Because television interview is often more interesting than it actually is. （ D） Because television interview depends much on the way the director shoots it. 13 How does Mi
10、chael manage to bring out the best in people? （ A） By communicating with them in advance. （ B） By great sense of humor during the interview. （ C） By doing thorough research into them in advance. （ D） By asking thought-provoking questions. 14 Which of the following statements is TRUE about Michael wh
11、en he is doing interviews? （ A） He always sticks to his list of questions. （ B） He often finds interviewees talk about something that hes not really thought about. （ C） He sometimes lets the interviewee direct the flow of conversation. （ D） He doesnt have a list of questions at all. 15 What does Mic
12、hael think of a career as an interviewer? （ A） Its a good job for young people with talent, ambition and energy. （ B） Talent plays the most important role in the career. （ C） One has to pass several examinations to pursue a career as an interviewer. （ D） It sometimes can be very boring. SECTION C NE
13、WS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 Apple was the first to make popular _. （ A） Windows operating system （ B） a
14、graphical user interface （ C） the use of icons （ D） the use of personal computer 17 When did Apple started to sell shares to the public? （ A） In 1980. （ B） In 1984. （ C） In 1976. （ D） In 1986. 18 When did Apple released the first Macintosh? （ A） In 1981. （ B） In 1982. （ C） In 1984. （ D） In 1994. 19
15、According to the findings by the American researchers, what is of help in relieving patients pain and worry? （ A） Brain. （ B） Skin. （ C） Medicine. （ D） A sharp needle. 20 Magnetic resonance imaging devices can show _. （ A） dependence on illegal drugs （ B） targeted points on the body （ C） the change
16、in the flow of blood （ D） whether a patient can be treated by acupuncture 20 An ideal college should be a community, a place of close, natural, intimate association, not only of the young men who are its pupils and novices in various lines of study, but also of young men with older men, with veteran
17、s and professionals in the great undertaking of learning, of teachers with pupils, outside the classroom as well as inside it. No one is successfully educated within the walls of any particular classroom or laboratory or museum; and no amount of association, however close and familiar and delightful
18、, between mere beginners can ever produce the sort of enlightenment which the young lad gets when he first begins to catch the infection of learning. The trouble with most of our colleges nowadays is that the faculty of the college live one life and the undergraduates quite a different one. They con
19、stitute two communities. The life of the undergraduates is not touched with the personal influence of the teachers: life among the teachers is not touched by the personal impressions which should come from frequent and intimate contact with undergraduates. This separation need not exist, and, in the
20、 college of the ideal university, would not exist. It is perfectly possible to organize the life of our colleges in such a way that students and teachers alike will take part in it; in such a way that a perfectly natural daily intercourse will be established between them; and it is only by such an o
21、rganization that they can be given real vitality as places of serious training, be made communities in which youngsters will come fully to realize how interesting intellectual work is, how vital, how important, how closely associated with all modern achievement-only by such an organization that stud
22、y can be made to seem part of life itself. Lectures often seem very formal and empty things; recitations generally prove very dull and unrewarding. It is in conversation and natural intercourse with scholars chiefly that you find how lively knowledge is, how it ties into everything that is interesti
23、ng and important, how intimate a part it is of everything that is “practical“ and connected with the world. Men are not always made thoughtful by books; but they are generally made thoughtful by association with men who think. The present and most pressing problem of our university authorities is to
24、 bring about this vital association for the benefit of the novices of the university world, the undergraduates. Classroom methods are thorough enough; competent scholars already lecture and set tasks and superintend their performance; but the life of the average undergraduate outside the classroom a
25、nd other stated appointments with his instructors is not very much affected by his studies, and is entirely dissociated from intellectual interests. 21 An ideal college _. （ A） should have mature, experienced and professional men on its staff （ B） should be managed by experienced scholars （ C） shoul
26、d be managed by experienced scholars and energetic young men （ D） should see tight, harmonious connection between the experienced and the inexperienced 22 Successful education is the acquiring of knowledge from _. （ A） classrooms, laboratories and museums （ B） all sources available （ C） intimate ass
27、ociation between beginners （ D） experienced scholars 23 Beginners are not likely to get the sort of enlightenment mentioned in the passage from _. （ A） themselves （ B） books （ C） scholars （ D） experience 24 The teacher and the student do not understand each other much because _. （ A） they do not liv
28、e together （ B） they do not often try to exchange ideas, emotions and experiences （ C） they do not respect each others （ D） they have different standards of education 24 Joyce Carol Oates published her first collection of short stories By The North Gates, in 1962, two years after she had received he
29、r Masters degree from the University of Wisconsin and become an instructor of English at the University of Detroit. Her productivity since then has been prodigious, accumulating in less than two decades to nearly thirty titles, including novels, collections of short stories and verse, plays, and lit
30、erary criticism. In the meantime, she has continued to teach, moving in 1967 from the University of Detroit to the University of Windsor, in Ontario, and in 1978 to Princeton University. Reviewers have admired her enormous energy, but find a productivity of such magnitude difficult to assess. In a p
31、eriod characterized by the abandonment of so much of the realistic tradition by authors such as John Barth, Donald Barthelme, and Thomas Pynchon, Joyce Carol Oates has seemed at times determinedly old-fashioned in her insistence on the essentially mimetic quality of her fiction. Hers is a world of v
32、iolence, insanity, fractured love, and hopeless loneliness. Although some of it appears to come from her own observations, her dreams, and her fears. Much more is clearly form the experience of others. Her first novel, With Shuddering Fall (1964), dealt with stock car racing, though she had never se
33、en a race. In Them (1969) she focused on Detroit from the Depression through the riots of 1967, drawing much of her material from the Depression made on her by the problems of one of her students. Whatever the source and however shocking the events or the motivations, however, her fictive world rema
34、ins strikingly akin to that real one reflected in the daily newspapers, the television news and talk shows, and the popular magazines of our day. 25 Which of the following does the passage indicate about Joyce Carol Oates first publication? （ A） It was part of her MA thesis. （ B） It was a volume of
35、short fiction. （ C） It was not successful. （ D） It was about an English instructor in Detroit. 26 Which of the following does the passage suggest about Joyce Carol Oates in terms of her writing career? （ A） She has experienced long nonproductive periods in her writing. （ B） Her style is imitative of
36、 other contemporary authors. （ C） She has produced a surprising amount of fiction in a relatively short time. （ D） Most of her works are based on personal experience. 27 What was the subject of Joyce Carol Oates first novel? （ A） Loneliness. （ B） Insanity. （ C） Teaching. （ D） Racing. 28 Oates book T
37、hem is _. （ A） a typical novel of the 1960s （ B） her best piece of nonfiction （ C） a fictional work based on the experiences of another person （ D） an autobiography 28 People in the United States in the nineteenth century were haunted by the prospect that unprecedented change in the nations economy
38、would bring social chaos. In the years following 1820, after several decades of relative stability, the economy entered a period of sustained and extremely rapid growth that continued to the end of the nineteenth century. Accompanying that growth was a structural change that featured increasing econ
39、omic diversification and a gradual shift in the nations labor force from agriculture to manufacturing and other nonagricultural pursuits. Although the birth rate continued to decline from its high level of the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, the population roughly doubled every generation
40、 during the rest of the nineteenth century. As the population grew, its makeup also changed. Massive waves of immigration brought new ethnic groups into the country. Geographic and social mobility- downward as well as upward-touched almost everyone. Local studies indicate that nearly three-quarters
41、of the population in the North and South, in the emerging cities of the Northeast, and in the restless rural counties of the West changed their residence each decade. As a consequence, historian David Donald has written, “Social atomization affected every segment of society,“ and it seemed to many p
42、eople that “all the recognized values of orderly civilization were gradually being eroded.“ Rapid industrialization and increased geographic mobility in the nineteenth century had special implications for women because these changes tended to magnify social distinctions. As the roles men and women p
43、layed in society became more rapidly defined, so did the roles they played in the home. In the context of extreme competitiveness and dizzying social change, the household lost many of its earlier functions and the home came to serve as a haven of tranquility and order. As the size of families decre
44、ased, the roles of husband and wife became more clearly differentiated than ever before. In the middle class especially, men participated in the productive economy while women ruled the home and served as the custodians of civility and culture. The intimacy of marriage that was common in earlier per
45、iods was rent, and a gulf that at times seemed unbridgeable was created between husbands and wives. 29 What does the passage mainly discuss? （ A） The economic development of the United States in the eighteenth century. （ B） Ways in which economic development led to social changes in the United State
46、s. （ C） Population growth in the western United States. （ D） The increasing availability of industrial jobs for women in the Unites States. 30 According to the passage, as the nineteenth century progressed, the people of the United States_. （ A） emigrated to other countries （ B） often settled in the
47、 West （ C） tended to change the place in which they lived （ D） had a higher rate of birth than ever before 31 Which of the following best describes the society about which David Donald wrote? （ A） A highly conservative society that was resistant to new ideas. （ B） A society that was undergoing funda
48、mental change. （ C） A society that had been gradually changing since the early 1700s. （ D） A nomadic society that was starting permanent settlements. 32 The word “distinction“ in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to _. （ A） differences （ B） classes （ C） accomplishments （ D） characteristics 32 Man, s
49、o the truism goes, lives increasingly in a man-made environment. This places a special burden on human immaturity, for it is plain that adapting to such variable conditions must depend very heavily on opportunities for learning, or whatever the processes are that are operative during immaturity. It must also mean that during immaturity man must master knowledge and skills that are either stored in the gene pool or learn
