1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 352及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 The Commercialisation of Science and Technology Science and technology and the role of commercialisation
3、in that area are very interesting question. And its an issue which is going to be increasingly important, world wide. . An overview of the relationship between science 2) Another one only 1/10 ideas taken to the final【 7】 ; 【 7】 _ 3) The third one Most people cannot guarantee a【 8】 return on their 【
4、 8】 _ investment. . Companies and【 9】 ideas: 【 9】 _ 1) Because of various reasons, the technology would likely become outmoded; 2) Some companies【 10】 other specialized individuals or organisations 【 10】_ to do research on their behalf; 3) Governments need to encourage and facilitate the interaction
5、 of the domestic firms with overseas companies. 1 【 1】 2 【 2】 3 【 3】 4 【 4】 5 【 5】 6 【 6】 7 【 7】 8 【 8】 9 【 9】 10 【 10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an int
6、erview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 According to the interview, what is the unique feature of magazine The Worm of English? （ A） Its arrangement in the bilingual English-Chinese form and its
7、detailed explanatory notes. （ B） Its taste for people of all kinds of life. （ C） Its colorful pictures of the world. （ D） Its literary works. 12 What columns doesnt The Worm of English have? （ A） The literary world, the art circles, social science-economics. （ B） History and geography, science and t
8、echnology. （ C） Species and animal knowledgeable sketches. （ D） Selected readings in newspapers and periodicals, culture and education, words and sentences, translation exercises, etc. 13 Who are The Worm of Englishs target readers? （ A） People of comparatively higher levels. （ B） People consisting
9、largely of university students, postgraduates, English workers. （ C） Those who study English abroad. （ D） The lovers of English language. 14 Which of the following places didnt Mr. Chen stay? （ A） A greater part of Burma. （ B） Xiannin, Beijing and Shanghai. （ C） South Korea and many other countries
10、of Europe. （ D） Middle East and Southeast Africa. 15 In which year did The World of English begin to appear? （ A） In 1938. （ B） In 1945. （ C） In 1950. （ D） In 1981. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions
11、 that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 Who have taken part in discussions with the governor of Brazil Central Bank? （ A） Some representatives of the United States. （ B） The leaders of the countries which lent Brazil money. （ C） Representa
12、tives of the worlds important commercial banks. （ D） Representatives of those countries which have to pay huge foreign debts. 17 The price drop of crude oil is beneficial in that it （ A） helps to revitalize the world economy. （ B） promotes oil export to other nations. （ C） helps to push up the regio
13、nal economy. （ D） provides an opportunity to the oil exporters. 18 From the news, we can infer that those economic managers in Washington _ the recent state of crude markets. （ A） are pessimistic about （ B） are indifferent to （ C） have underestimated （ D） are in favor of 19 How many students were ki
14、lled in the gunshot? （ A） At least 8. （ B） More than 30. （ C） At least 120. （ D） Not mentioned. 20 Which of the following was NOT true according to the news? （ A） Israel is optimistic about U.S. -sponsored peace talks. （ B） The UN Security Council did not agree on a presidential statement condemning
15、 the Jerusalem attack. （ C） Spokesman of Israeli Foreign Ministry. said Israel would not tolerate terrorism. （ D） Witness said the gunman committed suicide after the killing. 20 Researchers investigating brain size and mental ability say their work offers evidence that education protects the mind fr
16、om the brains physical deterioration. It is known that the brain shrinks as the body ages, but the effects on mental ability are different from person to person. Interestingly, in a study of elderly men and women, those who had more education actually had more brain shrinkage. “That may seem like ba
17、d news,“ said study author Dr. Edward Coffey, a professor of psychiatry and of neurology at Henry Ford Health System in Detroit. However, he explained, the finding suggests that education allows people to withstand more brain-tissue loss before their mental functioning begins to break down. The stud
18、y, published in the July issue of Neurology, is the first to provide biological evidence to support a concept called the “reserve“ hypothesis, according to the researchers. In recent years, investigators have developed the idea that people who are more educated have greater cognitive reserves to dra
19、w upon as the brain tissue to spare. Examining brain scans of 320 healthy men and women ages 66 to 90, researchers found that for each year of education the subjects had, there was greater shrinkage of the outer layer of the brain known as the cortex. Yet on tests of cognition and memory, all partic
20、ipants scored in the range indicating normal. “Everyone has some degree of brain shrinkage,“ Coffey said. “People lose (on average) 2.5 percent per decade starting at adulthood.“ There is, however, a “remarkable range“ of shrinkage among people who show no signs no mental decline, Coffey noted. Over
21、all health, he said, accounts for some differences in brain size. Alcohol or drug use, as well as medical conditions such as diabetes and high blood pressure, contribute to brain-tissue loss throughout adulthood. In the absence of such medical conditions, Coffey said, education level helps explain t
22、he range of brain shrinkage exhibited among the mentally-fit elderly. The more-educated can withstand greater loss. Coffey and colleagues gauged shrinkage of the cortex by measuring the cerebrospinal fluid surrounding the brain. The greater the amount of fluid, the greater the cortical shrinkage. Co
23、ntrolling for the health factors that contribute to brain injury, the researchers found that education was related to the severity of brain shrinkage. For each year of education from first grade on, subjects had an average of 1.77 milliliters more cerebrospinal fluid around the brain. For example, C
24、offeys team reported, among subjects of the same sex and similar age and skull size, those with 16 years of education had 8 percent to 10 percent more cerebrospinal fluid compared with those who had four years of schooling. Of course, achieving a particular education level is not the definitive meas
25、ure of someones mental capacity. And, said Coffey, education can be “a proxy. for many things“. More-educated people, he noted, are often less likely to have habits, such as smoking, that harm overall health. But Coffey said that his teams findings suggest that like the body, the brain benefits from
26、 exercise. “The question is whether by continuing to exercise the brain we can forestall the effects of (brain shrinkage),“ he said. “My hunch is that we can.“ According to Coffey, people should strive throughout life to keep their brains alert by exposing themselves to new experiences. Travelling i
27、s one way to stimulate the brain, he said; a less adventuresome way is to do crossword puzzles. “A hot topic down the road,“ Coffey said, will be whether education even late in life has a protective effect against mental decline. Just how education might affect brain cells is unknown. In their repor
28、t, the researchers speculated that in people with more education, certain brain structures deeper than the cortex may stay intact to compensate for cortical shrinkage. 21 According to this passage, all of the following factors could account for brain shrinkage EXCEPT _. （ A） age （ B） education （ C）
29、health （ D） exercise 22 Which of the following statements is true? （ A） The brain of an adult person shrinks 2.5% every 10 years. （ B） The cerebrospinal fluid of a person with 8 years of education may have increased 17.7 milliliters. （ C） The cerebrospinal fluid of a person with 16 years of educatio
30、n may increase by 10%. （ D） The brain of an aged person shrinks 5% every 10 years. 23 What does Coffey mean, by saying “Education can be a proxy for many things“? （ A） Education decides the capacity of brain. （ B） Education is not the only elements that affect brain shrinkage. （ C） A lot of elements
31、 that affect health (including brain shrinkage) can be said to be education. （ D） More education always means less bad habits. 24 According to Coffeys research, the brain may benefit from _. （ A） running （ B） playing chess （ C） swimming （ D） playing football 25 From this passage, we can conclude tha
32、t _. （ A） education is beneficial to mental development （ B） education protects the brain from shrinking （ C） education has a protective effect against mental decline （ D） education affects overall brain structures 25 Children in the UK are not reading enough at home, favouring television and comput
33、er games instead, according to new research. The survey conducted earlier this month by Nestl Box Tops for Books, which asked parents about their childrens reading habits, found that half of UK children spend less than two hours reading per week. A further one in 10 had not read a book in the past m
34、onth, and of those who do read regularly, one in four avoid non- fiction titles. More than half of the parents surveyed believed their children should read more non-fiction books. “It is essential that young children read at least one book a week and, in particular, educational books,“ said family c
35、ounsellor Jenni Trent Hughes. But others believe such a stern approach to reading may not help children. “We can turn children off it by simply saying its something they must be doing,“ said Amelia Foster, who runs Reading Connects for the National Literacy Trust, an organisation that encourages rea
36、ding for pleasure to enhance classroom achievement. Ms Foster said the survey results might not give children enough credit. Previous studies have found that 75% of 11 to 18-year-olds enjoyed reading, and 83% read in their spare time. Past reading surveys have found distinct differences in the readi
37、ng habits of boys and girls. Girls tend to be more enthusiastic about reading in general, but particularly fiction (perhaps helping to explain why Jacqueline Wilson, author of Sleepovers and Bad Girls, is the most borrowed author from public libraries), while boys are drawn to books about a place, s
38、ubject, or hobby that interests them. Nicola Davies, author of Poo: A Natural History of the Unmentionable, said while working with underachieving boys she found they responded to non-fiction better than fiction. “You can get them to write poetry but they wont read it,“ she said. Ms Davies would lik
39、e to see childrens non-fiction take off in the way adult non-fiction has in recent years, thanks largely to titles like Longitude that employ strong narratives. This may encourage boys to read more, she said. “Theres a lot of really crap non-fiction out there. Its absolute paint by numbers, pile the
40、m high, and sell them cheap. But its not really addressing the issue. Non-fiction as it is cutting off a whole route into reading, especially for boys,“ added Ms Davies. But the consequences of these trends may run deeper. Some worry that steering clear of non-fiction may effect the development of a
41、 childs imagination, even going so far as to impact their future career choices. Nicola Jones credits her choice of studying zoology at university to her childhood Encyclopedia Britannica. “There was this fantastic bit in the back on transparencies of human bodies, and it absolutely fired my imagina
42、tion about the workings of the human body. Childrens imagination needs all sorts of fuel. And thats whats going to drive them, give them intrinsic motivation. Its what makes your intellectual cars go.“ For this reason Ms Jones is planning a conference next year that will address how non-fiction can
43、be transformed into something more children will want to read. 26 Which of the following belongs to non-fiction? （ A） Encyclopedia. （ B） Novel. （ C） Poetry. （ D） Short story. 27 Whats the difference between girls and boys in their reading habits? （ A） Girls read extensively while boys focus on books
44、 of particular topics. （ B） Girls have better reading habits than boys. （ C） Girls are reading for enriching knowledge while boys are reading for fun. （ D） Girls are more interested in fiction than boys. 28 What does Ms. Davies mean by saying “Non-fiction as it is cutting off a whole route into read
45、ing, especially for boys.“? （ A） Young people, especially boys cant easily get access to good books of non-fiction. （ B） A lot of good non-fiction books are coming out into the market. （ C） Such kind of non-fiction are eroding into the reading habits of young people especially boys. （ D） Non-fiction
46、 books have been isolated from our reading experience. 29 Whats the aim of Nicola Jones by quoting her personal experience in the last paragraph? （ A） She emphasized the importance of imagination for children. （ B） She wants to prove that reading Encyclopedia is important for children. （ C） She want
47、s to tell people how to stimulate childrens motivation. （ D） She proves that non-fiction can also fire the imagination of children. 30 Which of the following statements is true according to this passage? （ A） Most of the parents under survey think children should read more non-fiction than fiction.
48、（ B） National Literacy Trust encourages children to treat. reading as a labor of love. （ C） The status-quo of books of non-fiction in the market is satisfying. （ D） Non-fiction contributes more than fiction to the development of childrens intellect. 30 It is not compatible with the egalitarian ideal
49、 that there should be sharp differences in the scale of monetary reward fro services performed. In New Zealand, care of the underdog has long since been a more important consideration than is the case in very many other countries. Successive governments may claim with some justice to have abolished poverty, but this has not been done without there taking place a narrowing of margins between the rewards for skilled and unskilled labor, with its consequent denial of incentiv
