1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 390及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 Recycling The concept of green consumerism has gained momentum over the last decade, and the public has b
3、een influenced and become more aware of recycling. However, three essential keys are needed to power this movement. . The first step: raise public awareness about A. recycling process a creative act to【 1】 _the life and usefulness of the used B. kinds of materials that can be recycled plastic contai
4、ners, glass bottles, and newspapers C. ways on how to properly【 2】 _rubbish sort reusable materials from those that cant be recycled very easily establish a【 3】 _of collecting the sorted materials D.【 4】 _of the traditional waste disposal method expanding the rubbish dumps into agricultural land or
5、green belt land the【 5】 _in consumer waste burying rubbish in a vast deep pit lined with plastic chemicals used to speed breakdown of the rubbish returning the site【 6】 _rubbish in the ground to agricultural use . The second step: the development of technologyA. providesupport for companies involved
6、 in recycling【 7】 _ 1. tax incentives 2. low-cost【 8】 _ 3. grants to upgrade equipment and further researchB. a breakthroughthe new technology to help remove ink from paper, more energy efficient and environmentally safeC.【 9】 _of paper-recycling 1. the difficulty in removing print from paper 2. the
7、 amount of energy 3. caustic waste . The third step: expand the【 10】 _for recycled materials SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the i
8、nterview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 According to Dr. Adams, what should we have as an attainable goal of language learning? （ A） Speaking as fluently as a native speaker. （ B） Gaining proficiency in a foreign language.
9、 （ C） Learning a language well within a month. （ D） Learning words without active use of them. 12 Which of the following is Dr. Adams suggestion to tap your learning potential? （ A） Following what a role model does. （ B） Learning new words in contexts. （ C） Knowing your own ways of learning. （ D） Re
10、citing new vocabularies loudly. 13 If you favor reading illustrated books to learn a language, you are primarily （ A） an auditory learner. （ B） a visual learner. （ C） a tactile learner. （ D） an unusual learner. 14 When watching movies to learn English, you should NOT （ A） turn on the captious for re
11、ference. （ B） watch in the most relaxed possible way. （ C） pause when encountering new expressions. （ D） use an English-English dictionary. 15 According to the interview, which of the following helps to better understand different accents? （ A） Following classroom instructions. （ B） Watching plenty
12、of movies online. （ C） Breaking down cultural barriers. （ D） Backpacking around the world. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds t
13、o answer the questions. 16 Which of the following is TRUE of Zimbabwe? （ A） It became independent from US in 1980. （ B） It suffers from inflation and unemployment. （ C） It has many refugees fleeing from other countries. （ D） It has been ruled by Mugabe for two decades. 17 The farmers federations hav
14、e said that the strike will last for （ A） two weeks. （ B） a month. （ C） an unknown period. （ D） three days. 18 What was the consequence of the 2001 protests in Argentina? （ A） Butchers and supermarkets were affected. （ B） The ex-president was overthrown. （ C） Roads to the capital were blocked. （ D）
15、Export taxes for farm products were cut. 19 What is the main idea of the news item? （ A） UK has trained far more nurses than it needs. （ B） UK is facing unemployment and downsizing. （ C） UK is losing its nurses to Australia in employment. （ D） UK should encourage nurses to work in Australia. 20 Acco
16、rding to Howard Catton, why do more nurses tend to work in Australia? （ A） Because of attractive salaries and a series of incentives. （ B） Because of starting salaries and recruitment activity. （ C） Because of the convenient air travel between two countries. （ D） Because of the permanent residency a
17、nd accommodation. 20 We hear it a lot the news these days: “Recycle newspapers and save a tree. Collect bottles and cans so they can be reused in the manufacturing of new products. “ Protecting our delicate environment seems to be on the agenda of politicians, government leaders, and citizens in man
18、y parts of the world to show support for mother nature. The concept of green consumerism has gained momentum more and more over the last decade, and the public feels moved to pitch in and help. However, three essential keys needed to power this movement include a more informed public, the developmen
19、t of improved technology, and a greater demand for recycled materials. Lets use paper as an example. The first step is to raise public awareness about the recycling process, explain the kinds of materials that can be recycled, and provide ways on how to properly dispose of them. Local governments sh
20、ould educate the public on how to properly sort reusable materials from those, like waxed paper, carbon paper, plastic laminated material such as fast food wrappers, that cant be recycled very easily. Then, a system of collecting these sorted materials needs to be established. Public interest might
21、be there, but may soon wane if recycling centers located in convenient locations are not available. Sometimes we become complacent when it comes to recycling, but when you speak in terms of actually facts and figures that everyone can understand, people become more cognizant of the problem. I rememb
22、er reading one time that the energy saved from one recycled can provide enough power to operate a television set for three hours. Give the public information they can grasp in real terms, and then you will increase your chances of gaining followers. Second, technological progress has been made on ma
23、ny fronts, but governmental agencies need to step up their support for companies involved in recycling by providing tax incentives, low - cost loans, or even grants to upgrade equipment and to encourage further research. One breakthrough has been the development of a new manufacturing process that u
24、ses enzymes to help remove ink from paper in more energy efficient and environmentally safe methods. Recycling paper materials can be expensive in both monetary and environmental terms. The difficulty in removing print from paper, the amount of energy expended during the process, and caustic waste t
25、hat is sometimes produced are costs that companies incur that are then passed onto the consumer. The final key is to increase demand for the growing surplus of resources waiting to be recycled. This problem has appeared in various regions of the world where the technology to process the used materia
26、ls lags far behind the amount being collected for recycling. There may be a great outpouring of support; yet the great stumbling block to implementing the second stage of this plan could be thwarted by the corporate sectors inability to find commercial enterprises interested in using recycled goods
27、especially when the cost of exceeds those of virgin materials. Recycling is a crucial link protecting our planet. The three keys mentioned are important to achieving this end. 21 What would be the best title for this passage? （ A） Important Keys to Recycling Paper （ B） Technological Advances Improve
28、 Recycling （ C） Steps to Improving Recycling （ D） Best Ways to Protect Our Environment 22 According to the article, paper materials that are difficult to recycle include _. （ A） copy paper （ B） document shred （ C） food wrappers （ D） bottles and cans 23 In some cases, recycling could be hazardous to
29、the environment if special precautions are not taken because _. （ A） industrial emissions are sometimes created in the process （ B） chemical waste is sometimes produced as a result （ C） a great deal of energy is expended to create new products （ D） there are a lot of bacteria in waste things 24 Acco
30、rding to the passage, the demand for recyclable materials in the manufacturing of new products is sometimes sluggish because _. （ A） some governments are unwilling to support expensive recycling methods （ B） there is a lack of advanced technology to process the materials （ C） businesses do not inves
31、t enough money into research （ D） people dont like waste things 25 Which is NOT one of the main keys to recycling as mentioned in the passage? （ A） Government regulation of waste. （ B） A more informed public. （ C） Better technology. （ D） More demand for recycled materials. 25 In the US, poll after p
32、oll has shown a majority in favour of animal experimentation, even without statements about its value. Why is opinion in Britain so different? I think that there are two reasons. The first is the success of antivivisection campaigners in lampooning animal research as outdated, intentionally cruel, “
33、bad“ science, which achieves nothing. All drugs and procedures developed with the help of animal tests are said to be dangerous. The occasional failure of animal testing to identify a dangerous drug is developed as an argument for abandoning safety tests involving animals altogether-with no mention
34、of the terrible human suffering that this would cause. They say that “alternative“ methods already exist for all animal experiments, but the fact is that the law specifically forbids animal use if there is any alternative. The second reason is that scientists and doctors have failed to oppose such m
35、isrepresentation. In the early 1990s, animal rights campaigning in the US was met with much more forthright defense, not only by the major scientific societies, funding agencies and medical organizations, but also by the US government. To be positive, there are many encouraging features of the New S
36、cientist poll. Interestingly, the public seems to employ the same kind of utilitarian philosophy that underpins the law in Britain-weighing potential benefits against the species involved (thus, monkeys are more “valuable“ than mice) and the likelihood of suffering. Clearly, people in Britain do not
37、 recognize the essential link between animal research and testing and the medical treatments that they receive. Only 18 percent of those who had taken (or had a close family member who had taken) a drug prescribed for a serious illness realized that the drug had been tested on animals, as all drugs
38、are. Obviously, a large majority of those surveyed believe that they can happily benefit from medical treatment without taking advantage of animal research. No wonder so many people oppose it when asked the straight yes/no question. The views of the public must be respected. But this poll tells us t
39、hat, while they are open to persuasion, their reaction is based on misunderstanding. The responsibility for providing honest evidence for the public lies not just with those who use animals in their research, but with other scientists who depend on that work. It lies with the doctors who benefit fro
40、m animal research, with the pharmaceuticals and biotech industries, and the medical charities and funding agencies whose work would be crippled without it. But most of all, responsibility rests with government, which should cultivate serious and transparent debate between those of different opinion,
41、 and provide the public-especially young people-with the honest evidence they need and deserve. 26 In the first sentence of Paragraph 3, “such misrepresentation“ refers to _. （ A） the idea that other methods can be substituted for animal research （ B） the claim that animal experiment is intentionall
42、y cruel （ C） the belief that all drugs developed with animal tests are dangerous （ D） the fact that scientists and medical organizations support animal experimentation 27 In the authors opinion, why do more people in Britain oppose animal experiments? （ A） Because they are kinder than those in the U
43、nited States. （ B） Because they dont know the benefits resulting from animal tests. （ C） Because most of the medicines dont need animal experiments to work well. （ D） Because some scientists use rare species for their medical experimentation. 28 According to the author how to correct the situation?
44、（ A） Only some animals should be used for research. （ B） Scientists and doctors should respect the views of the public. （ C） The benefits of animal tests should be made widely known. （ D） The debate on animal tests be put to s serious public poll. 29 What is the authors attitude towards animal resea
45、rch? （ A） Negative. （ B） Questioning. （ C） Neutral. （ D） Positiv 30 The passage is mainly concerned with _. （ A） supporting a position （ B） refuting some arguments （ C） describing a case （ D） presenting a new perspective 30 Material culture refers to the touchable, material “things“-physical objects
46、 that can be seen, held, felt, used-that a culture produces. Examining a cultures tools and technology can tell us about the groups history and way of life. Similarly, research into the material culture of music can help us to understand the music-culture. The most vivid body of “things“ in it, of c
47、ourse, are musical instruments We cannot hear for ourselves the actual sound of any musical performance before the 1870s when the phonograph (留声机 ) was invented, so we rely on instruments for important information about music-cultures in the remote past and their development. Here we have two kinds
48、of evidence: instruments well preserved and instruments pictured in art. Through the study of instruments, as well as paintings, written documents, and so on, we can explore the movement of music from the Near East to China over a thousand years ago, or we can outline the spread of Near Easteru infl
49、uence to Europe that resulted in the development of most of the instruments in the symphony orchestra. Sheet music or printed music, too, is material culture. Scholars once defined folk music-cultures as those in which people learn and sing music by ear rather than from print, but research shows mutual influence among oral and written sources during the past few centuries in Europe, Britain, and America. Printed versions limit variety because they tend to standardiz
