1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 407及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 Similarities and Differences between Public Speaking and Conversation I. Both Public Speaking and Convers
3、ation need you to 1. organize ideas to present them in the most (1)_. You steadily build up a compelling case. (1)_ 2. tailor your message to (2)_. (2)_ 3. tell your story for maximum impact. relate an (3)_or use. (3)_ 4. adapt to .listener (4)_. (4)_ II. Now lets look at the Differences between Pub
4、lic Speaking and Conversation Public speaking and everyday conversation are not (5) (5)_ 1. Public speaking is more highly (6)_. (6)_ 2. Public speaking requires (7)_language. (7)_ Listeners usually (8);_to speakers (8)_ who do not elevate and polish their language when addressing an audience. 3. Pu
5、blic speaking requires a different method of delivery. Conversation: talking informally, interjecting phrases such as “like“ and “you know,“ adopting a casual (9)_ (9)_ posture, and using vocalized pauses. Public speaking: adjusting voices (10)_ (10)_ clearly throughout the audience. SECTION B INTER
6、VIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the inte
7、rview. 11 Which of the following is NOT among the criteria of the 100 most powerful women in the world? （ A） the amount of money they control （ B） their previous jobs （ C） their public profile （ D） their attitude toward the press 12 Who is an unpredictable candidate among the women of this year? （ A
8、） Angela Merkel （ B） Condoleezza Rice （ C） Angela Ahrendts （ D） Rose Marie Bravo 13 The Chileans felt_when they saw Michelle Bachelet on this list. （ A） angry （ B） excited （ C） indifferent （ D） surprised 14 Which of the following statement is true about Margaret Whitman? （ A） Shes one of the richest
9、 women in the world. （ B） Shes a founder of eBay. （ C） She helped build eBay into the second most successful companies on the Internet. （ D） Shes at No. 20 on the list of the 100 most powerful women in the world. 15 Which of the following reasons CANNOT explain why Meredith Vieira was on the list of
10、 the 100 most powerful women in the world? （ A） Because shes going to be taking the role of the Today Show from Wednesday. （ B） Because shes accomplished a lot over the course of her many years in this profession. （ C） Because shes going to be so influential in what she does. （ D） Because she is an
11、award-winning newswoman, and shes spent nine years on the View. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16
12、Why was Charles Taylor accused of crimes against humanity? （ A） Because he has waged many wars. （ B） Because he supported rebels in Sierra Leone in the 1990s. （ C） Because he has wrongly prosecuted war crime suspects. （ D） Because he started the civil war in the 1990s. 17 The oil prices will decreas
13、e sharply in the long run mainly because_. （ A） the worlds biggest oil companies will launch a large price competition （ B） new fuels will take the place of oil （ C） new technology in extracting oil will be used （ D） British and German governments will bring the price down 18 Why were there hundreds
14、 of mourners in the Australian city of Newcastle who gathered to mourn the death of twenty people killed in bombings last year? （ A） Because Newcastle is the home of three of the victims. （ B） Because these people died in Newcastle last year. （ C） Because four Islamist fighters have been found guilt
15、y of involvement in the bombings in Newcastle. （ D） Because Newcastle is the city where there are many friends and relatives of the victims. 19 Which of the following statements about the command change of troops is true? （ A） The US will take command from Afghanistan military as many as 12,000 troo
16、ps. （ B） The command change would complete the expansion of the International Security Assistance Force in Afghanistan. （ C） The overall American force level in Afghanistan will increase after the command change. （ D） The command change took place a few days ago. 20 Why was Brent Bennett held in pri
17、son for more than two years? （ A） Because he was found guilty of torturing Afghan suspects in an unofficial anti-terrorism operation. （ B） Because he said that American and Afghan officials supported his activities. （ C） Because he flew out of Afghanistan on Saturday. （ D） Because he helped one of t
18、he other two men get free in April. 20 In the eighteenth century, Japans feudal overlords, from the shogun to the humblest samurai, found themselves under financial stress. In part, this stress can be attributed to the overlords failure to adjust to a rapidly expanding economy, but the stress was al
19、so due to factors beyond the overlords control. Concentration of the samurai in castle-towns had acted as a stimulus to trade. Commercial efficiency, in turn, had put temptations in the way of buyers. Since most samurai had been reduced to idleness by years of peace, encouraged to engage in scholars
20、hip and martial exercises or to perform administrative tasks that took little time, it is not surprising that their tastes and habits grew expensive. Overlords, income, despite the increase in rice production among their tenant farmers, failed to keep pace with their expenses. Although shortfalls in
21、 overloads, income resulted almost as much from laxity among their tax collectors (the nearly inevitable outcome of hereditary office-holding) as from their higher standards of living, a misfortune like a fire or flood, bringing an in crease in expenses or a drop in revenue, could put a domain in de
22、bt to the city rice-brokers who handled its finances. Once in debt, neither the individual samurai nor the shogun himself found it easy to recover. It was difficult for individual samurai overlords to increase their income because the amount of rice that farmers could be made to pay in taxes was not
23、 unlimited, and since me income of Japans central government consisted in part of taxes collected by the shogun from his huge domain, the government too was constrained. Therefore, the Tokugawa shoguns began to look to other sources for revenue. Cash profits from government-owned mines were already
24、on the decline because the most easily worked deposits of silver and gold had been exhausted, although debasement of the coinage had compensated for the loss. Opening up new farmland was a possibility, but most of what was suitable had already been exploited and further reclamation was technically u
25、nfeasible. Direct taxation of the samurai themselves would be politically dangerous. This left the shoguns only commerce as a potential source of government income. Most of the countrys wealth, or so it seemed, was finding its way into the hands of city merchants. It appeared reasonable that they sh
26、ould contribute part of that revenue to ease the shoguns burden of financing the state. A means of obtaining such revenue was soon found by levying forced loans, known as goyo-kin; although these were not taxes in the strict sense, since they were irregular in timing and arbitrary in amount, they we
27、re high in yield. Unfortunately, they pushed up prices. Thus, regrettably, the Tokugawa shoguns search for solvency for the government made it increasingly difficult for individual Japanese who lived on fixed stipends to make ends meet. 21 Which is the authors attitude toward the samurai discussed i
28、n the first paragraph? （ A） Warmly approving. （ B） Mildly sympathetic. （ C） Bitterly disappointed. （ D） Harshly disdainful. 22 Which is the major reason for the financial problems experienced by Japans feudal overlords? （ A） Profits from mining had declined. （ B） Spending had outdistanced income. （
29、C） The samurai had concentrated in castle-towns. （ D） The coinage had been sharply debased. 23 The reason that individual samurai did not find it easy to recover from debt is_. （ A） taxes were irregular in timing and arbitrary in amount （ B） the Japanese government had failed to adjust to the needs
30、of a changing economy （ C） there was a limit to the amount in taxes that farmers could be made to pay （ D） the domains of samurai overlords were becoming smaller and poorer as government revenues increased 24 Which could best be substituted for the word “THIS“ in the last sentence of the second para
31、graph? （ A） The search of Japans Tokugawa shoguns for solvency. （ B） The unfairness of the tax structure in eighteenth-century Japan. （ C） The difficulty experienced by both individual samurai and the shogun himself in extricating themselves from debt. （ D） The difficulty of increasing government in
32、come by other means. 25 According to the passage, the actions of the Tokugawa shoguns in their search for solvency for the government were regrettable because those actions_. （ A） resulted in the exhaustion of the most easily worked deposits of silver and gold （ B） raised the cost of living by pushi
33、ng up prices （ C） were far lower in yield than had originally been anticipated （ D） acted as deterrent to trade 25 A green and yellow parrot, which hung in a cage outside the door, kept repeating over and over: “Allez vous-en! Allez vous-en! Sapristi! Thats all right!“ He could speak a little Spanis
34、h, and also a language which nobody understood, unless it was the mocking-bird that hung on the other side of the door, whistling his fluty notes out upon the breeze with maddening persistence. Mr. Pontellier, unable to read his newspaper with any degree of comfort, arose with an expression and an e
35、xclamation of disgust. He walked down the gallery and across the narrow “bridges“ which connected the Lebrun cottages one with the other. He had been seated before the door of the main house. The parrot and the mockingbird were the property of Madame Lebrun, and they had the right to make all the no
36、ise they wished. Mr. Pontellier had the privilege of quitting their society when they ceased to be entertaining. He stopped before the door of his own cottage, which was the fourth one from the main building and next to the last. Seating himself in a wicker rocker which was there, he once more appli
37、ed himself to the task of reading the newspaper. The day was Sunday; the paper was a day old. The Sunday papers had not yet reached Grand Isle. He was already acquainted with the market reports, and he glanced restlessly over the editorials and bits of news which he had not had time to read before q
38、uitting New Orleans the day before. Mr. Pontellier wore eye-glasses. He was a man of forty, of medium height and rather slender build; he stooped a little. His hair was brown and straight, parted on one side. His beard was neatly and closely trimmed. Once in a while he withdrew his glance from the n
39、ewspaper and looked about him. There was more noise than ever over at the house. The main building was called “the house,“ to distinguish it from the cottages. The chattering and whistling birds were still at it. Two young girls, the Farival twins, were playing a duet from “Zampa“ upon the piano. Ma
40、dame Lebrun was bustling in and out, giving orders in a high key to a yard-boy whenever she got inside the house, and directions in an equally high voice to a dining room servant whenever she got outside. She was a fresh, pretty woman, clad always in white with elbow sleeves. Her starched skirts cri
41、nkled as she came and went. Farther down, before one of the cottages, a lady in black was walking demurely up and down, telling her beads. A good many persons of the pension had gone over to the Cheniere Caminada in Beaudelets lugger to hear mass. Some young people were out under the water-oaks play
42、ing croquet. Mr. Pontelliers two children were there sturdy little fellows of four and five. A quadroon nurse followed them about with a faraway, meditative air. Mr. Pontellier finally lit a cigar and began to smoke, letting the paper drag idly from his hand. He fixed his gaze upon a white sunshade
43、that was advancing at snails pace from the beach. He could see it plainly between the gaunt trunks of the water-oaks and across the stretch of yellow chamomile. The gulf looked far away, melting hazily into the blue of the horizon. The sunshade continued to approach slowly. Beneath its pink-lined sh
44、elter were his wife, Mrs. Pontellier, and young Robert Lebrun. When they reached the cottage, the two seated themselves with some appearance of fatigue upon the upper step of the porch, facing each other, each leaning against a supporting post. “What folly! to bathe at such an hour in such heat!“ ex
45、claimed Mr. Pontellier. He himself had taken a plunge at daylight. That was why the morning seemed long to him. “You are burnt beyond recognition,“ he added, looking at his wife as one looks at a valuable piece of personal property which has suffered some damage. She held up her hands, strong, shape
46、ly hands, and surveyed them critically, drawing up her lawn sleeves above the wrists. Looking at them reminded her of her rings, which she had given to her husband before leaving for the beach. She silently reached out to him, and he, understanding, took the rings from his vest pocket and dropped th
47、em into her open palm. She slipped them upon her fingers; then clasping her knees, she looked across at Robert and began to laugh. The rings sparkled upon her fingers. He sent back an answering smile. “What is it?“ asked Pontellier, looking lazily and amused from one to the other. It was some utter
48、nonsense; some adventure out there in the water, and they both tried to relate it at once. It did not seem half so amusing when told. They realized this, and so did Mr. Pontellier. He yawned and stretched himself. Then he got up, saying he had half a mind to go over to Kleins hotel and play a game o
49、f billiards. “Come go along, Lebrun,“ he proposed to Robert. But Robert admitted quite frankly that he preferred to stay where he was and talk to Mrs. Pontellier. “Well, send him about his business when he bores you, Edna,“ instructed her husband as he prepared to leave. “Here, take the umbrella,“ she exclaimed, holding it out to him. He accepted the sunshade, and lifting it over his head descended the steps and walked away. “Coming back to di
