1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 436及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 End the University as We Know It 1. Problems confronting American universities A. impractical graduate (1
3、) (1)_ B. isolated departments/ overspecialized sciences C. encouraged phenomenon of (2) (2)_ II. Root for the problems the (3) of universities (3)_ A. origin The Conflict of the Faculties (1798) by Kant B. model mass production/ a (4) (4)_ C. concept learn all sciences by mass production, so each b
4、ranch has its trustee III. Steps to improve American higher education are A. restructuring curriculum 1. method to replace separate (5) with complex adaptive web- (5)_ like curriculum 2. purpose to make teaching and scholarship cross-disciplinary to engage more sciences in comparative analysis of co
5、mmon problems B. (6) programs (6)_ 1. reason programs evolve with society, some may be out of date. 2. purpose to avoid sunset clauses to address practical problems to develop new theoretical insights and practical solutions C. increasing (7) among institutions (7)_ 1. purpose to reduce workload of
6、institutions to share students and faculty 2. means teleconference, Internet, etc. D. transforming the traditional (8) (8)_ 1. reason less market for traditional ones 2. advice using novel formats like films or video games E. expanding professional options for graduate students purpose: to prepare s
7、tudents for future work to improve students (9) to the changing world (9)_ F. imposing mandatory retirement and abolishing tenure purpose: to encourage faculties to continue to evolve to (10) young people (10)_ SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Liste
8、n carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 The woman thinks the important thing for insomnious people is th
9、at （ A） they are under too heavy pressure. （ B） they have not enough time for sleep. （ C） they dont realize the importance of sleep. （ D） they have some health problem. 12 The womans advice for insomnious people include all of the following EXCEPT （ A） lying in bed until you fall asleep. （ B） making
10、 bedroom comfortable. （ C） not having caffeine after lunch. （ D） not taking a long nap during the day. 13 Which of the following statements is INCORRECT? （ A） Learning to sleep is a long process. （ B） Learning to sleep is like a boot camp. （ C） It is difficult for people to make sleep a priority. （
11、D） Sleep hygiene aims to improve peoples habits. 14 Which of the following practice is NOT helpful to ones sleep? （ A） Making the lightings comfortable to you. （ B） Keeping the computer in the bedroom. （ C） Making sure you are not paying bills in bed. （ D） Having caffeine before lunch. 15 According
12、to the woman, a nap during the day should be kept within （ A） 20 minutes. （ B） 30 minutes. （ C） 45 minutes. （ D） one hour. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item
13、, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 The results of the new free trade between the U.S. and South Korea are all the following EXCEPT that （ A） it will create at least 70,000 jobs for America. （ B） it will ensure security on the peninsula. （ C） it will boost exports of American
14、goods $1 lbn every year. （ D） it will help double US exports in the next five years. 17 What lead to the shutdown of several Spanish airports? （ A） The air traffic controllers sickness. （ B） Unfavorable weather conditions. （ C） The dispute over air traffic controllers hours and conditions. （ D） The
15、irresponsibility of the airline company. 18 What is the reaction of the government? （ A） It has heavily condemned the air traffic controllers. （ B） It might allow the military to take control of the airspace. （ C） It will encourage people not to go out. （ D） Not mentioned. 19 Why is the film-maker s
16、entenced to six years in jail? （ A） Because he makes blue films which are banned in Iran. （ B） Because his films reflect the negative side of Iranian society. （ C） Because he is publicly antisocial. （ D） Hes sentenced wrongly. 20 Which of the following statements is INCORRECT about Jafar Panahi? （ A
17、） This is the second time for his arrestment. （ B） He is an internationally well-known film-maker. （ C） He is banned from making films any more. （ D） He cannot leave Iran for the next 20 years. 20 Recently, I have heard two stories regarding the automobile sector. The sales of a Sino-US joint ventur
18、e have increased significantly following the substantial price reduction. Then a friend of mine who worked at its rival company complained that the quality of materials used by that Sino-US joint venture was much lower than that used by its European competitor. He couldnt figure out how come that co
19、mpany could achieve such high sales volume and profits. The reason is the company precisely targets on customer needs of the current stage: at present, customers in China purely focus on how a car looks with other elements overlooked. Therefore, the Sino-US company concentrates on vehicle design and
20、 interior decoration for their new models. On the contrary, traditionally strict requirements on delicate aspects such as chassis and mould, etc., followed by the European manufacturer, the companys rival, were not appreciated by customers in China who are only interested in appearance. Thus, the sa
21、les of European products became sluggish and the production line was forced to pause. The above two stories combined with the theme of this article “customer satisfaction level“ present an interesting subject matter. Some restaurant management in China probably knows nothing about “customer satisfac
22、tion level“. They simply follow the traditional “value for money“ wisdom and unintentionally acquire and retain a large base of customers, which include picky customers like me: willing to tolerate poor service thanks to the divine cuisine. Why? Because the restaurant has targeted on fundamental cus
23、tomer needs seeking reasonably priced good food. Good service would be a bonus but customers can still tolerate poor service. In contrast, even though you are highly satisfied with the good service provided by an elegant restaurant, you are unlikely to revisit if it provides ordinary food at high pr
24、ice. This is because your fundamental needs havent been met. Similarly, the Sino-European automobile joint venture has misunderstood the fundamentals of “customer satisfaction level“ in the China market. Certainly, they should have known more about “customer satisfaction level“ than that restaurant
25、and their pursuit of product quality would be as high as their rivals. However, they have overlooked the fundamental needs of family vehicle customers of the current market. Customers in China are not as knowledgeable as their European counterparts, they know very little about vehicles and vehicle q
26、uality. As for the purchase of vehicles, at present most Chinese families use the same criteria as they select a restaurant: “value for money“. They are interested in handsome exterior, pretty and practical interior but know little of chassis, nor the advantage of laser-mould. Indeed, they do not bo
27、ther to know. The market has started to focus on “customer satisfaction level“. This is an inevitable trend during the development course of customer relationship management in China. However, the current market hasnt fully and truly understood “customer satisfaction level“ yet. On some occasions, “
28、customer satisfaction level“ is simply interpreted as “customer service satisfaction level“. It is believed that sales revenue will increase given that service level has been enhanced. Out-source call centers have been mushroomed in the previous years but nowadays they are facing a hard time. Their
29、close-down illustrates that purely focusing on the format of customer service but overlooking the fundamental needs of most customers is a mistake, which is similar to that made by the enterprise of the second story. The failure to meet most families expectation on vehicles has resulted in higher co
30、st against rivals as well as a passive and disadvantaged position. The only criterion to measure market effectiveness of CRM concepts is whether they could improve corporate efficiency and revenue. This applies to “customer satisfaction level“ too. What is the objective of “customer satisfaction lev
31、el“? Put aside all passionate, the essence is to increase corporate revenue to make profits. Personally I have no doubt about this, what matters is how to achieve this objective. According to CRM concepts, do you need to look after every single customer? Nowadays, no is certainly the answer. This is
32、 because corporate resources are limited and each customer has a different degree of contribution, thus, we need to realize CRMs customer-centered concept in a differential manner (different treatments to different customer groups). Meanwhile, prior to considering “customer satisfaction level“, we n
33、eed to understand our customers purposes of doing business with us. What do they expect from doing business with us? What are their fundamental needs? Only when our service and products could satisfy their needs to the largest extent, would we be able to acquire and increase business related “custom
34、er satisfaction level“. Are you interested in having a try? 21 Why cant the cars made by European manufacturer sell well in China? （ A） The quality of the cars is not good enough. （ B） The price of the cars is too high for Chinese buyers. （ C） The cars do not cater for the Chinese buyers. （ D） The C
35、hinese buyers do not quite know what good cars are. 22 What lesson can be best learned from the stories of Chinese restaurant and the European car manufacturer? （ A） To retain customers, service should be improved. （ B） Good quality of product is the most important. （ C） Customer needs should be the
36、 primary concern. （ D） Good service and quality can make customers satisfied. 23 Failure to meet customer needs can lead to （ A） overemphasis on the service format. （ B） decreased corporate revenue. （ C） misunderstanding of customer satisfaction. （ D） customers complaints. 24 What is the premise of
37、“customer satisfaction level“, according to the passage? （ A） Good service and quality. （ B） Different treatments to different customer groups. （ C） Making money. （ D） Full understanding of customer needs. 25 According to the passage, which of the following does the author probably advocate? （ A） A
38、name brand phone company supply mobile phones with high-quality MP3 player. （ B） A Chinese restaurant boasts of genuine Sichuan cuisine. （ C） A western restaurant has best decoration and high-ranking service. （ D） A famous restaurant provides entertainment performance to customers. 25 One school nig
39、ht this month I sidled up to Alexander, my 15-year-old son, and stroked his cheek in a manner I hoped would seem casual. Alex knew better, sensing by my touch, which lingered just a moment too long, that I was sneaking a touch of the stubble that had begun to sprout near his ears. A year ago he woul
40、d have ignored this intrusion and returned my gesture with a squeeze. But now he recoiled, retreating stormily to his computer screen. That, and a peevish roll of his eyes, told me more forcefully than words, Mom, you are so busted! I had committed the ultimate folly: invading my teenagers personal
41、space. “The average teenager has pretty strong feelings about his privacy,“ Lara Fox, a recent young acquaintance, told me with an assurance that brooked no debate. Her friend Hilary Frankel chimed in: “What Alex is saying is: This is my body changing. Its not yours.“ Intruding, however discreetly,
42、risked making him feel babied “at a time when feeling like an adult is very important to him“, she added. O.K., score one for the two of you. These young women, after all, are experts. Ms. Frankel and Ms. Fox, both 17, are the authors of Breaking the Code (New American Library), a new book that seek
43、s to bridge the generational divide between parents and adolescents. It is being promoted by its publisher as the first self-help guide by teenagers for their parents, a kind of Kids Are From Mars, Parents Are From Venus that demystifies the language and actions of teenagers. The girls tackled issue
44、s including curfews, money, school pressures, smoking and sibling rivalry. Personally, I welcomed insights into teenagers from any qualified experts, and that included the authors. The most common missteps in interacting with teenagers, they instructed me, stem from the turf war between parents asse
45、rting their right to know what goes on under their roof and teenagers zealously guarding their privacy. When a child is younger, they write, every decision revolves around the parents. But now, as Ms. Fox told me, “often your teenager is in this bubble that doesnt include you“. Ms. Fox and Ms. Frank
46、el acknowledge that they and their peers can be quick to interpret their parents remarks as dismissive or condescending and respond with a hostility that masks their vulnerability. “What we want above all is your approval,“ they write. “Dont forget, no matter how much we act as if we dont care what
47、you say, we believe the things you say about us.“ Nancy Samalin, a New York child-rearing expert and the author of Loving Without Spoiling (McGraw-Hill, 2003), said she didnt agree with everything the authors suggested but found their arguments reasonable. “When your kids are saying, You dont get it
48、, and you never will, there are lots of ways to respond so that they will listen,“ she said, “and thats what the writers point out.“ As for my teenager, Alex, Ms. Fox and Ms. Frankel told me I would have done better to back off or to have asked “Is your skin feeling rougher these days?“ A more succe
49、ssful approach, the authors suggest in their book, would have been for the mother to offer, as Ms. Foxs own parents did, a later curfew once a month, along with an explanation of her concerns. “My parents helped me see,“ Ms. Fox told me, “that even though they used to stay out late and ride their bicycles to school, times have changed. These days there is a major fear factor in bringing up kids. Parents worry about their child crossing the street.“ The w
