1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 443及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 Effective Lecture Strategies Lecturalgia: painful lecture; cause of morbidity for both teachers and learn
3、ers Lectures: promote student learning when used correctly I. Remember the Attention Span of Students A. Students attention the beginning of the lecture to ten minutes: increases tenth to fifteenth minutes: (1)_ (1)_ during lectures: (2)_ (2)_ B. Prompts to reawaken your attentiveness 1. Organizatio
4、nal prompts: (3)_main points (3)_ pausing for questions or discussions outlining key points via the white board or PowerPoint 2. (4)_: using appropriate humor, anecdotes, stories and factoids to flesh out concepts. (4)_ II. Incorporate (5)_to Reinforce Key Concepts (5)_ A. Reasons: Students do not l
5、earn much when learning (6)_. (6)_ B. Ways to do it: group work one-minute papers think-pair-share activities discussions III. Segment the Lecture into Smaller Blocks A. Meaning: try dividing your class time into several mini-lectures that are interspersed with discussions, worksheets, group activit
6、ies, etc. B. Benefits: -(7)_ (7)_ engages students and increases learning. IV. Make Course Material Relevant A. Meaning: communicate teaching material in a way that students can relate to (8)_. (8)_ B. Hodgsons Example: Extract from the lecture notes: clear and vivid What the lecturer actually said:
7、 trying to (9)_what happens (9)_ Students recall: thinking what happens while listening C. Ways to arouse students interest: -(10)_ (10)_ the medium of a vivid example or illustration SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer
8、 the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 Why “time-out“ is NOT suggested as a means to stop children from doing something? （ A） Beca
9、use children wont always respond to it. （ B） Because the word is not consistent. （ C） Because it is a corporal punishment. （ D） Because it is not popular anymore. 12 On which of the following occasions should the “no“ be used according to Julie? （ A） When a child is playing with a socket. （ B） When
10、a child is using a dime. （ C） When a child is climbing on the floor. （ D） When a child is playing with a safety pin. 13 The “I-message“ used by parents can convey all the meanings to a child EXCEPT_. （ A） the parents should be respected （ B） the parents are in control of the house （ C） the parents s
11、et the rules （ D） the parents respect the child 14 Why should “if“ sentence be used less by parents? （ A） Because “if“ is threatening. （ B） Because children tend to rebel against the parents requests. （ C） Because children dont want to be challenged. （ D） Because “if“ will encourage children. 15 Wha
12、t does Julie want to show by the example of his son? （ A） The rules are not applicable to thirteen-year-olds. （ B） Her son doesnt meet her requests. （ C） We should be consistent in educating the children. （ D） The rules can be used on children of different ages. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions:
13、In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 Which of the following reasons do scientists support that can explain the extinction of dinosaurs? （
14、A） A huge asteroid striking the earth some 65 million years ago. （ B） Volcanic eruptions caused the dinosaurs demise. （ C） Climate change wiped out dinosaurs. （ D） Water pollution. 17 Which of the following is CORRECT? （ A） Today marks the 30th anniversary of the Iranian hostage crisis. （ B） Preside
15、nt Obama said that he wants to move beyond the past. （ C） Today is as same as usual. （ D） No anti-government protesters are on the streets. 18 How many hostages did Islamic students hold? （ A） 400 （ B） 52 （ C） 30 （ D） 100 19 Which one of the following is INCORRECT? （ A） Gulab Mangal said an Emergenc
16、y staff member received $500,000 as an advance payment for killing him. （ B） Afghan officials said they detained three Italian Emergency workers Saturday. （ C） The Italian aid group Emergency has had a good relationship with local authorities in violence-wracked Helmand Province. （ D） In total nine
17、people, including six Afghans, were held after explosive suicide vests, hand grenades and other weapons were discovered. 20 Which of the following is correct according to the news? （ A） Emergency founder Gino Strada denounced the detentions of the aid groups four workers. （ B） Afghan policemen calle
18、d it a mafia-style attempt to silence a witness. （ C） Afghan officials said they were held as part of an investigation into an alleged plot to kill the governor of Helmand Province. （ D） In total nine people, were held before explosive suicide vests, hand grenades and other weapons were discovered.
19、20 From the air, the lines etched in the floor of the desert were hard to see, like drawings left in the sun too long. As our pilot cut tight turns over a desert plateau in Southern Peru, north of the town of Nasca, I could just make out a succession of beautifully crafted figures. “Orca!“ shouted J
20、ohny Isla, a Peruvian archaeologist, over the roar of the engine. He pointed down at the form of a killer whale. “jMono!“ he said moments later, when the famous Nasca monkey came into view. “Colibri!“ The hummingbird. Since they became widely known in the late 1920s, when commercial air travel was i
21、ntroduced between Lima and the southern Peruvian city of Arequipa, the mysterious desert drawings known as the Nasca lines have puzzled archaeologists, anthropologists, and anyone fascinated by ancient cultures in the Americas. For just as long, waves of scientistsand amateurshave inflicted various
22、interpretations on the lines, as if they were the worlds largest set of Rorschach inkblots. At one time or another, they have been explained as Inca roads, irrigation plans, images to be appreciated from primitive hot-air balloons, and, most laughably, landing strips for alien spacecraft. After Worl
23、d War II a German-born teacher named Maria Reiche made the first formal surveys of the lines and figurescalled geoglyphsoutside Nasca and the nearby town of Palpa. For half a century, until her death in 1998, Reiche played a critically important role in conserving the geoglyphs. But her own preferre
24、d theorythat the lines represented settings on an astronomical calendarhas also been largely discredited. The ferocity with which she protected the lines from outsiders has been adopted by their caretakers today, so that even scientists have a hard time gaining access to the most famous animal figur
25、es on the plain, or pampa, immediately northwest of Nasca. Since 1997, however, a large Peruvian-German research collaboration has been under way near the town of Palpa, farther to the north. Directed by Isla and Markus Reindel of the German Archaeological Institute, the Nasca-Palpa Project has moun
26、ted a systematic, multidisciplinary study of the ancient people of the region, starting with where and how the Nasca lived, why they disappeared, and what was the meaning of the strange designs they left behind in the desert sand. As our plane banked into another turn, Isla, a native of the highland
27、s who works at the Andean Institute of Archaeological Studies, kept his broad, high-cheeked face pressed to the window. “Trapezoid!“ he shouted, pointing out a huge geometrical clearing looming into sight. “Platform!“ he added, gesturing with his finger. “Platform!“ Platform? He was pointing at a sm
28、all heap of stones at one end of the trapezoid. If Isla and his colleagues are right, such unprepossessing structures may hold a key to understanding the true purpose of the Nasca lines. The story begins, and ends, with water. The coastal region of Southern Peru and Northern Chile is one of the drie
29、st places on Earth. In the small, protected basin where the Nasca culture arose, ten rivers descend from the Andes, to the east, most of them dry at least part of the year. These ten fragile ribbons of green, surrounded by a thousand shades of brown, offered a fertile hot spot for the emergence of a
30、n early civilization, much as the Nile Delta or the rivers of Mesopotamia did. “It was the perfect place for human settlement, because it had water,“ says geographer Bernhard Eitel, a member of the Nasca-Palpa Project. “But it was a high-risk environmenta very high-risk environment.“ According to Ei
31、tel and his University of Heidelberg colleague Bertil Machtle, the microclimate in the Nasca region has oscillated dramatically over the past 5,000 years. When a high-pressure system over central South America called the Bolivian High moves to the north, more rain falls on the western slopes of the
32、Andes. When the high shifts southward, precipitation decreases, and the rivers in the Nasca valleys run dry. Despite the risky conditions, the Nasca flourished for eight centuries. Around 200 BC, the Nasca people emerged out of a previous culture known as the Paracas, settling along the river valley
33、s and cultivating crops such as cotton, beans, tubers, lucuma (a fruit), and a short-eared form of corn. Renowned for their distinctive pottery, they invented a new technique of mixing about a dozen different mineral pigments in a thin wash of clay so that colors could be baked into the pottery. A f
34、amous ceramic tableau known as the Tello plaqueshowing several Nasca strolling while blowing their panpipes, surrounded by dancing dogshas been viewed as an iconic snapshot of a peaceful people whose rituals embraced music, dance, and sacred walks. 21 The mysterious Nasca lines discussed in the text
35、 is interpreted in various ways EXCEPT_. （ A） landing strips for spacecraft from outer space （ B） irrigation plans （ C） paths （ D） religious signs 22 Which best explains the reason for the difficulty in getting access to the findings of Maria Reiche, who played an important role in conserving the ge
36、oglyphs? （ A） Maria Reiche refused to let the information out of the bags in spite of the disagreements from her disciples. （ B） Maria Reiche felt herself less than deserved for the honors conferred on her and meant to save herself from public supervision. （ C） Maria Reiche felt a strong urge to pro
37、tect her discoveries from unworthy outsiders. （ D） Maria Reiche did not expect herself to die so soon, with no time for displaying her findings. 23 Which of the following words best matches the meaning of the word “oscillate“ in Paragraph 9? （ A） Move back and forth. （ B） Go up and down. （ C） Climb
38、high and low. （ D） Shift right and left. 24 Which of the following words best matches the meaning of the word “embrace“ in Paragraph 10? （ A） Take in the arms. （ B） Imbue. （ C） Include. （ D） Imply. 25 What is the main idea of the passage? （ A） Nasca and its history. （ B） Nasca and its people. （ C） T
39、he hidden mysteries of the Nasca lines. （ D） The Discovery of Nasca. 25 Given the lack of fit between gifted students and their schools, it is not surprising that such students often have little good to say about their school experience. In one study of 400 adults who had achieved distinction in all
40、 areas of life, researchers found that three-fifths of these individuals either did badly in school or were unhappy in school. Few MacArthur Prize fellows, winners of the MacArthur Award for creative accomplishment, had good things to say about their precollegiate schooling if they had not been plac
41、ed in advanced programs. Anecdotal reports support this. Pablo Picasso, Charles Darwin, Mark Twain, Oliver Goldsmith, and William Butler Yeats all disliked school. So did Winston Churchill, who almost failed out of Harrow, an elite British school. About Oliver Goldsmith, one of his teachers remarked
42、, “Never was so dull a boy.“ Often these children realize that they know more than their teachers, and their teachers often feel that these children are arrogant, inattentive, or unmotivated. Some of these gifted people may have done poorly in school because their gifts were not scholastic. Maybe we
43、 can account for Picasso in this way. But most fared poorly in school not because they lacked ability but because they found school unchallenging and consequently lost interest. Yeats described the lack of fit between his mind and school: “Because I had found it difficult to attend to anything less
44、interesting than my own thoughts, I was difficult to teach.“ As noted earlier, gifted children of all kinds tend to be strong-willed nonconformists. Nonconformity and stubbornness (and Yeatss level of arrogance and self-absorption) are likely to lead to conflicts with teachers. When highly gifted st
45、udents in any domain talk about what was important to the development of their abilities, they are far more likely to mention their families than their schools or teachers. A writing prodigy studied by David Feldman and Lynn Goldsmith was taught far more about writing by his journalist father than h
46、is English teacher. High-IQ children, in Australia studied by Miraca Gross had much more positive feelings about their families than their schools. About half of the mathematicians studied by Benjamin Bloom had little good to say about school. They all did well in school and took honors classes when
47、 available, and some skipped grades. 26 The major idea of the author concerning schools is that_. （ A） they should teach students from different ethnic backgrounds in different ways （ B） they are hopelessly deficient when it comes to those extraordinary prodigies （ C） they should enlarge the number
48、of students in one class as soon as possible （ D） they should pay special attention to poorly-performing students 27 The phrase “attend to“ in the third paragraph means_. （ A） deal with （ B） participate in （ C） join in （ D） take part in 28 Like Goldsmith and Yeats, Pablo Picasso is specially mention
49、ed as one of those talents who_. （ A） failed to heed the lectures for lack of the ability to concentrate for long spells （ B） thought of themselves as too excellent, beyond any ordinary teachers who they despised greatly （ C） could not get themselves interested in their studies, which failed to provide any challenges to their thinking minds （ D） firmly believed in the sheer futility of any course they had taken in sc
