1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 44 及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 At present-companies and industries like to sponsor sports events. Two reasons are put forward to explain
3、 this phenomenon. The first reason is that they get 【 1】 _ throughout the world. The second reason 【 1】 _ is that companies and industries【 2】 _ money, 【 2】 _ as they get reductions in the tax they owe if they sponsor sports or arts activities. As sponsorship is【 3】 _, careful thinking 【 3】 _ is req
4、uired in deciding which events to sponsor. It is important that the event to be sponsored【 4】 _ 【 4】 _ the product【 s】 to be promoted. That is, the right 【 5】 _ and maximum product coverage must 【 5】 _ be guaranteed in the event. Points to be considered in sports sponsorship. Popularity of the event
5、 International sports events are big【 6】 event, 【 6】 _ which get extensive coverage on TV and in the press. Smaller events attract fewer people. Identification of the potential audience Aiming at the right audience is most important for smaller events. The right audience would attract manufacturers
6、of other related products like【 7】 _, etc. 【 7】 _ Advantages of sponsorship Advantages are longer-term. People are expected to respond【 8】 _ to the 【 8】 _ products promoted and be more likely to buy them. Advertising is【 9】 _ the mind. 【 9】 _ Sponsorship is better than straight advertising: a】 less【
7、 10】 _ b】 tax-free 【 10】 _ 1 【 1】 2 【 2】 3 【 3】 4 【 4】 5 【 5】 6 【 6】 7 【 7】 8 【 8】 9 【 9】 10 【 10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of
8、 the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 Actor Dallas McKennon pointed out that broadcast stations are granted a license to _. （ A） entertain and advertise （ B） educate and advertise （ C） educate and entertain （ D） be
9、 informative and instructive 12 Dallas McKennun said that one of the reasons he likes to act in cartoons is that _. （ A） cartoons are a less violent medium （ B） cartoons are a violent medium （ C） cartoons are a more violent medium （ D） cartoons are an educative medium 13 Dallas McKennon said that fo
10、r cartoons, actors are selected _. （ A） for the way they look, not the way they sound （ B） both for the way they look and the way they sound （ C） for the way they sound, not the way they look （ D） both for the way they act their roles and the way they look 14 In talking about his career in Hollywood
11、, Dallas McKennon said that his work tins been _. （ A） exclusively in cartoons （ B） only in Disney feature films （ C） mainly in cartoons and In Disney feature films （ D） both in cartoons and in scientific films 15 According to Dallas McKennon, the old way of making cartoons was to _. （ A） do the dra
12、wings first, and then have the actors record the sound （ B） photograph the actors first, and then do the drawings （ C） record the sound first, and then photograph the actom （ D） find the actors first and then have them record the sound SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will he
13、ar everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 International Olympic Committee believes what _ has done is relatively far from ideal. （ A） London （ B） Madrid （ C） Moscow （ D）
14、Paris 17 _ of London still have much to improve. （ A） Achievable budget （ B） Financial support （ C） Planning （ D） Transport 18 _ tins NOT listed Hezbollah as a terrorist organization yet. （ A） Canada （ B） European Union （ C） Israel （ D） the United States 19 Before Sundays vote, Hezbollah had _ legis
15、lative seats in south Lebanon. （ A） 4 （ B） 9 （ C） 19 （ D） 23 20 From the news report, we can infer that UN Security Council Resolution 1559 made a decision that _. （ A） demand that Hezbollah be disarmed （ B） Lebanon have a parliamentary election （ C） Syria withdraw its army from Lebanon （ D） the mur
16、der of Rafik Hariri be investigated 20 An assumption is something taken for granted. Everyone makes assumptions-you have to in order to say anything. As a critical reader, you need to determine what the assumption is and then decide whether you agree or disagree with the assumption. Once you decide,
17、 your attitude toward the argument will change. Careful, honest writers know what their assumptions are and lay the most important ones out for all to judge. Hidden assumptions may be all right for humor or fairly harmless in topical journalism, but they can be dangerous in serious written argument.
18、 Important assumptions should be explicit and detailed, for then the reader can judge their validity. If you do not agree with a writers assumptions, then you will never agree with his/her arguments. As indicated above, an assumption is a belief that we take for granted as a basis for an assertion.
19、All kinds of statements rely on assumptions-questions, commands, promises, and assertions. The simple command “Pass the salt“ is based on several assumptions, including that the salt can be passed, that you can pass it, and that I have the right to ask you to pass it. Some assumptions are unexpresse
20、d. We would be the joke of the neighbourhood if we went around articulating our assumptions every time we asked someone to pass the salt. We get into trouble, however, when we fail to recognize important assumptions that subtly guide our thoughts. Sophocles said, “Reason is Gods crowning gift to man
21、. “A statement like this seems innocent enough. When we think about it, we easily recognize that he was basing the statement on two major assumptions: (1) that man has a mind, and (2) that God exists. Hidden in the statement, however, are some subtle assumptions that we may or may not support, inclu
22、ding: (1) God is a personal force capable of making a gift; (2) reason is a more important gift than heart, soul, or body; and (3) womans mind is not a gift of God. Once we articulate these assumptions, we might disagree. 21 According to this passage, an assumption is _. （ A） something that everyone
23、 knows （ B） the idea the writer wants to emphasize （ C） the readers knowledge about the topic （ D） foundation of the writers reasoning 22 Assumptions are important for critical readers because they can help readers to _. （ A） grasp the topic exactly （ B） understand the argument passage exactly （ C）
24、evaluate the argument passage （ D） compare the argument passage with similar argument passages 23 The authors attitude toward Sophocless statement is _. （ A） positive （ B） negative （ C） neutral （ D） not mentioned 24 What can we infer from the passage? （ A） A good writer should clearly state all his
25、assumptions. （ B） Once we find assumptions, we will find the writers problems. （ C） We need not clearly express our assumptions in oral communication. （ D） Major assumptions are important for both the writer and the reader. 24 Computer programmers often remark that computing machines, with a perfect
26、 lack of discrimination, will do any foolish thing they are told to do. The reason for this lies, of course, in the narrow fixation of the computing machines “intelligence“ on the details of its own perceptions-its inability to be guided by any large con text. In a psychological description of the c
27、omputer intelligence, three related adjectives come to mind. single minded, literal-minded, and simple-minded. Recognizing this, we should at the same time recognize that this single-mindedness, literal-mindedness, and simple-mindedness also characterizes theoretical mathematics, though to a lesser
28、extent. Since science tries to deal with reality, even the most precise sciences normally work with more or less imperfectly understood approximations toward which scientists must maintain an appropriate skepticism. Thus, for instance, it may come as a shock to mathematicians to learn that the Schro
29、dinger equation for the hydrogen atom is not a literally correct description of this atom, but only an approximation to a somewhat more correct equation taking account of spin, magnetic dipole, and relativistic effects; and that this corrected equation is itself only an imperfect approximation to an
30、 infinite set of quantum field-theoretical equations. Physicists, looking at the original Schrodinger equation, learn to sense in it the presence of many invisible terms in addition to the differential terms visible, and this sense inspires an entirely appropriate disregard for the purely technical
31、features of the equation. This very healthy skepticism is foreign to the mathematical approach. Mathematics must deal with well-defined situations. Thus, mathematicians depend on an intellectual effort outside of mathematics for the crucial specification of the approximation that mathematics is to t
32、ake liter ally. Give mathematicians a situation that is the least bit ill-defined, and they will make it well-defined, perhaps appropriately, but perhaps inappropriately. In some cases, the mathematicians literal-mindedness may have unfortunate consequences. The mathematicians turn the scientists th
33、eoretical assumptions, that is, their convenient points of analytical emphasis, into axioms, and then take these axioms literally. This brings the danger that they may also persuade the scientists to take these axioms literally. The question, central to the scientific investigation but intensely dis
34、turbing in the mathematical context-what happens if the axioms are relaxed?-is thereby ignored. The physicist rightly dreads precise argument, since an argument that is convincing only if it is precise loses all its force if the assumptions on which it is based are slightly changed, whereas an argum
35、ent that is convincing though imprecise may well be stable under small perturbations of its underlying assumptions. 25 The author discusses computing machines in the first paragraph primarily in order to _. （ A） indicate the dangers inherent in relying to a great extent on machines （ B） illustrate h
36、is views about the approach of mathematicians to problem solving （ C） compare the work of mathematicians with that of computer programmers （ D） provide one definition of intelligence 26 According to the passage, scientists are skeptical toward their equations because scientists _. （ A） work to expla
37、in real, rather than theoretical or simplified situations （ B） know that well-defined problems are often the most difficult to solve （ C） are unable to express their data in terms of multiple variables （ D） are unwilling to relax the axioms they have developed 27 According to the passage, mathematic
38、ians present a danger to scientists because _. （ A） mathematicians may provide theories that are incompatible with those already developed by scientists （ B） mathematicians may define situation in a way that is incomprehensible to scientists （ C） mathematicians may convince scientists that theoretic
39、al assumptions are facts （ D） scientists may come to believe that axiomatic statements are untrue 28 According to the author, how is the approach of physicists to solving scientific problems? （ A） Practical for scientific purposes. （ B） Detrimental to scientific progress. （ C） Unimportant in most si
40、tuations. （ D） Expedient, but of little long-term value. 29 The author suggests that a mathematician asked to solve a problem in an ill-defined situation would first attempt to _. （ A） identify an analogous situation （ B） simplify and define the situation （ C） vary the underlying assumptions of a de
41、scription of the situation （ D） determine what use would be made of the solution provided 30 The author implies that scientists develop a healthy skepticism because they are aware that _. （ A） mathematicians are better able to solve problems than scientists （ B） changes in axiomatic propositions wil
42、l inevitably undermine scientific arguments （ C） well-defined situations are necessary for the design of reliable experiments （ D） some factors in most situations must remain unknown 30 Just a few weeks ago, economists and market analysts were expecting the Federal Reserve to cut short term interest
43、 rates one final time when policy-makers gather for their first meeting of the year Tuesday and Wednesday. Now the vast majority of analysts believe the central banks aggressive year long rate-cutting campaign is over, and the focus already is turning to when the Fed will begin raising rates again.
44、Based on weekly unemployment data, the rate of job reductions is slowing, and almost every economic indicator reported over the past several weeks has been encouraging. Fed Chairman Alan Greenspan had reason to be optimistic on Jan. 24, when he testified before a Senate panel and seemed far more upb
45、eat about the economy than he had been just two weeks earlier in a speech that sparked a Wall Street sell-off. Analysts now believe it is almost a sure bet the Fed will leave rates unchanged when the central bank announces the policy decision Wednesday at about 2:15 p.m. After an unprecedented 11 ra
46、te cuts in 2001, that would mark the first time in more than a year that the Feds policy-setting Open Market Committee has held a formal meeting without changing rates. On Monday, in the latest report to surpass expectations, the Commerce Department reported that new home sales rose to a seasonally
47、adjusted annual rate of 946,000 units in December, a 5.7 percent increase over November. Last year was a record year for sales of both new and previously owned homes, as low mortgage rates offset the impact of the recession. Last week the Index of Leading Indicators posted its biggest one-month incr
48、ease in more than five years, as eight of the 10 indicators that make up the index turned positive. 31 The weekly unemployment data show that _. （ A） more unemployed are being employed now （ B） less workers are being dismissed now （ C） workers are being better paid now （ D） workers are more confident about their income now 32 The underlined word “upbeat“ in paragraph 2 probably means _. （ A） hopeful （ B） defeated （ C） conscientious （ D） uncertain 33 The author believes that more houses were bought last year because_. （ A） the economic recession was less serious （ B） ma
