1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 455及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 Personal Goal Setting I. Achieving More With Focus A. Goal setting techniques: to give you long-term visi
3、on and (1)_motivation; to focus your acquisition of knowledge; to help you to organize your (2)_ . B. Function of setting sharp, clear goals: to measure and take pride in the achievement; to see forward progress; to raise your (3)_. II. Starting to Set Personal Goals A. Goals are set on a number of
4、(4)_ : create your “big picture“; break these down into the smaller targets; start working to achieve it. B. Work down to the things. HI. Your Lifetime Goals A. First step: consider what you want to (5) _ in your lifetime. B. Try to set goals in your important areas. C. Select (6)_in each category.
5、D. Consider again to have significant goals. IV. Starting to Achieve Your Lifetime Goals A. Set a 25-year-plan of (7) _ to achieve your lifetime goals. B. Create a (8)_list of things to work towards your lifetime goals. C. Review your plans. V. Staying on Course (9) _ your to-do list on a daily basi
6、s. VI. Achieving Goals A. Enjoy the satisfaction; B. If the achieved goal was big, (10)_yourself appropriately. SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview.
7、At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 What suggestion does Ms Lion give to the students using Internet as an information source? （ A） Finding out how the website is organized first. （ B） Going through
8、the list of indexes may help. （ C） Staying focused and trying not to get lost. （ D） Having a quiet place so they wont be disrupted. 12 If a student can meet the requirement of several scholarships, they should （ A） decide which ones are the most worthy. （ B） spare enough time so they can apply for a
9、ll of them. （ C） write to the scholarship agency immediately. （ D） concentrate on applying for the largest scholarships. 13 Which of the following is a reason for asking for a self-addressed stamped envelope? （ A） Its the requirement of the admission office. （ B） The address is clear so that materia
10、ls wont get lost. （ C） Such mails will be delivered much faster. （ D） It saves students money on buying the envelopes. 14 How should students prepare their personal statements? （ A） Send the same copies of their personal statements to all the scholarships they apply for. （ B） Seek for help from thei
11、r professors when they write their personal statements. （ C） Ask the instructor to proofread the personal statements before sending them out. （ D） Emphasize the most relevant aspects of themselves or their projects. 15 What is the last thing to do before submitting the application materials? （ A） Ge
12、tting letters of recommendation. （ B） Making sufficient transcript copies. （ C） Proofreading everything carefully. （ D） Finding a particularly lucky post date. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that
13、 follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a factor to make retail sales rise? （ A） More money spent on clothing. （ B） More automobile sales. （ C） Stationery promotions. （ D） Lower luxury taxes. 17 Billy
14、Ray White has applied for parole for （ A） 6 times. （ B） 10 times. （ C） 20 times. （ D） 24 times. 18 The parole board denied Whites parole because （ A） he wrote threatening letters while he was in jail. （ B） he was sentenced two life sentences for his crimes. （ C） the Hall family held a campaign to ke
15、ep him in prison. （ D） they believe setting him free does no good to the society. 19 Mr. Netanyahu said his plan would greatly benefit the following group EXCEPT （ A） young couples. （ B） students. （ C） retired soldiers. （ D） officers on duty. 20 What is the ongoing demonstration against? （ A） Bureau
16、cracy. （ B） Public transportation. （ C） High housing prices. （ D） Unemployment. 20 At Harvard College in September, a controversy erupted over the adoption of a “freshman pledge, “ which for the first time asked incoming students to sign a commitment to act with respect, integrity, and kindness in o
17、rder to “promote understanding.“ Libertarian commentator Virginia Postrel, wrote that “treating kindness as the way to civil discourse doesnt show students how to argue with accuracy and respect.“ Harry R. Lewis, a former dean of Harvard College and someone with an excellent perspective on undergrad
18、uate education, warned that it impinged on freedom of thought and that “a student would be breaking the pledge if she woke up one morning and decided it was more important to achieve intellectually than to be kind.“ Has empathy become the new scapegoat in the long-standing concern about academic att
19、ainment in American schools? Books like Academically Adrift chart the decline in academic rigor on American college campuses, citing the plummeting hours that students spend on studying and critical thinking skills. But theres also been a troubling, and concurrent decrease in empathy over the past t
20、hirty years. A study of 14, 000 college students published in Personality and Social Psychology Review in 2011 showed that the majority of college students today are less empathetic than their predecessors of prior decades. And other research even shows that education (like medical school!) can actu
21、ally wring the empathy out of students. Many people are squeamish about calls to increase empathy in young people because they wrongly assume that the ability to empathize is incompatible with traits like logic, reason, and impartiality. Weve now entered a debate about how nice we should be or, rath
22、er, how nice we can afford to be and still stay competitive as a society, clinging to the pernicious belief that anything beneficial to young people must be painful and that we are in a rat race that is a zero-sum game. In fact, there need be no tradeoff, at Harvard or anywhere else, between intelle
23、ctual rigor and kindness. This is a false dichotomy, like the belief that a sick person must choose between a competent doctor and a humane one. Indeed, empathetic behaviorlistening well, for example actually makes a doctor better able to diagnose and treat illness, and studies show that when doctor
24、s are empathetic, their patients need less medication to relieve pain and less time to heal wounds. People often equate empathy with gentleness and passivity. But empathy is really just a cognitive walk in another persons shoes. An empathetic person is, fundamentally, a curious and imaginative perso
25、n. Empathy involves a search for understanding. And we need todays students to understand the world better in order to respond to its seemingly intractable problems. Many educators agree that the intellectual skills required for the 21st century depend on not only a mastery of facts and figures, but
26、 also on complex communication, flexibility, collaboration, adaptability, and innovation. We live in a more open society than ever, with greater mixing of people and ideas. The ability to master a new language, to translate scientific findings into policy, or to weave the concerns of one field into
27、the terms of another (the way a Macintosh computer melds engineering and design), requires students to step outside of their own life experience and habits of mind. Steve Jobs had empathy for his customers. Of course, we can always find examples of world-class thinkers who are oblivious to peoples f
28、eelings. But that doesnt negate the fact that the vast majority of students will need to assume the perspective of others in order to get ahead in life. We can call this empathy. Or we can call it 21st century learning. Its both. Empathy doesnt always lead to more moral behavior, but it can lead to
29、more intelligent behavior. 21 Virginia Postrels attitude towards the adoption of a “freshman pledge“ is （ A） favorable. （ B） scrupulous. （ C） incredulous. （ D） impartial. 22 “. education (like medical school!) can actually wring the empathy out of students“ (Para. 2) probably means （ A） college stud
30、ents possess less EQ than their predecessors. （ B） college students are trained to be blessed with much empathy. （ C） college students are forced to show empathy for others. （ D） college students need to show more empathy for others. 23 The authors believes that （ A） empathy doesnt affect college st
31、udents performance. （ B） empathy contributes to the development of logic and reason. （ C） a doctor must be a person with great empathy and skills. （ D） a doctors empathy is more effective than medication. 24 According to the passage, an empathetic person can be all the following EXCEPT （ A） smart. （
32、 B） ethical. （ C） creative. （ D） inquisitive. 25 The author wants to argue in the passage that （ A） being kind and being smart are not mutually exclusive. （ B） whether Harvards “freshman pledge“ should be adopted or not. （ C） empathy has become the new scapegoat of academic decline. （ D） when the de
33、bate over Harvards “freshman pledge“ will be ended. 25 The town itself is dreary; not much is there except the cotton mill, the two-room houses where the workers live, a few peach trees, a church with two colored windows, and a miserable main street only a hundred yards long. On Saturdays the tenant
34、s from the near-by farms come in for a day of talk and trade. Otherwise the town is lonesome, sad, and like a place that is far off and estranged from all other places in the world. The nearest train stop is Society City, and the Greyhound and White Bus Lines use the Forks Falls Road which is three
35、miles away. The winters here are short and raw, the summers white with glare and fiery hot. If you walk along the main street on an August afternoon there is nothing whatsoever to do. The largest building, in the very center of the town, is boarded up completely and leans so far to the right that it
36、 seems bound to collapse at any minute. The house is very old. There is about it a curious, cracked look that is very puzzling until you suddenly realize that at one time, and long ago, the right side of the front porch had been painted, and part of the wall but the painting was left unfinished and
37、one portion of the house is darker and dingier than the other. The building looks completely deserted. Nevertheless, on the second floor there is one window which is not boarded) sometimes in the late afternoon when the heat is at its worst a hand will slowly open the shutter and a face will look do
38、wn on the town. It is a face like the terrible dim faces known in dreams sexless and white, with two gray crossed eyes which are turned inward so sharply that they seem to be exchanging with each other one long and secret gaze of grief. The face lingers at the window for an hour or so, then the shut
39、ters are closed once more, and as likely as not there will not be another soul to be seen along the main street. These August afternoons when your shift is finished there is absolutely nothing to do; you might as well walk down to the Forks Falls Road and listen to the chain gang. However, here in t
40、his very town there was once a cafe. And this old boarded-up house was unlike any other place for many miles around. There were tables with cloths and paper napkins, colored streamers from the electric fans, great gatherings on Saturday nights. The owner of the place was Miss Amelia Evans. But the p
41、erson most responsible for the success and gaiety of the place was a hunchback called Cousin Lymon. One other person had a part in the story of this cafe he was the former husband of Miss Amelia, a terrible character who returned to the town after a long term in the penitentiary, caused ruin, and th
42、en went on his way again. The cafe has long since been closed, but it is still remembered. The place was not always a cafe. Miss Amelia inherited the building from her father, and it was a store that carried mostly feed, guano, and staples such as meal and snuff. Miss Amelia was rich. In addition to
43、 the store she operated a still three miles back in the swamp, and ran out the best liquor in the county. She was a dark, tall woman with bones and muscles like a man. Her hair was cut short and brushed back from the forehead, and there was about her sunburned face a tense, haggard quality. She migh
44、t have been a handsome woman if, even then, she was not slightly cross-eyed. There were those who would have courted her, but Miss Amelia cared nothing for the love of men and was a solitary person. Her marriage had been unlike any other marriage ever contracted in this county it was a strange and d
45、angerous marriage, lasting only for ten days, that left the whole town wondering and shocked. Except for this queer marriage, Miss Amelia had lived her life alone. Often she spent whole nights back in her shed in the swamp, dressed in overalls and gum boots, silently guarding the low fire of the sti
46、ll. 26 The town can be described with all the following words EXCEPT （ A） desolate. （ B） disgusting. （ C） insipid. （ D） melancholy. 27 Which of the following statements is INCORRECT about the town? （ A） The town seems to be in a terribly run-down state. （ B） The weather of the town is agreeable in w
47、inter. （ C） The largest building is on the brink of collapse. （ D） In summer, people can see a figure in the largest building. 28 It can be inferred from the passage that （ A） the cafe attracted a lot of people to go there. （ B） the cafe was the place where men met and talked. （ C） the cafe was the
48、largest building in the past. （ D） Cousin Lymon was Amelia Evans ex-husband. 29 According to the passage, Miss Amelia was （ A） a woman of handsome countenance. （ B） negligent of other mens courtship. （ C） hurt badly by the marriage that failed. （ D） ambitious to become famous and rich. 30 Which of t
49、he following adjectives best depicts the characteristics of Miss Amelia? （ A） Perseverant. （ B） Eccentric. （ C） Sinister. （ D） Seclusive. 30 Virtually every day of the year sees another art biennial opening somewhere in the world. The role of these exhibitions is to showcase contemporary art, attract affluent tourists and stimulate local culture. Most biennials are a sprawling mess and the worst look like commercial art fairs studded with brand-name trophies. However, those
