1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 467及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 Just as【 1】 _ is famous for the tango, so American 【 1】 _ is well-known for jazz, a typical American inve
3、ntion. Unlike traditional music, which is restricted to European traditions, jazz music is【 2】 _ and flee-formed. 【 2】 _ Jazz is interesting, so is its【 3】 _. The music was【 3】 _ invented by Negroes, who were taken away from West Africa and sold as slaves to the plantation owners in the South of the
4、 country. Their work was hard and their life was short. When one died, the friends and relatives would attend the【 4】 _【 4】 _ On the occasion, a music band often accompanied a march to the cemetery. On the way to the cemetery, slow, solemn music was played, but on the way back home【 5】 _ music 【 5】
5、_ was preferred. The music made everyone want to dance. was the early form of jazz. There were also other musical【 6】 _ that influenced the【 6】 _ formation of jazz. One was the musical【 7】 _ in West 【 7】 _ Africa, from where these Negroes were taken away to America. The other was the【 8】 _ music, wh
6、ich always 【 8】 _ describes something sad-an unhappy love affair, a money problem, bad luck. Still the third was the liberated blacks 【 9】 _ to create a new music form that was fast, 【 9】 _ happy and set a【 10】 _ rhythm to express their 【 10】 _ new-found freedom after the American Civil War. 1 【 1】
7、2 【 2】 3 【 3】 4 【 4】 5 【 5】 6 【 6】 7 【 7】 8 【 8】 9 【 9】 10 【 10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 1
8、0 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 In the first incident, the couple had planned to spend their weekend together （ A） in Boston. （ B） in New York. （ C） in Oslo. （ D） in Washington. 12 The couple failed to meet each other as previously arranged d
9、ue to （ A） the wifes early arrival. （ B） the husbands late arrival. （ C） a computer error. （ D） the receptionists negligence. 13 The 100-page-long leaflet the male speaker got at Oslo Airport contains （ A） funny information about restaurants. （ B） quite boring information about restaurants. （ C） tot
10、ally useless information about restaurants. （ D） insufficient information about restaurants. 14 The suitcase of the female speakers colleague was blown up by the security police probably because （ A） it failed to pass the security check. （ B） it was suspected of containing a bomb. （ C） it contained
11、dirty disease-carrying clothes. （ D） it was suspected of containing smuggled goods. 15 After finally boarding the faulty plane in the Far East, the passengers all felt （ A） nervous and worried. （ B） sorry but helpless. （ C） sick and scared. （ D） cheated and angry. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions
12、: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 About _ Kenyans have demonstrated in the capital Nairobi. （ A） 500 （ B） 5,000 （ C） 50,000 （ D） 2,50
13、0 17 What did the protesters call on the government to do? （ A） To scrap new taxes. （ B） To convene a convention to write a new constitution. （ C） To stop harassing students and halt ethnic violence. （ D） All of the above. 17 Scientists have long believed that constructing memories is like playing w
14、ith neurological toys. Exposed to a barrage of sensations from the outside world, we connect together brain cells to form new patterns of electrical connections that stand for images, smells, touches and sounds. The most unshakable part of this belief is that the neurons used to build these memory c
15、ircuits are depletable resource, like petroleum or gold. We are each given a finite number of cells, and the supply gets smaller each year. That is certainly how it feels as memories blur with middle age and it gets harder and harder to learn new things. Maybe its time for this notion to be forgotte
16、n-or at least radically revised. In the past two years, a series of confusing experiments has forced scientific researchers to rethink this and other assumptions about how memory works. The perplexing results of these experiments remind scientists how much they have to learn about one of the last gr
17、eat mysteries-how the brain keeps a record of our individual passage through life, allowing us to carry the past inside our head. This much seems clear: the traces of memory-or engrams as neuroscientists call them-are first forged deep inside the brain in an area called the hippocampus. This area st
18、ores the engrams temporarily until they are transferred somehow (perhaps during sleep) to permanent storage sites throughout the cerebral cortex. This area, located behind the forehead, is often described as the center of intelligence and perception. Here, as in the hippocampus, the information is t
19、hought to reside in the form of neurological scribbles, clusters of connected cells. Until now our old view of brain functionality has been that these patterns ate constructed from the supply of neurons that have been in place since birth. New memories dont require new neurons-just new ways of conne
20、cting the old ones together. Retrieving a memory is a matter of activating one of these circuits, coaxing the original stimulus back to life. The picture appears very sensible. The billions of neurons in a single brain can be arranged in countless combinations, providing more than enough clusters to
21、 record even the richest life. If adult brains were cranking out new neurons as easily ad skin and bone from new cells, it would serve only to scramble memorys delicate ornamental pattern. Studies with adult monkeys in the mid-1960s seemed to support the belief that the supply of neurons is fixed at
22、 birth. Therefore the surprise when Elizabeth Gould and Charles Gross of Princeton University reported last year that the monkeys they studied seemed to be producing thousands of new neurons a day in the hippocampus of their brain. Even more surprising, Gould and Gross found evidence that a steady s
23、tream of the fresh cells may be continually moving to the cerebral cortex. No one is quite sure what to make of these findings. There had already been hints that spawning of brain cells, a process called neurogenesis, occurs in animals with more primitive nervous systems. For years, Fernando Nottebo
24、hm of Rockefeller University has been showing that canaries create a new batch of neurons every time they learn a song, then slough them off when its time to change tunes. But it was widely assumed that in mammals and especially primates this manufacture of new brain parts had long ago been phased o
25、ut by evolution. With a greater need to store memories for a long time, these creatures would need to ensure that the engrams werent disrupted by interloping new cells. 18 Which of the following is true according to the old view of memory? （ A） The neurons used to build the memory are a depletable r
26、esource. （ B） The reason of memory loss as one grows older is that the neurons are worn out with the increase of age. （ C） New memories do not need the supply of new neurons in the brain. （ D） All of above. 19 How does the brain function according to the old view? （ A） The traces of memory are made
27、in an area called hippocampus. （ B） The hippocampus stores long-term memory. （ C） The hippocampus is located behind the forehead. （ D） The information is stored in only the hippocampus, not in cerebral cortex. 20 We used to think that the neurons_. （ A） need to be constructed in new patterns to stor
28、e the new information （ B） can be arranged to forge countless new cells to record information （ C） can be produced easily as skin and bone grow new cells （ D） all of above 21 What did the experiments of Gould and Gross and Fernando show according to the passage? （ A） The old notion of memory is wron
29、g. （ B） The results of these experiments support the old view of neurons. （ C） Animals have lost the ability to manufacture new brain parts. （ D） The new brain cells will disrupt engrams. 22 What is the right meaning of the phrase “phase out“ in Para.9? （ A） Interlope. （ B） Stop. （ C） Improve. （ D）
30、Arrange. 一、 PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN) Directions: There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question. 23 The largest and smallest states of the United States are_. （ A） Alaska and Rhode Island （ B） Texas and Maine （ C） Texas and Rhode Island （
31、D） Alaska and Maine 24 Elizabeth Bennet is the leading female character in Jane Austens masterpiece_. （ A） Emma （ B） Sense and Sensibility （ C） Pride and Prejudice （ D） Wuthering Heights 25 In Britain, education is compulsory for children from the age of_to （ A） 5, 14. （ B） 6, 17. （ C） 5, 16. （ D） 6
32、, 14. 26 _proposed New Deal. （ A） Roosevelt （ B） Wilson （ C） Nixon （ D） Kennedy 27 Mark Twain wrote all the following novels EXCEPT （ A） The Adventures of Huckleberry Fin. （ B） The Man That Corrupted Hadleyburg. （ C） The Adventures of Tom Sawyer. （ D） The Call of the Wild. 28 What language phenomeno
33、n appears in the sentence of “The rain in Spain stays mainly in the plain“? （ A） Alliteration. （ B） Assonance. （ C） Consonance. （ D） Repetition. 29 The Federal Government s the central government Of the United States. It is divided into three branches: the Executive, the Legislative, and the _. （ A）
34、 Judicial （ B） Justified （ C） Law （ D） Judicious 30 By advancing the theory of _, Bacon showed the new empirical attitutes toward truth about nature and bravely challenged the medieval scholasticists. （ A） inductive reasoning （ B） deductive reasoning （ C） education （ D） scientific experimentation 31
35、 A (n) _ is a unit that is of distinctive value. It is an abstract unit, a collection of distinctive phonetic features. （ A） phone （ B） sound （ C） allophone （ D） phoneme 32 In our daily life we often hear such expressions as Wonderful weather we Pre having or Good morning. Which function of language
36、 do those expressions manifest? （ A） Informative. （ B） Phatic. （ C） Interrogative, （ D） Expressive. 二、 PART IV PROOFREADING thanks to cell phones, PDAs and the Internet, weve never before been in touch and within reach of so many people. And yet, weve never been so lonely, either. Which is to say, o
37、ur loneliness is largely something weve inflicted on ourselves through countless lifestyle choices, many of them good, some even critical. But in the end, is it all worth it? What is lost when we have e-mail pals on the other side of the world, but dont know our own neighbors? Are bigger salaries, b
38、igger cars, bigger homes worth the price of smaller social circles and diminished relationships? Our loneliness has costs; crime goes up when neighbors dont look out for each other. The burden on public services increases when were not helping each other out. And the din of an iPod is no substitute
39、for genuine connection with another human being. Theres no easy way out of our collective loneliness, and no solutions that come without trade-offs. But some of those trade-offs are worth reconsidering, lest we consume our lives with the things that matter least, at the expense of those that matter
40、most. 三、 PART VI WRITING (45 MIN) Directions: Write a composition of about 400 words on the following topic. 35 Write an essay of about 400 words on the following topic: On the Limitation of Book Knowledge In the first part of your writing you should present your thesis statement, and in the second
41、part you should support the thesis statement with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Fail- ure to follow the above instructions may result in
42、a loss of marks. Write your composition on ANSWER SHEET FOUR. 专业英语八级模拟试卷 467答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will nee
43、d them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 【听力原文】 Music comes in many forms; most count
44、ries have a style of their own. Poland has its polkas. Hungary has its czardas. Brazil is famous for the bossa nova, Caribbean countries for the merengue, and Argentina for the tango. Tile U.S. is known for jazz, a completely original type of music that has gained world-wide popularity. Jazz is Amer
45、icas contribution to popular music. In contrast to classical music, which follows formal European traditions, jazz is spontaneous and free-form. It bubbles with energy, expressing the moods, interests, and emotions of the people. Brash, uninhibited, exciting, it has a modem sound. In the 1920s jazz
46、sounded like America. And so it does today. The original of this music are as interesting as the music itself. Jazz was invented by American Negroes, or blacks, as they are called today, who were brought to the southern states as slaves. They were sold to plantation owners and forced to work long ho
47、urs in the cotton and tobacco fields. This work was hard and life was short. When a Negro died his friends and relatives formed a procession to carry the body to the cemetery. A band often accompanied the procession. On the way to the cemetery the band played slow, solemn, music suited to the occasi
48、on. But on the way home the mood changed. Spirits lifted. Everybody was happy. Death had removed one of their number, but the living were glad to be alive. The band played happy music, improvising on both the harmony and the melody of the tunes presented at the funeral. This music made every one wan
49、t to dance. It was an early form of jazz. But there were other influences, too. Music has always been important in Negro life. Coming mainly from West Africa, the blacks who were brought to America already possessed a rich musical tradition. This music centered on religious ceremonies in which dancing, singing, clapping, and stamping to the beat of a drum were important forms of musical and rhythm
