1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 46 及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 An intelligent person will not allow himself to be influenced by advertisements. Instead, he will, first
3、of all, try to get to know about the【 1】 _. regulating them. 【 1】 _ Secondly, he will try to make sane whether he can believe in advertisements. Honest advertisements can be extremely useful because they save a lot of time and【 2】 _ by 【 2】 _ putting sellers in touch with buyers in a quick and simpl
4、e way. The dishonest advertiser hopes to sell his goods quickly to make a large profit before【 3】 _ 【 3】 _ begin. There are also semi-dishonest advertisers who make【 4】 _ for their products which they 【 4】 _ know perfectly well to be incapable of【 5】 _ 【 5】 _ With no advertising,【 6】 _ would be 【 6】
5、 _ sold, so the cost of each article would be higher. The more you advertise, the more【 7】 _ you can 【 7】 _ afford to sell your products. As advertisers become more and more expert at their work, they appeal to all【 8】 _ to 【 8】 _ increase sales: greed,【 9】 _, love of a bargain, 【 9】 _ fear of the d
6、isapproval of other people, etc. However, more and more customers are also becoming suspicious of and【 10】 _ to 【 10】 _ high-powered advertising. This is producing a deliberately modest type of advertisement. 1 【 1】 2 【 2】 3 【 3】 4 【 4】 5 【 5】 6 【 6】 7 【 7】 8 【 8】 9 【 9】 10 【 10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW
7、 Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the intervie
8、w. 11 According to the interview, a nerd camp is a summer camp for children with _. （ A） athletic talents （ B） extremely smart minds （ C） musical gifts （ D） strong scientific interest 12 What do children do in a nerd camp? （ A） They spend most time playing. （ B） They spend most time studying. （ C） T
9、hey try to learn how to get along with other kids. （ D） They go on tours of various universities. 13 The speakers view towards skipping grade is that _. （ A） smart kids should be allowed to skip grades for further development （ B） children should stay within the same group, however smart they may be
10、 （ C） parents complaints are important in deciding grade skipping （ D） children can skip piano class, but not reading or algebra class 14 As far as social behavior is concerned, smart children usually _ children of similar age. （ A） act more politely than （ B） act more rudely than （ C） act just in a
11、 same way as （ D） hate to stay with 15 The speaker believes that _. （ A） intelligence can decide future success （ B） nerd campers will become extremely successful （ C） intelligence can be very important for success （ D） intelligence makes it difficult to define success SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Direc
12、tions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 _ voters defeated the countrys conservative government, which had supported the American-led w
13、ar in Iraq. （ A） French （ B） Spanish （ C） British （ D） Russian 17 In the terrorism in Beslan, Russia more than 300 people were killed, most of them _. （ A） passengers （ B） teachers （ C） parents （ D） children 18 In order to help the people in remote areas of 11 countries hit by the tsunami, a massive
14、 effort is underway to get all the following things for them except _. （ A） food （ B） oil （ C） water （ D） medical care 19 What has caused the huge waves? （ A） An earthquake. （ B） A heavy storm. （ C） The eruption of a volcano. （ D） The seasonal wind. 20 Which of the following is not on the list of th
15、e countries hardest hit by the huge waves? （ A） Indonesia. （ B） Sri Lanka. （ C） Malaysia. （ D） Thailand. 20 The writing of the Constitution of the United States is an act of such genius that philosophers still wonder at its accomplishment and envy its results. Fifty-five typical American citizens me
16、t and argued for 127 days during a ferociously hot Philadelphia summer and produced one of the magisterial documents of world history. Al- most without being aware of their great achievement, they fashioned a nearly perfect instrument of government, and I have studied it for nearly 70 years with gro
17、wing admiration for its utility and astonishment at its capacity to change with a changing world. It is a testament to what a collection of typical free men can achieve. I think this is the salient fact about our Constitution. All other nations which were in existence in 1787 have had to alter their
18、 form of government in the intervening years. France, Russia and China have undergone momentous revolutions. Stable nations like Sweden and Switzerland have had to change their forms radically. Even Great Britain, most stalwart of nations, has limited sharply the power of its monarch and its House o
19、f Lords. Only the United States, adhering to the precepts of its Constitution, has continued with the same form of government. We are not of the younger nations of the world; we are the oldest when it comes to having founded the government which suits it best. It is instructive to remember the 55 me
20、n who framed this document. Elder statesmen like George Washington and Benjamin Franklin contributed little to the debate but greatly to the stability and inspiration of the convention. Thomas Jefferson, perhaps the most brilliant American of those days, missed the meetings entirely he was on diplom
21、atic duty in France. The hard central work of determining the form of government seems to have been done by a handful of truly great men. James Madison and George Mason of Virginia, Roger Sherman of Connecticut, James Wilson and Gouverneur Morris of Pennsylvania. Alexander Hamilton of New York did n
22、ot speak much but did exert considerable influence. The 55 contained a college president, a banker, a merchant, a great reaches of lawyer, a judge, a mayor, a clergyman, a state governor and a surgeon. One-sixth of the members were foreign born. Two were graduates of Oxford University, one of St. An
23、drews in Scotland. But the group also contained some real nonentities, in- eluding a military man who had been court-martialed for cowardice during the Revolution, some who contributed nothing to the debate, and some who were not quite able to follow what was being debated. What this mix of men did
24、was create a miracle in which every American should take pride. Their decision to divide the power of the government into three parts-Legislative, Executive, Judicial-was a master stroke, as was the clever way in which they protected the interests of small states by giving each state two Senators, r
25、egardless of population, and the interest of large states by apportioning the House of Representatives according to population. But I think they should be praised mostly because they attended to those profound principles by which free men have through the centuries endeavored to govern themselves. T
26、he accumulated wisdom of making speaks in this Constitution. 21 What is the major point that the author is making in the article? （ A） The Constitution, one of the greatest documents of the world, was written by fifty-five men of varying talents and backgrounds. （ B） The Constitution owes its greatn
27、ess to the fact that it has never changed in a changing world. （ C） The Constitution was written by many people working together cooperatively. （ D） The Constitution was written by many people, all of whom were thinkers of the highest order. 22 Which of the following statements about the 55 men fram
28、ing the Constitution is TRUE? （ A） Alexander Hamilton was not among them. （ B） All of them were famous. （ C） All of them contributed much to the framing. （ D） George Washington and Benjamin Franklin were among them. 22 “The US economy is rapidly deteriorating,” says Mr. Grannis. “The odds of a reces
29、sion are now very high, perhaps by the end of the year.” There are already some signs that important pillars are weakening. Consumer confidence has fallen for the past two months. The housing sector, which has been buoyant, is starting to sink. Corporate profits are falling. Some analysts are especi
30、ally concerned over the sharp fall of commodity prices. They believe it represents the threat of deflation, it could cause a global slowdown. “The Fed will have to act forcefully to arrest the deflationary forces,” says Robert Lamorte, chairman of Behavioral Economics, a consulting firm in San Diego
31、. But others counter that the central bank doesnt need to intervene. They argue the Fed should wait to see real data before acting. “The fundamentals are better than the stock market reflects“, says Peter Kretzmer, an economist at Nations-Bane Montgomery Security. Indeed, President Clinton tried to
32、do his part to calm the market during his trip to Moscow, citing the strong job market and balanced budget. “We believe our fundamental economic policy is sound,“ he said. His comments echoed statements by Peter Rubin in Washington. Some numbers do continue to reflect a strong economy. On Sep. 1, th
33、e Conference Board released its index of leading indicators. The index rose 0. 4 percent, prompting the business organization to predict that the nations output should increase at a moderate pace for the rest of 1998. The group sees little risk of recession in the near term. But what has changed is
34、the global economy. Japan and the rest of Asia are in recession. The woes are spreading to Latin America. “Im now convinced we are going to have a global economic recession,“ says Sung Won Sohn, chief economist at Norwest Corp, a Minneapolis-based bank. But, he added, its not certain the US will sli
35、de into a period of negative growth. He rates the risk of recession at only 10 to 15 percent. “We will be responding to the world economic situation rather than leading it,“ he says. Still, Fed watchers dont think the central bank will act to try to save the world. “Its inconceivable the Fed could m
36、ake much difference in Asia, Russia, or Latin America,“ says Lyle Gramley, a former Fed governor. After the last stock market crash, in 1987, the Federal Reserve acted quickly to provide liquidity to the markets and to lower interest rates. But the economy is in better shape this time. The banking s
37、ector is stronger and the financial markets have been able to respond to the enormous trading volume. “It is not the Feds job to manage the stock market,“ says Mr. Kretzmer. But the Fed will keep a close watch on Wall Street. If the market were to shave another 1,500 points off the Dow by the end of
38、 September, “then the Fed would think a- bout lowering interest rates,“ says Mr. Gramley. In his view, the Feds main concern will be the impact of a sliding market on consumer confidence. Since 40 percent of the nation has investments in the stock market, any prolonged slide might make individuals f
39、eel less wealthy. They would cut back on vacations and “splurge“ purchases. He expects the central bank to watch the next consumer confidence surveys and housing statistics closely. 23 What did President Clinton try to do during his trip to Moscow? （ A） To pacify the market. （ B） To make a speech on
40、 American economy. （ C） To intervene. （ D） To cooperate with Russian to pursue sustainable development. 24 What is the Feds main concern according to Mr. Gramley? （ A） To provide liquidity to the market. （ B） To keep a close watch on Wall Street, if there is a stock market crash, it will lower inter
41、est rates. （ C） To observe the influence of a sliding market on consumer confidence and give a timely response. （ D） To prevent the stock market from sliding too much. 25 Which of the following is the most appropriate title for this passage? （ A） Threat of Deflation in US. （ B） Economic Situation in
42、 US. （ C） Where US Economy is Heading. （ D） The Sign of Recession in US Economy. 25 No one can be a great thinker who does not realize that as a thinker it is his first duty to follow his intellect to whatever conclusions it may lead. Truth gains more even by the errors of one who, with due study an
43、d preparation, thinks for himself, than by the true opinions of those who only hold them because they do not suffer themselves to think. Not that it is solely, or chiefly, to form great thinkers that freedom of thinking is required. On the contrary, it is as much or even more indispensable to enable
44、 average human beings to attain the mental stature which they are capable of. There have been, and may again be, great individual thinkers in a general atmosphere of mental slavery. But there never has been, nor ever will be, in that atmosphere an intellectually active people. Where any people has m
45、ade a temporary approach to such a character, it has been be- cause the dread of heterodox speculation was for a time suspended. Where there is a tacit convention that prince-pies are not to be disputed: which can occupy humanity is considered to be closed, we cannot hope to find that generally high
46、 scale of mental activity which had made some periods of history so remarkable. Never when controversy avoided the subjects which was large and important enough to kindle enthusiasm was the mind of a people stirred up from its foundations and the impulse given which raised even persons of the most o
47、rdinary intellect to something of the dignity of thinking beings. He who knows only his own side of the case knows little of that. His reasons may be good, and no one may have been able to refute them. But if he is equally unable to refute the reasons on the opposite side; if he does not so much as
48、know what they are, he has no ground for preferring either opinion. The rational position for him would be suspension of judgment, and unless he contents himself with that, he is either led by authority, or adopts, like the generality of the world, the side to which he feels the most inclination. No
49、r is it enough that he should hear the arguments of adversaries from his own teachers, presented as they state them, and ac- companied by what they offer as refutations, or bring them into real contact with his own mind. He must be a- ble to hear them from persons who actually believe them; who defend them in earnest,
