1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 506及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 The Problems Learners of English Face The problems learners of English face can be divided into three bro
3、ad categories: a)【 1】 problems, some of which involve fear of !he unknown, and some of which are caused by the possible homesickness of the overseas student. b)culture problems, which are bound up with the British way of life, including【 2】 , habits and traditions. c)【 3】 problems, for which there a
4、re a number of reasons: First, it seems to overseas students that English people speak very【 4】 . Second, they speak with a variety of【 5】 . Third, different styles of speech are used. What can a student do to overcome these difficulties? He should attend【 6】 and use a language laboratory as much as
5、 possible. He should also listen to programmes in English on the radio and TV. Most important of all, he should take every opportunity to speak with【 7】 . Finally. I have some advice for students who have difficulty in speaking English fluently. Firstly, he must【 8】 what he wants to say. Secondly, h
6、e must try to【 9】 in English. This will only begin to take place when his use of English becomes【 10】 . 1 【 1】 2 【 2】 3 【 3】 4 【 4】 5 【 5】 6 【 6】 7 【 7】 8 【 8】 9 【 9】 10 【 10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the que
7、stions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 Employees in the US are paid for their time. This means that they are supposed to _. （ A） work hard
8、 while their boss is around （ B） come to work when there is work required to be done （ C） work with initiative and willingness （ D） work through their lunch break 12 One of the advantages of flexible working hours is that_. （ A） pressure from work can be reduced （ B） working women can have more time
9、 at home （ C） traffic and commuting problems can not be solved （ D） personal relationships in offices can be improved 13 On the issue of working contracts in the US, which statement is NOT correct? （ A） Performance at work matters more than anything else. （ B） There are laws protecting employees wor
10、king rights. （ C） Good reasons must be provided in order to fire workers. （ D） Working contracts in the US are mostly short-term ones. 14 We can assume from the interview that an informal atmosphere might be found in_. （ A） small firms （ B） major banks （ C） big corporations （ D） law offices 15 The i
11、nterview is mainly about_in the USA. （ A） office hierarchies （ B） office conditions （ C） office roles （ D） office life SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, yo
12、u will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 According to the news, who claimed responsibility for the rocket attack? （ A） A 36-year-old Israeli man. （ B） Palestinian militants. （ C） Israels offensive. （ D） Hamas 17 50 Palestinians or so have been killed in the raids which began _ ago. （ A
13、） 12 weeks （ B） 12 days （ C） 2 weeks （ D） 2 days 17 The need for solar electricity is clear. It is safe, ecologically sound, efficient, continuously available, and it has no moving parts. The basic problem with the use of solar photo-voltaic devices is economic, but until recently very little progre
14、ss has been made toward the development of low-cost photo-voltaic devices. The larger part of the research funding has been devoted to study of single-crystal silicon solar cells, despite the evidence, including that of the leading manufacturers of crystalline silicon, that the technique holds littl
15、e promise. The reason for this pattern is understandable and historical. Crystalline silicon is the active element in the very successful semiconductor industry, and virtually all of the solid state devices contain silicon transistors and diodes. Crystalline silicon, however, is particularly unsuita
16、ble to terrestrial solar cells. Crystalline silicon solar cells work well and are successfully used in the space program, where cost is not an issue. While single-crystal silicon had been proven in extraterrestrial use with efficiencies as high as 18 percent, and other more expensive and scarce mate
17、rials such as gallium arsenide can have even higher efficiencies, costs must be reduced by a factor of more than 100 to make them practical for commercial use. Besides the fact that the starting crystalline silicon is expensive, 95 percent of it is wasted and does not appear in the final device. Rec
18、ently, there have been some imaginative attempts to make polycrystalline and ribbon silicon, which are lower in cost than high-quality single-crystals; but to date the efficiencies of these apparently lower-cost arrays have been unacceptably small. Moreover, these materials are cheaper only because
19、of the introduction of disordering in crystalline semiconductors, and disorder degrades the efficiencies of crystalline solar cells. This dilemma can be avoided by preparing completely disordered or amorphous materials. Amorphous materials have disordered atomic structure as compared to crystalline
20、materials; that is, they have only short-range order rather than the long-range periodicity of crystals. The advantages of amorphous solar ceils are impressive. Whereas crystals can be grown as wafers about four inches in diameter, amorphous materials can be grown over large areas in a single proces
21、s, whereas crystalline silicon must be made 200 micron of the proper amorphous materials in necessary. Crystalline silicon solar cells cost in excess of $ 100 per square foot, but amorphous films can be created at a cost of about 50 cents per square foot. Although many scientists were aware of the v
22、ery low cost of amorphous solar cells, they felt that they could never be manufactured with the efficiencies necessary to contribute significantly to the demand for electric power. This was based on a misconception about the feature which determines efficiency. For example, it is not the conductivit
23、y of the material in the dark which is relevant, but only the photo-conductivity, that is, the conductivity in the presence of sunlight. Already, solar cells with efficiencies well above 6 percent have been developed using amorphous materials, and further research will doubtlessly find even less cos
24、tly amorphous materials with higher efficiencies. (499) 18 The author is primarily concerned with _. （ A） discussing the importance of solar energy （ B） presenting a history of research on energy sources （ C） describing a possible solution to the problem of the cost of photo-voltaic cells （ D） advoc
25、ating increased government funding for research on alternative energy source 19 The material in the passage could best be used in an argument for _. （ A） increased funding for research on amorphous materials （ B） further study of the history of silicon crystals （ C） increased reliance on solar energ
26、y （ D） training more scientists to study energy problems 20 The tone of the passage can best be described as _. （ A） biased and unprofessional （ B） tentative and inconclusive （ C） analytical and optimistic （ D） concerned and conciliatory 一、 PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN) Directions: There are t
27、en multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question. 21 Which of the following tribes came to Britain first? （ A） The Angles. （ B） The Saxons. （ C） The Gads. （ D） The Jutes. 22 38._was the first American president who visited new China. （ A） Nixon （ B） Regan （ C） Bu
28、sh （ D） Clinton 23 Under_, the French Canadian farming economy of the St. Lawrence valley and its language, religion and customs continued unchanged. （ A） the Quebec Act of 1774 （ B） the Treaty of Paris in 1763 （ C） the Constitutional Act of 1791 （ D） the Act of Union in 1840 24 Whose masterpiece Th
29、e Great Gatsby made him one of the greatest American novelists? （ A） Wallace Stevens. （ B） Stephen Crane. （ C） William Dean Howells. （ D） F. Scott Fitzgerald. 25 Washington.D.Cis named_. （ A） after the U.S. President George Washington （ B） after Christopher Columbus （ C） after both George Washington
30、 and Christopher Columbus （ D） after neither of them 26 Which of the following is NOT affiliated to the UN? （ A） WHO . （ B） FIFA . （ C） UNESCO . （ D） IMF . 27 The draft of the Declaration of Independence was written by_. （ A） John Adam （ B） George Washington （ C） Benjamin Franklin （ D） Thomas Jeffer
31、son 28 _ is the largest city and one of the chief ports of the United States. （ A） Chicago （ B） New York City （ C） Detroit （ D） San Francisco 29 In English, nouns, verbs, adjectives and _ make up the largest part of the vocabulary, the open classes. （ A） pronouns （ B） adverbs （ C） prepositions （ D）
32、articles 30 Which of the following is NOT Robert Frosts poem? （ A） Chicago. （ B） After Apple-Picking. （ C） The Road Not Taken. （ D） The Most of It. 二、 PART IV PROOFREADING otherwise you are nearly sure to get caught. Once caught, you can ever again be, in the eyes of 【 M1】 _. the good and the pure,
33、that you were before. Many a 【 M2】 _. young person have injured himself permanently 【 M3】 _. through a single clumsy and illfinished lie, the result of carelessness born to incomplete training. 【 M4】 _. Some authorities hold that the young ought to lie at all. 【 M5】 _. That, of course, is putting it
34、 rather stronger than necessary; still, while I cannot go quite so far as that, I do maintain, and I believe I am right, that tile young ought to be temperate to the use of this great art until practice and 【 M6】 _. experience shall give them that confidence, elegance, and precision which alone can
35、make the accomplishment graceful and profitable. Patience, diligence, painstaking attention to detail-these are the requirements; these, in the time, 【 M7】 _. will make the student perfect; at these, and upon these only, 【 M8】 _. may he rely as the sure foundation for future eminence. Think what ted
36、ious years of study, thought, practice, experience, went to the equipment of that peerless old master who was able to impose upon the whole world the lofty and sounding maxim which “truth is mighty and will prevail“ 【 M9】 _. -that most majestic compound fracture of fact which any woman born has yet
37、achieved. Of the history of our race, and each individuals experience, are sown thick with evidence that a truth is not hard to kill and what a lie told well is immortal.【 M10】 _. 31 【 M1】 32 【 M2】 33 【 M3】 34 【 M4】 35 【 M5】 36 【 M6】 37 【 M7】 38 【 M8】 39 【 M9】 40 【 M10】 SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH
38、Directions: Translate the following text into English. 41 谁是真正的偷鸡贼 ? 养鸡场的老头每天偷宰一只鸡下酒，把鸡毛甩进粪坑。附近的一只黄鼬全看在了眼里。 一夜，黄鼬潜入鸡舍 咬住一只鸡就逃，偏偏让老头给逮住了。狡猾的黄鼬苦苦哀求，说它只偷了一只，又是初犯。老头说： “这鸡是人民的财产，就是动一根鸡毛，也是犯罪。你偷了一只鸡，现在我就剥你一张皮 !”说着就要动手。 黄鼬大叫： “且慢 !就算我偷了一只鸡，该剥我一张皮。那么你呢 ?你利用管理鸡场的权力天天偷鸡，后面粪坑里的鸡毛都塞满了 !你自己算算，该剥多少张皮 ?!” 第二天，老头因
39、打死了偷鸡贼 黄鼬而受到了上级表扬，鸡场的鸡却仍在一天天地少下去。 注：黄鼬 weasel SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE Directions: Translate the following text into Chinese. 42 Wonderful fact to reflect upon, that every human creature is constituted to be that profound secret and mystery to every other. A solemn consideration, when enter a gr
40、eat city by night, that every one of those darkly clustered houses encloses its own secret; that every room in every one of them encloses its own secret; that every beating heart in the hundreds of thousands of breasts there, is, if some of its imaginings, a secret to the heart nearest it! Something
41、 of the awfulness, even of Death itself, is referable to this. No more can I turn the leaves of this dear book that loved, and vainly hope in time to read it ail. No more can I look into the depths of this unfathomable water, wherein as momentary lights glanced into it, I have had glimpses of buried
42、 treasure and other things submerged. 三、 PART VI WRITING (45 MIN) Directions: Write a composition of about 400 words on the following topic. 43 William Menninger listed six essential qualifies that are the key to success: Sincerity, personal integrity, humility, courtesy and others. What do you thin
43、k are the most important things for one to have in order to be successful? Write an essay of about 400 words entitled: The Essential Qualifies One Should Have In Order To Succeed In the first part of your writing you should state your main argument, and in the second part you should support your arg
44、ument with appropriate details (or examples). In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or make a summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Write
45、 your essay on ANSWER SHEET FOUR. 专业英语八级模拟试卷 506答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-fil
46、ling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 【听力原文】 The Problems Learners of English Face Good morning, everybody. To
47、day Id like to talk about some of the problems that students face when they follow a course of study through the medium of English - if English is not their mother tongue. The purpose is to show that were aware of the problems, and that by analyzing them perhaps itll be possible to suggest how some
48、of them may be overcome. The problems can be divided into three broad categories: psychological, cultural and linguistic. Some of the common psychological problems really involve fear of the unknown, for example, whether ones academic studies will be too difficult, whether one will fail in the exams
49、, etc. All students share these apprehensions. Its probably best for a student not to look too far ahead but to concentrate day-by-day on increasing his knowledge and developing his ability. The overseas student in Britain may also suffer from separation from his family and possible homesickness; enjoyment of his activities in Britain and the passage of time are the only real help h
