1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 577及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 The Pyramids Some of the most interesting buildings in the world are the pyramids. The pyramids stand hug
3、e and silent, and in modem days, people look at them and wonder, “Who built them? Why? When? What is inside? How did they do it? “ Thousands of years ago in Egypt, kings built the pyramids. They used to build them as【 1】 . The kings thought the pyramids would help them find life after【 2】 , and join
4、 Ra in his journeys【 3】 the sky. They also wanted the world to remember them as important people. Some pyramids were found by thieves who in fact found their way into the pyramids and into most of the pharaohs tombs. The tombs were still full of treasure. There are many pyramids along the【 4】 River.
5、 The【 5】 is the pyramid of Khufu. It is made of 2, 300, 000 huge【 6】 , most of them higher than a person. It is about 144 meters high. Inside the pyramid are the burial rooms for the king and queen and long passageways to these rooms. The rest of the pyramid is solid stone. Workers usually built the
6、 pyramids when the flood began in【 7】 and they could not work on their farms. To build the pyramid of Khufu, 100, 000 men worked for twenty years. We know there were wonderful treasures in the pyramids. Robbers went into the pyramids and took many of these treasures. Today some of the treasures are
7、in museums, though. How did the people of ancient days build the pyramids? How did they carry and lift the huge stones? Each stone fit so well and they didnt have our modem machines! The ancient【 8】 in Egyptian tombs give us some ideas. The workers used【 9】 , levers and rollers to move stones. Besid
8、es the Egyptian pyramids, there are also great pyramids in【 10】 which were used for human sacrifice and different from Egyptian tombs in shape and other aspects. SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that fo
9、llow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 According to the hostess, what is the reason for increased competition in clothing industry? （ A） The increased c
10、ost of raw materials. （ B） The booming market for fast fashion. （ C） Consumers needs for luxury fashion. （ D） The increased cost of human resources. 12 According to James, the Ethical Consumer Research Association aims to_. （ A） provide information that might reveal the company ethics （ B） study the
11、 ethical aspect of consumers while shopping （ C） do research on ethical consumers behavior and values （ D） give consumers useful information on quality of products 13 According to James, which of the following does NOT make an ethical shopper? （ A） He/she is concerned about the human labor involved
12、in the product. （ B） He/she wonders whether the company in involved in armaments. （ C） He/she wonders whether the company manages to make ends meet. （ D） He/she wants to know which party the company financially supports. 14 According to James, how can one become an ethical shopper? （ A） One should b
13、e wealthy enough. （ B） One should buy cheap things. （ C） One should buy everything second-hand. （ D） One should buy less. 15 According to James, what is his attitude toward the future development of ethical shopping? （ A） Positive. （ B） Negative. （ C） Neutral. （ D） Ambiguous. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAS
14、T Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 Which word can be used to describe the state of government after the event? （ A） Functi
15、onal. （ B） Rebellious. （ C） Collapsed. （ D） Uncontrolled. 17 Philippines President Gloria Arroyo （ A） has been found guilty of wrongdoing. （ B） was forced to step down after 10 of 24 cabinet members resigned from the government. （ C） will continue to run the government according to the constitution.
16、 （ D） had a tension with the new cabinet. 17 The most important thing now is for Democrats not to panic. Despite what your gut is telling you, this is not the end of the world. The republic survived one run of the George lefties will say he was too inside-the-Beltway to energize the angry, disillusi
17、oned masses; and the increasingly unbalanced Ralph Nader will declare him another loathsome Republicrat slave to corporate America. This sort of infighting may feel cathartic, but it is dangerously counterproductive, serving largely to confirm Republicans claims that Democrats lack the core values n
18、ecessary to run the country. Besides, Kerrys problem wasnt his policies; it was his personality. The guy was simply too cerebral, too equivocating and too out of touch with Middle America to wrest enough purple-state voters from even a seriously tarnished Bush. Sure, his Vietnam medals were pretty,
19、but no Democrat who attended Swiss boarding school, hails from Massachusetts and raves about his love of French skiers had a snowballs chance of unseating good ole W. So we ran an unlikable candidate, and we lost. Theres no reason to go nuts and launch a civil war over whether to embrace A1 Sharpton
20、 or Zell (Mad Dog) Miller as our ideological guru for 2008. However we opt to handle our grief, Kerry supporters need to pull themselves together on Inauguration Daybecause if you thought the past four years have been scary, just imagine the policy atrocities to be attempted by a Bush White House fr
21、eed from the concerns of re-election. With George it was a temple. The biggest of the teocalli bigger than the great pyramid-is at Cholula in central Mexico and there are many others. The inside is a huge pyramid. Of earth, the outside, and the temple at the top, were of finely cut stone. The pyrami
22、ds of Egypt were never for human sacririce. But at a particular time in the year and at a particular point in the suns journey, the sides of the great pyramids of Mexico ran with human blood from sacrifices at the top, in the temples of the gods, Tezcatlipoca, the “ soul of the world“, Huitilopochtl
23、i, the god of war, or Tlaloc, the rain god. 1 【正确答案】 tombs 【试题解析】 在听力原文中有这么一个问句 “Why did the Pharaohs do it? ”(法老为什么要建金字塔 ? )后面提到 “the Pharaoh expected to live in his tomb after death”，虽然这里没有明确地说明金字塔就是坟墓，但是也可以证实法老建造金字塔就是为了把它做为死后生活的地方。 2 【正确答案】 death 【试题解析】 这个答案即使通过猜测也能得出正确答案，而且听力材料中也明确提到 “The kings
24、thought the pyramids would help them find life after death.”因此必然选择 death。 3 【正确答案】 across 【试题解析】 原文中提到法老建造金字塔的原因与宗教有关，他们自称为太阳神的儿子，因此希望死后能利用金字塔穿越天空到天国去，因此用 across比较合适，而且原文中的原话也提供了 across the sky这个信息。 4 【正确答案】 Nile 【试题解析】 在原文中提到 “The pyramids were built on high ground, above the highest point that the
25、 Nile flood water ever reached!”(金字塔建在尼罗河洪水所能达到的最高点的高地上 )，从中可以推断金字塔的确是建在尼罗河边的。 5 【正确答案】 largest 【试题解析】 听力材料中提到 “The biggest of them was the Great Pyramid”； the pyramid of Khtffu，只要听到 Khufu就能得出正确答案 the biggest。 6 【正确答案】 stones 【试题解析】 听力材料中提到 “It was made of about 2, 300, 000 blocks of stones, all exa
26、ctly the same shape” 说明建造金字塔的材料是石头，这也是一般常识可以推断出来的。 7 【正确答案】 September 【试题解析】 前面提过金字塔是建于尼罗河边的，则尼罗河每年都会有一次洪水泛滥，给两岸带来肥沃的泥土，而文中也讲得很清楚 “the Nile flood began in September ”因此可以判断洪水于 9月份泛滥。 8 【正确答案】 pictures 【试题解析】 听力材料原文中提到我们了解工人们是如何建造金字塔的是来自埃及坟墓里的古画和古埃及人做记录的古老文字。 9 【正确答案】 sledges 【试题解析】 听力材料中提到古代埃及是在 500
27、0年前建造金字塔的，而那时候古埃及人没有我们现在抬重物所用的机器，他们使用的是 Levers， rollers和sledges。 10 【正确答案】 Mexico 【试题解析】 根据一般常 识我们知道除了埃及金字塔外，在美洲也有金字塔，而且文中说明在墨西哥也有类似的金字塔祭祀的，也给了我们一定的线索，关键是原文中出现了 Mexico这个国家。 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questi
28、ons that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 【听力原文】 W: Hello and welcome to our talk show today. In the next few minutes were going to be asking wh
29、ether youre after value for money when youre shopping for fashion; or fashion thats made with values. Were all after a bargain on the high street. But how often do you stop to consider how some stores seem to stock low-cost/high fashion items quicker and more cheaply than others? Fulfilling our need
30、s for fast fashion means increased production and competition in clothing made in countries with low-wage economies.(1)For example, in a typical British high street, there are plenty of bargains to be had. Handbags at $ 3.99, T-shirts for a fiver and shoes for under a tennerall roughly equivalent to
31、 the price of an everyday meal. But how many of the people shopping in the high street have stopped to think about how its possible to sell clothes so cheaply? Is it because some companies are turning a blind eye to the exploitation in the countries where these items are made? Today, we are honored
32、to invite James Linklater to our program. James is an expert on ethical shopping from the Ethical Consumer Research Association, who amongst other things produced the magazine “Ethical Consumer“. James, just tell us what the Ethical Consumer Research Association is. M: OK, well, the Ethical Consumer
33、 Research Association exists to provide information for shoppers, letting them know what the companies are doing behind the brands that they see on the shelves. (2) W: So what makes an ethical shopper? M: Very broadly speaking, people who are concerned about ethical issues want to know that the prod
34、uct theyre buying hasnt been made at the expense of the people who are producing it, whether its in this country or abroad. They might also be concerned with other kinds of issues: whether the company is involved in armaments, or whether theyre donating money to certain political parties. And that a
35、s a shopper, you might not want to give your money to that party so therefore you might not want to buy a product from a company who is supporting a political party that you dont agree with. (3) W: And is there any kind of rule of thumb? Is something thats more expensive, for example, likely to be m
36、ore ethical? M: Unfortunately it isnt always the case that the more expensive something is, the more ethical it is. We can buy very cheap products and its very likely that when products are cheap, something has suffered in order to get it to us. Whether its the person making it or the animals or the
37、 environment. Quality however, is often a good indicator whether something, especially with clothes, has been made well. And unfortunately a lot of ethical products will cost more because they reflect the real cost of bringing that thing into the shops. So something that has been made in a factory w
38、here the workers have been paid a proper wage will cost you more to buy, simply because the people making it are getting paid enough to live on. W: Do you have to be well off then to be an ethical shopper? M: It really depends. You dont have to be rich to be an ethical shopper. One way of thinking a
39、bout ethical shopping is thinking about buying less. Sometimes we buy an awful lot more than we need. We buy more items of clothing than we need. So being an ethical shopper really means thinking a bit before you go and spend your money in the shops. Some things may cost a little bit more in the sho
40、rt-run, but be worth it in the long run. If you are paying for quality, something will last you longer and then save you money. And sometimes you can buy things second-hand. Theres a lot of charity shops on the high street to buy good clothes. Sometimes you can look a lot better than someone whos ju
41、st bought off the high street because you can have quite a unique look, and the quality that you find in most second-hand shops is really very good these days. (4)So its about thinking before you shop. W: Thanks James. Do you think your ideas are popular among the shoppers now? M: I am afraid not. W
42、hen people buy clothes they wouldnt want to think of them being made in a sweat shop. But I suppose more start to think about shopping ethically. For example, more youngsters want an ethical buy, but their original thing for that might be that they like to wear clothes which are totally different fr
43、om everyone else. So they would start shopping for vintage clothes. Obviously some of them would be second-hand. They might buy a lot of clothes from market stalls, from fashion students maybe. Anyhow, I am sure ethical shopping will be popular with consumers and one day, it might appear as appealin
44、g as the latest fashion. (5) W: It sounds good and Ill certainly be doing my clothes shopping with a little bit more care in future. Thank you, James, for all the useful information and valuable advice you have given us. M: My pleasure. 11 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 细节题。访谈节目中主持人的开场白提到消费者对快速变换的时尚的热衷导致低收入国家的服装业产
45、量激增并使该产业竞争白热化： Fulfilling our needs for fast fashion means increased production and competition in clothing made in countries with low-wage economies. 可见只有选项 B符合题意，因此答案为 B。 12 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 细节题。访谈节目中的嘉宾 James来自伦理消费者研究协会 (the Ethical Consumer Research Association)，该协会的 宗旨是提供给消费者厂家在产品品牌幕后的所作所为，换言之，就
46、是提供给消费者有关制造商的生产销售是否符合伦理规范的情报： OK, well the Ethical Consumer Research Association exists to provide information for shoppers, letting them know what the companies are doing behind the brands that they see on the shelves. 所以答案为 A。 13 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 辨别题。讲座中提到伦理消费者有以下特征： Very broadly speaking, people w
47、ho are concerned about ethical issues want to know that the product theyre buying hasnt been made at the expense of the people who are producing it, whether its in this country or abroad. They might also be concerned with other kinds of issues: whether the company is involved in armaments, or whethe
48、r theyre donating money to certain political parties. 可见伦理消费者关注产品生产是否以牺牲人力为代价，他们也关注公司是否与军备生产有关以及公司支持的政党是否与自己支持的一致等，这里只有选项 C不属于伦理消费者关注的 对象，因此答案为 C。 14 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 细节题。讲座中 James给大家的建议就是要成为一个有道德的消费者并不一定需要多么富有，关键是要做到理性购物，少购物或者可以适当购买合适的旧物： You dont have to be rich to be an ethical shopper. One way of
49、 thinking about ethical shopping is thinking about buying less.So being an ethical shopper really means thinking a bit before you go and spend your money in the shops. Some things may cost a little bit more in the short-run, but be worth it in the long-run. And sometimes you can buy things second-hand. 这里的主要干扰项是C，但选项中的 everything一词过于极端，因此剔除此 选项，所以答案为 D。 15 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 态度推断题。讲座最后主持人问及 James对伦理购物这一理念未来发展的展望， James的态度包含在他的言辞中： Anyhow， I am sure ethical shopping will be popular with consumers and one day, it might appear as appealin
