1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 578及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 Surprising Side Effects of Global Warming Nowadays, a lot of (1)_happened as a result of the warmer clima
3、te, such as rising seas, melting polar ice caps, deformed railroad tracks, etc. There are generally three major (2)_of global warming: 1 .The phenomenon of thawing out. Seasonally frozen areas in the Northern Hemisphere decreased greatly during the 20th Century. In the region across the former Sovie
4、t Union, the temperature has (3)_1 degree on average in the soil 16 inches below the surface. Similar changes have happened to the U.S. soil too, and this will affect (4)_. There is evidence that global warming is responsible for observed changes in seasonally frozen soil and permafrost. 2.(5)_. Owi
5、ng to climate warming, the seasonal thaw runs deeper and extends into the former permafrost which is under the seasonally frozen soil, and the water in the soil (6)_unevenly in the ground surface because of its different volume in different temperature. The consequences of disappearing permafrost co
6、uld be very dangerous for structures. The famous Tibetan railroad is equipped with (7)_to prevent the melting of permafrost, on which it is built. 3.Mountain makeovers. Climate warming has caused thinning of ice or permafrost, which further lead to several northern landslides and rockslides. Rocksli
7、des in the Swiss Alps were also related to (8)_. However, the current researches are (9)_to understand the root cause, the possible consequences, and the ways to improve the situation. There are several causes and effects that havent been explored, such as (10)_. The relationship between climatic wa
8、rming and degrading permafrost may not be so straightforward. SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 s
9、econds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 According to the news, most poor people cannot do all of the following EXCEPT （ A） growing enough food. （ B） feeding their families. （ C） buying enough necessities. （ D） feeding their fowl. 12 The reason for the 8
10、00 million people going to bed hungry is that （ A） there is no enough food for everyone. （ B） they have no access to grow or buy food. （ C） they are lazy and dont want to grow food. （ D） they are used to receiving others aid. 13 Which of the following is NOT a task of WFP as a humanitarian relief or
11、ganization? （ A） Communicate with donors. （ B） Assess the beneficiaries needs. （ C） Get food to the right people. （ D） Contact regional authorities. 14 According to Ms. Bertini, in the mission to end hunger, women play （ A） a decisive role. （ B） a minor role. （ C） an important role. （ D） no role at
12、all. 15 The greatest challenge in delivering food to people who need it is to （ A） raise the resources and delivering food to poor people. （ B） convince people to contribute more food and money. （ C） help people improve their well-being over the long term. （ D） devote more energy to those who are st
13、ill most at risk. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 _ tins NOT listed Hezbollah as a terrorist org
14、anization yet. （ A） Canada （ B） European Union （ C） Israel （ D） the United States 17 Before Sundays vote, Hezbollah had _ legislative seats in south Lebanon. （ A） 4 （ B） 9 （ C） 19 （ D） 23 18 From the news report, we can infer that UN Security Council Resolution 1559 made a decision that _. （ A） dema
15、nd that Hezbollah be disarmed （ B） Lebanon have a parliamentary election （ C） Syria withdraw its army from Lebanon （ D） the murder of Rafik Hariri be investigated 18 Cooperative competition. Competitive cooperation. Confused? Airline alliances have travellers scratching their heads over whats going
16、on in the skies. Some folks view alliances as a blessing to travellers, offering seamless travel, reduced fares and enhanced frequent-flyer benefits. Others see a conspiracy of big businesses, causing decreased competition, increased fares and fewer choices. Whatever your opinion, theres no escaping
17、 airline alliances: the marketing hype is unrelenting, with each of the two mega- groupings, One world and Star Alliance, promoting itself as the best choice for all travellers And, even if you turn away from their ads, chances are they will figure in any of your travel plans. By the end of the year
18、, Oneworld and Star Alliance will between them control more than 40% of the traffic in the sky. Some pundits predict that figure will be more like 75% in 10 years. But why, after years of often ferocious competition, have airlines decided to band together? Lets just say the timing is mutually conven
19、ient North American airlines, having exhausted all means of earning customer loyalty at home, have been looking for ways to reach out to foreign flyers. Asian carriers are still hurting from the region-wide economic downturn that began two years ago just when some of the airlines were taking deliver
20、y of new aircraft. Alliances also allow carriers to cut costs and increase profits by pooling manpower resources on the ground (rather than each airline maintaining its own ground crew) and code-sharing - the practice of two partners selling tickets and operating only one aircraft. So alliances are
21、terrific for airlines but are they good for the passenger? Absolutely, say the airlines: think of the lounges, the joint FFP (frequent flyer programme) benefits, the round-the-world fares, and the global service networks. Then theres the promise of “seamless“ travel: the ability to, say, travel from
22、 Singapore to Rome to New York to Rio de Janiero, all on one ticket, without having to wait hours for connections or worry about your bags. Sounds utopian? Peter Buecking, Cathay Pacifics director of sales and marketing, thinks that seamless travel is still evolving. “Its fair to say that these link
23、s are only in their infancy. The key to seamlessness rests in infrastructure and information sharing. Were working on this.“ Henry Ma, spokesperson for Star Alliance in Hong Kong, lists some of the other benefits for consumers:“Global travellers have an easier time making connections and planning th
24、eir itineraries.“ Ma claims alliances also assure passengers consistent service standards. Critics of alliances say the much-touted benefits to the consumer are mostly pie in the sky, that alliances are all about reducing costs for the airlines, rationalizing services and running joint marketing pro
25、grammes. Jeff Blyskal, associate editor of Consumer Reports magazine, says the promotional ballyhoo over alliances is much ado about nothing. “I dont see much of a gain for consumers: alliances arc just a marketing gimmick. And as far as seamless travel goes, Ill believe it when I see it. Most airli
26、nes cant even get their own connections under control, let alone coordinate with another airline.“ Blyskal believes alliances will ultimately result in decreased flight choices and increased costs for consumers. Instead of two airlines competing and each operating a flight on the same route at 70% c
27、apacity, the allied pair will share the route and run one full flight. Since fewer seats will be available, passengers will be obliged to pay more for tickets. The truth about alliances and their merits probably lies somewhere between the travel utopia presented by the players and the evil empires p
28、ortrayed by their critics. And how much they affect you depends on what kind of traveller you are. Those whove already made the elite grade in the FFP of a major airline stand to benefit the most when it joins an alliance: then they enjoy the FFP perks and advantages on any and all of the member car
29、riers. For example, if youre a Marco Polo Club “gold“ member of Cathay Pacifics Asia Miles FFP, you will automatically be treated as a valuable customer by all members of One world, of which Cathay Pacific is a member - even if youve never flown with them before. For those who havent made the top gr
30、ade in any FFP, alliances might be a way of simplifying the earning of frequent flyer miles. For example, 1 belong to United Airlines Mileage Plus and generally fly less than 25,000 miles a year. But I earn miles with every flight I take on Star Alliance member - All Nippon Airways and Thai Airways.
31、 If you fly less than I do, you might be smarter to stay out of the FFP game altogether. Hunt for bargains when booking flights and you might be able to save enough to take that extra trip anyway. The only real benefit infrequent flyers can draw from an alliance is an inexpensive round-the-world far
32、e. The bottom line: for all the marketing hype, alliances arent all things to all people - but everybody can get some benefit out of them. 19 Which is the best word to describe air travellers reaction to airline alliances? （ A） Delight. （ B） Indifference. （ C） Objection. （ D） Puzzlement. 20 Accordin
33、g to the passage, setting up airline alliances will chiefly benefit （ A） North American airlines and their domestic travellers. （ B） North American airlines and their foreign counterparts. （ C） Asian airlines and their foreign travellers. （ D） Asian airlines and their domestic travellers. 21 Which o
34、f the following is NOT a perceived advantage of alliances? （ A） Baggage allowance. （ B） Passenger comfort. （ C） Convenience. （ D） Quality. 22 One disadvantage of alliances foreseen by the critics is that air travel may be moreexpensive as a result of （ A） less convenience. （ B） higher operation cost
35、s. （ C） less competition. （ D） more joint marketing. 23 According to the passage, which of the following categories of travellers will gainmost from airline alliances? （ A） Travellers who fly frequently economy class. （ B） Travellers who fly frequently business class. （ C） Travellers who fly occasio
36、nally during holidays. （ D） Travellers who fly economy class once.in a while. 一、 PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN) Directions: There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question. 24 Children in Northern Ireland are legally obliged to attend school from
37、 the age of （ A） 5. （ B） 4. （ C） 3. （ D） 6. 25 By _ we mean there is no logical connection between meanings and sounds （ A） arbitrary （ B） duality （ C） displacement （ D） productivity 26 The objective of the Chartist Movement was democratic right for all men, and it took its name from _. （ A） the Bil
38、l of Rights （ B） The Agreement of the People （ C） The Peoples Charter （ D） The Great Charter 27 After the American Revolution,_became the first capital of the United States, being already the largest city in North America. （ A） Philadelphia （ B） New York （ C） Boston （ D） Virginia 28 The United Kingd
39、om is located in （ A） northern Europe. （ B） western Europe. （ C） northwestern Europe. （ D） southeastern Europe. 29 Oscar Wilde was among the most outstanding writers of （ A） Aestheticism. （ B） Realism. （ C） Romanticism. （ D） Materialism. 30 _ is written by William Faulkner. （ A） The Sound and the Fu
40、ry （ B） Walden （ C） The Grapes of Wrath （ D） The Old Man and the Sea 31 The celebration of Thanksgiving Day has been observed to thank _. （ A） God （ B） their ancestors （ C） their parents （ D） the pilgrims 32 The Norman Conquest of 1066 is one of the best-known events in English history and _ replace
41、d the weak Saxon rule with a strong Norman government. （ A） Alexander the Great （ B） William the Conqueror （ C） Genghis Khan the Horse Emperor （ D） Julius Caesar the Great 33 The distinction between parole and langue was made by _. （ A） Holliday. （ B） Chomsky. （ C） Bloomfield. （ D） Saussure. 二、 PART
42、 IV PROOFREADING & ERROR CORRECTION (15 MIN) Directions: Proofread the given passage. The passage contains TEN errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way: (1)For a wrong wo
43、rd, underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank provided at the end of the line. (2)For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a “ “ sign and write t 34 Having stayed in the army for 3 years, he is used to get up early in the morning. SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGL
44、ISH Directions: Translate the following text into English. 35 由小学到中学，所修习的无非是一些普通的基本知识。就是大学四年，所授课业也还是相当粗浅的学识。世人常称大学为 “最高学府 ”，这名称易滋误解，好像过此以上即无学问可言。大学的研究所才是初步研究学问的所在，在这里做学问也只 能算是粗涉藩篱，注重的是研究学问的方法和实习。学无止境，一生的时间都嫌太短，所以古人皓首穷经，头发白了还是继续研究，不过在这样的研究中确是有浓厚的趣味。 SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE Directions: Translate
45、the following text into Chinese. 36 Cell phones may help busy executives keep in constant touch with important business associates, but they may also increase their risk of high blood pressure, preliminary research suggests. A study of 10 German mobile phone users found that when they switched on th
46、eir phone, their blood pressure shot up by 5 to 10 millimeters of mercury, researchers reported in this weeks issue of the international medical journal, The Lancet. Exactly how cell-phone use can lead to increases in blood pressure is unclear, but researchers speculate that the electromagnetic fiel
47、ds emitted by phones may somehow boost pressure. While the blood pressure increases found in the new study are small, they may be detrimental to people who already suffer from hypertension, researchers led by S. Braune of the Neurologische Universitateklinik in Freiburg, Germany, explained. 三、 PART
48、VI WRITING (45 MIN) Directions: Write a composition of about 400 words on the following topic. 37 Some people like to learn foreign language by listening lessons, writing homework and reading books, others like to learn by taking to foreigners, listening radio program, watching TV and seeing films.
49、Which do you prefer? Give reasons to support your answer. Write an essay of about 400 words, commenting and expressing your views on the topic. In the first part of your writing you should present your thesis statement, and in the second pan you should support the thesis statement with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organ
