1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 609及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 Theories of History I. How much we know about history? A. Written records exist for only a fraction of ma
3、ns time B. The accuracy of these records is often (1)_, (1)_ and details in them often needs improvement. II. Reconstruction of history before writing A. being difficult because of the (2)_ of history to us (2)_ B. the most that we can do is: use (3)_ (3)_ and the knowledge of the habits of animals.
4、 III. Theories about history A. Objective: to (4)_ the beginning and (4)_ deduce the end of mans story. B. One theory believes that man continually (5)_. (5)_ (6)_ must be more intelligent and civilized (6)_ than his ancestors. Human race will evolve into a race of (7)_. (7)_ C. The second theory ho
5、lds the mans history is like a (8)_ (8)_ of development. Modern man is not the most superior. Modern man may be inferior to members of (9)_. (9)_ D. The third theory: Human societies repeat a cycle of stages, but overall progress is (10)_ in the long historical perspective. (10)_ 1 (1) 2 (2) 3 (3) 4
6、 (4) 5 (5) 6 (6) 7 (7) 8 (8) 9 (9) 10 (10) SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer ea
7、ch of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 What is special about Mr. Phelpss degree? （ A） It integrates an assortment of courses. （ B） It includes Economics in the curriculum. （ C） Courses are taught individually. （ D） Students learn in separate booths. 12 Which of the follo
8、wing does Mr. Phelps consider the LEAST when applying for the vacancy? （ A） The reputation of the bank. （ B） Good training opportunities. （ C） Room for long-term career growth. （ D） Immediate wages and bonuses. 13 What is Orientation Camp mainly about? （ A） Having fun around a campfire in open air.
9、（ B） Helping freshmen adapt to college life. （ C） Welcoming newcomers at the school gate. （ D） Offering optional courses free of charge. 14 According to Mr. Phelps, being a good manager means all the following EXCEPT （ A） putting his ideas across to others. （ B） solving thorny problems. （ C） explain
10、ing solutions to others. （ D） planning ahead of colleagues. 15 When encouraged to ask the interviewer a question, Mr. Phelps shows interest in opportunities to （ A） work elsewhere in Asia. （ B） receive training in Europe. （ C） rise to managerial position. （ D） make independent decisions. SECTION C N
11、EWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 According to Magdalena Alvarez, at least _ survivors died hours after the a
12、ccident. （ A） 19 （ B） 26 （ C） 6 （ D） 153 17 Which of the following statements about the crash is TRUE? （ A） The number of casualties was 153 on Wednesday. （ B） There accident killed 172 passengers on board. （ C） The crash took place when the plane was landing. （ D） The crash was caused probably by t
13、he engine fire. 18 According to the news, which of the following statements is TRUE? （ A） Humphrey Lyttelton is known to the radio listeners as a weather broadcaster. （ B） Humphrey Lyttelton sought his fame as a guitar player and band leader in the 1940s. （ C） Humphrey Lyttelton produced his first B
14、ritish jazz record which entered the top 20. （ D） Humphrey Lyttelton continued recording and touring with his band until 1970s. 19 More than two hundred years ago, the bagpipes were prohibited as （ A） noisy nuisances. （ B） arms involved in wars. （ C） anti-social pipes. （ D） national instruments. 20
15、According to the news, UEFA （ A） could not agree with Sir Blatter, the president of FIFA （ B） insisted on restricting the number of foreign players. （ C） attributed the success of English teams to foreign players. （ D） proposed a limit of five foreign players in each team. 20 The pounding rain began
16、 in the middle of the night. The people of Jackson, Ohio awoke to the sound then went back to sleep. The next day the rain continued, and the water began to rise. Statistics said Jackson floods once every one hundred years, but no one believed this would be the flood of the century. People were evac
17、uated from their homes to higher ground, leaving everything behind. Buildings in the low-lying areas were immersed in water. People watched as dogs, cats, cows and other animals were swept away. Cars and trucks were carried miles from their homes. The people felt helpless as they watched Mother Natu
18、re show her power. Susan returned to her sixth-grade-student-teaching experience the following Monday. She told the story to her students and showed them pictures from the newspaper. Her inspired and compassionate students took action. They stopped raising money for their trip to Camp Kern and began
19、 raising money for the flood victims. They sold lollipops, wrote letters to the community asking for donations and collected their own money. Even first-graders donated money. Mountains of clothes, furniture and food piled up Susans class made Easter baskets from shoeboxes and filled them with candy
20、 and toys as well as toothpaste, soap, toothbrushes and shampoo. She and I loaded her moms black Chevy Beretta to the ceiling with the Easter baskets. On the trip there, I wondered what I would see; I couldnt imagine losing almost everything. Dusk was beginning to set in, and I felt nervous when we
21、arrived. My stomach dropped when I saw some houses reduced to the railroad ties that had been their foundation. The smell of river water permeated the air. No carpet, furniture, plumbing or appliances remained. Knowing that only days ago this had been someones home pained my heart. How many children
22、 had grown up here? What kind of memories lingered? Would the house ever be rebuilt? The monster flood had dulled its roar and retreated, but its impact would be long-lasting. We drove from house to house, knocking on doors, ready to begin our mission. I was filled with trepidation. Would families w
23、ho had been devastated by floodwater want an Easter basket? The gesture was beginning to seem useless. “Hello, Im Susan Moore, and this is my friend, Allison. My sixth-graders at Pennyroyal Elementary made Easter baskets for you when they heard about the flooding because they wanted to help.“ Their
24、faces lit up as they opened their gifts. As we entered one home, a husband and wife were crouched over their floor with hammer and nails. When he opened the box, he began to cry. “I cant believe those kids did this. Let me give you some money for their school.“ As I glanced at what was left of his h
25、ome, I could not believe his generous spirit. He eventually conceded to write a thank-you note instead. One woman ran out to find us after opening her box, tears rolling down her face. “I collected bunny rabbits, and I lost them all in the flood. There was a small pink rabbit in my box. I can start
26、my collection again. Thank you.“ The burly man standing next to her also had tears in his eyes. My heart was warmed as I played the small role of messenger in this tribute to the good in the human spirit. So often we hear of the shortcomings of our youth, but these youngsters answered a cry for help
27、 and gave proof that generosity and love prevail. 21 In the passage, Mother Nature showed her power in all of the following ways EXCEPT （ A） evacuating people to higher ground. （ B） sweeping different kinds of animals away. （ C） carrying cars and trucks miles away. （ D） immersing buildings in the lo
28、w-lying areas in water. 22 Susans students sold lollipops, asked the community for donations and collected their own money to （ A） raise money for their trip to Camp Kern. （ B） make Easter baskets for the holiday. （ C） raise money for the victims in the flood. （ D） buy clothes, furniture and food fo
29、r the school. 23 Which of the following words best describes what the author saw when they arrived in Jackson? （ A） Peaceful. （ B） Devastated. （ C） Placid. （ D） Prosperous. 24 The word “trepidation“ in the fourth paragraph means （ A） excitement. （ B） agitation. （ C） annoyance. （ D） uneasiness. 25 Wh
30、en the author said “I played the small role of messenger“ in the last paragraph, he meant （ A） he was working as a mailman. （ B） he helped deliver the Easter baskets. （ C） he delivered written messages to the youth. （ D） he helped collect money for the school. 25 When the Dow rockets 300 points or t
31、he stocks of retailers, say, get decimated, I devour the news. Heres my admission: Im a buy-and-hold investor, and a lazy one at that. My employer prohibits us news folks to trade equities on a short-term basis, but even if it didnt, Id still buy and hold. The bulk of my portfolio is in two retireme
32、nt accounts, and neither stock-market gyrations nor major financial earthquakes prompt me to tweak my allocations. I simply hold a fairly routine mix of low-cost U. S. and international-stock mutual funds, plus a bond fund, and I stick to it. Sure, the markets get volatile but I figure that, eventua
33、lly, average historical returns will work in my favor. And, to my mind, stock-market trading, if youre not spending many hours a week working on it, is little more than a guessing game. The fact is, a buy-and-hold investor with a decently diversified portfolio should celebrate her ability to remain
34、firm in the face of financial-news tidal waves which prompt many, less staunch, to jump in and out of investments, often at the worst possible time. Some might say the staunch investor is akin to a passenger on the Titanic, refusing a lifeboat to safety due to misguided loyalty to the idea of “buy a
35、nd hold.“ But as long as three prerequisites are satisfied, that investor is among the most prudent savers around: a well-diversified investment plan, invested in low-cost index funds, with a long-term outlook. In fact, if youre not going to be an active, pay-attention-every-day investor, setting up
36、 a simple plan and then forgetting about it may be the best retirement-savings decision you make. “What is often problematic is the middle ground People will set something up and then follow it intermittently and on a whim make changes,“ says John Nofsinger, associate professor of finance at Washing
37、ton State University and author of “The Psychology of Investing.“ Those who follow the markets tangentially but dont take time for deeper analysis tend to buy high and sell low. If, like me, youre not going to spend time daily on your plan, then set it and forget it. Note that, unless you have a roc
38、k-solid pension plan from your employer and significant other assets, youre going to need to invest Interest rates on cash simply wont get most savers to a well-funded retirement. What to do? 1. Create a plan. That means investing in low-cost index funds covering the U.S. stock market, perhaps 10% t
39、o 25% of your portfolio in international stock funds, plus exposure to bonds (a typical scenario is 70% or 80% in stocks and 30% or 20% in bonds), and perhaps some portion in a money-market or cash-type account. Keep in mind that your focus is not to beat the market. 2. Once your plan is in place, i
40、gnore it. “I do virtually nothing. I do less than I do for my car. Theres not even a need to change the oil,“ Mr. Statman says. If rebalancing worries you, dont even do that except perhaps once every few years. And make sure you focus on getting back to your investment plan, rather than chasing the
41、winners of the moment. “If the stock market went up that year and maybe bonds didnt, so you take a little out of the stock market and put it in bonds to reallocate to where your targets originally were, I think thats a good strategy,“ Mr. Nofsinger says. 3. Accept risk. Yes, stock-market investing i
42、s risky. But over the long haul, investors are rewardedif they adopt a long-term outlook and diversified investment plan. “Risk is not something you want, but oftentimes risk does go hand in hand with return,“ says Peng Chen, chief investment officer of Ibbotson Associates, an investment research an
43、d consulting firm owned by Morningstar in Chicago. Keep in mind: Avoid this risk with money you need soon, say, in the next year or two. And remember that the more you invest in one company, sector or country, the more risk youre taking on. 4. Stay in for the long haul. We have no idea whats coming
44、tomorrow, and past stock-market performance does not predict future results. But what is your alternative? Stick all your cash in a money-market account, a CD or, slightly riskier, bonds? You are not avoiding risk with this plan, simply shifting to the risk inflation will trump your return. 5. Do wh
45、at you can. The investment options available through your retirement plan may not be ideal. Invest there for the employer match, but ensure diversification through an account outside your employer plan, perhaps an individual retirement account or Roth IRA. 26 Why does the author choose to be “a buy-
46、and-hold investor“? （ A） Because his employer prohibits him to trade equities on a short-term basis. （ B） Because he believes that long-term return will balance out short-term fluctuation. （ C） Because he is misguided by the loyalty to the idea of “buy and hold.“ （ D） Because he is an active investo
47、r and keeps an eye on stock markets every day. 27 The word “volatile“ in the third paragraph means （ A） explosive. （ B） transient. （ C） unstable. （ D） lively. 28 When the author mentions the Titanic analogy, （ A） he is in favor of it. （ B） his view is balanced. （ C） he is slightly critical of it. （
48、D） he is strongly critical of it. 29 Which of the following is NOT one of the authors suggestions on investment? （ A） Create a reasonable investment plan with a decently diversified portfolio. （ B） Forget about the investment plan completely, once it is in place. （ C） Remember that risk comes with r
49、eturn in stock-market investment. （ D） Stay in the investment market with a long-term vision. 30 This passage mainly focuses on （ A） a well-diversified investment plan. （ B） investing in low-cost index funds. （ C） a long-term investment outlook. （ D） accepting risk in stock markets. 30 The concern throughout the world in 1988 for those three whales that were locked in the Arctic ice was dramatic proof that whales, several species of which face exti
