1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 638及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 Effective Lecture Strategies Lecturalgia: painful lecture; cause of morbidity for both teachers and learn
3、ers Lectures: promote student learning when used correctly I. Remember the Attention Span of Students A. Students attention the beginning of the lecture to ten minutes: increases tenth to fifteenth minutes: (1)_ (1)_ during lectures: (2)_ (2)_ B. Prompts to reawaken your attentiveness 1. Organizatio
4、nal prompts: (3)_main points (3)_ pausing for questions or discussions outlining key points via the white board or PowerPoint 2. (4)_: using appropriate humor, anecdotes, stories and factoids to flesh out concepts. (4)_ II. Incorporate (5)_to Reinforce Key Concepts (5)_ A. Reasons: Students do not l
5、earn much when learning (6)_. (6)_ B. Ways to do it: group work one-minute papers think-pair-share activities discussions III. Segment the Lecture into Smaller Blocks A. Meaning: try dividing your class time into several mini-lectures that are interspersed with discussions, worksheets, group activit
6、ies, etc. B. Benefits: -(7)_ (7)_ engages students and increases learning. IV. Make Course Material Relevant A. Meaning: communicate teaching material in a way that students can relate to (8)_. (8)_ B. Hodgsons Example: Extract from the lecture notes: clear and vivid What the lecturer actually said:
7、 trying to (9)_what happens (9)_ Students recall: thinking what happens while listening C. Ways to arouse students interest: -(10)_ (10)_ the medium of a vivid example or illustration SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer
8、 the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 Why is it important to have a good relationship with neighbors? （ A） Harmonious neighborhoo
9、d is the most valuable relationship. （ B） Neighbors are the most helpful when help is needed. （ C） Neighbors are as important as family members. （ D） Getting along well with neighbors is good for ones health. 12 Which of the following is CORRECT about establishing new neighborhood? （ A） One who does
10、nt reach out to new arrival neighbors must be rude. （ B） Never reach out to your neighbors before they approach you. （ C） Its impolite to call your new neighbors by their first name. （ D） You can go ahead and introduce yourself to your neighbors. 13 Which of the following is NOT mentioned about nois
11、e? （ A） Loud music is a very big problem among neighbors. （ B） People may not know their loud music is annoying neighbors. （ C） Its-me approach is a good choice to solve the problem. （ D） Noise has become the third largest polluting source in the world. 14 The following is Bettys advice to deal with
12、 unpleasant smells EXCEPT （ A） preventing your neighbor cooking smelly food. （ B） advising your neighbor to open windows. （ C） having your buildings ventilation system checked. （ D） getting support from fellow neighbors. 15 What is Bettys idea about a neighbor always coming around? （ A） He must be c
13、urious to know your personal privacy. （ B） He might be trying to be friendly, or maybe hes lonely. . （ C） He is annoying and you should show some distance. （ D） He is very friendly and suitable to be your friend. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY
14、. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a factor to make retail sales rise? （ A） More money spent on clothing. （ B） More automobile sales. （ C） Stat
15、ionery promotions. （ D） Lower luxury taxes. 16 In contrast to traditional analyses of minority business, the sociological analysis contends that minority business ownership is a group-level phenomenon, in that it is largely dependent upon socialgroup resources for its development. Specifically, this
16、 analysis indicates that support networks play a critical role in starting and maintaining minority business enterprises by providing owners with a range of assistance, from the informal encouragement of family members and friends to dependable sources of labor and clientele from the owners ethnic g
17、roup. Such self-help networks, which encourage and support ethnic minority entrepreneurs, consist of “primary“ institutions, those closest to the individual in shaping his behavior and beliefs. They are characterized by the face-to-face association and cooperation of persons united by ties of mutual
18、 concern. They form an intermediate social level between the individual and larger “secondary“ institutions based on impersonal relationships. Primary institutions comprising the support network include kinship, peer, and neighborhood or community subgroups. A major function of self-help networks is
19、 financial support. Most scholars agree that minority business owners have depended primarily on family funds and ethnic community resources for investment capital. Personal savings have been accumulated often through frugal living habits that require sacrifices by the entire family and are thus a p
20、roduct of long-term family financial behavior. Additional loans and gifts from relatives forthcoming because of group obligation rather than narrow investment calculation, have supplemented personal savings. Individual entrepreneurs do not necessarily rely on their kin because they cannot obtain fin
21、ancial backing from commercial resources. They may actually avoid banks because they assume that commercial institutions either cannot comprehend the special needs of minority enterprise or charge unreasonably high interest rates. Within the larger ethnic community, rotating credit associations have
22、 been used to raise capital. These associations arc informal clubs of friends and other trusted members of the ethnic group who make regular contributions to a fund that is given to each contributor in rotation. One author estimates that 40 percent of New York Chinatown firms established during 1900
23、-1950 utilized such associations as their initial source of capital. However, recent immigrants and third or fourth generations of older groups now employ rotating credit associations only occasionally to raise investment funds. Some groups like Black Americans, found other means of financial suppor
24、t for their entrepreneurial efforts. The first Black-operated banks were created in the late nineteenth century as depositories for dues collected from fraternal or lodge groups, which themselves had sprung from Black churches. Black banks made limited investments in other Black enterprises. Irish i
25、mmigrants in American cities organized many building and loan associations to provide capital for home construction and purchase. They in turn, provided work for many Irish home-building contractor firms. Other ethnic and minority groups followed similar practices in founding ethnic-directed financi
26、al institutions. 17 Which of the following can be inferred from the passage about rotating credit associations? （ A） They were developed exclusively by Chinese immigrants. （ B） They accounted for a significant portion of the investment capital used by Chinese immigrants in blew York in the early twe
27、ntieth century. （ C） Third- generation members of an immigrant group who started businesses in the 1920s would have been unlikely to rely on them. （ D） Recent immigrants still frequently turn to rotating credit associations instead of banks for investment capital. 18 The passage best supports which
28、of the following statements? （ A） A minority entrepreneur who had no assistance from family members would not be able to start a business. （ B） Self-help networks have been effective in helping entrepreneurs primarily in the last 50 years. （ C） Minority groups have developed a range of alternatives
29、to standard financing of business ventures. （ D） The financial institutions founded by various ethnic groups owe their success to their unique formal organization. 19 According to the passage, once a minority owned business is established, self-help networks contribute which of the following to that
30、 business? （ A） Information regarding possible expansion of the business into nearby communities. （ B） Encouragement of a business climate that is nearly free of direct competition. （ C） Opportunities for the business owner to reinvest profits in other minority owned businesses. （ D） Contact with pe
31、ople who are likely to be customers of the new business. 20 Which of the following can be inferred from the passage about the Irish building and loan associations mentioned in the last paragraph? （ A） They were started by third or fourth-generation immigrants. （ B） They originated as off shoots of c
32、hurch-related groups. （ C） They frequently helped Irish entrepreneurs to finance business not connected with construction. （ D） They contributed to the employment of many Irish construction workers. 一、 PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN) Directions: There are ten multiple-choice questions in this se
33、ction. Choose the best answer to each question. 21 Which of the following is NOT the phrase structure rule? （ A） XP rule. （ B） X- Theory. （ C） Coordination rule. （ D） Subordination rule. 22 Christmas Day, December 25th, celebrates the _ of Christ, and is the greatest of Christian festivals. （ A） bir
34、th （ B） death （ C） Crucifixion （ D） Resurrection 23 _ is the central concern to Blakes concern in the Song of Innocence and Song of Experience. （ A） Childhood （ B） Woman （ C） Poetry （ D） Happiness 24 The totality of linguistic varieties possessed by an individual constitutes his linguistic_. （ A） pe
35、rformance （ B） competence （ C） capability （ D） repertoire 25 Martin Luther King, Jr. , a young black clergyman, became a national leader of the _ Movement in the 1950s. （ A） Civil Rights （ B） Boycott （ C） Segregation （ D） Integration 26 Mark Twain is well known for his _. （ A） refined language （ B）
36、rich imagery （ C） local color （ D） sincerity 27 X: If La Coruna defeated Valensia in that match, it would have acquired qualification for the Champions Cup. Y: La Coruna didnt defeat Valensia in that match. X _ Y in semantics. （ A） is synonymous with （ B） entails （ C） positively presupposes （ D） neg
37、atively presupposes 28 _ is written by William Faulkner. （ A） The Sound and the Fury （ B） Walden （ C） The Grapes of Wrath （ D） The Old Man and the Sea 29 Which of the following phrases is an example of an endocentric construction? （ A） on the shelf （ B） beyond the words （ C） an old man （ D） without
38、thinking 30 “The lone ranger rode into the sunset and jumped on his horse“ is a violation of the maxim of _. （ A） manner. （ B） quantity （ C） relevance （ D） quality 二、 PART IV PROOFREADING that is all relative. But since there is little solid information on what is the optimal intake of any essential
39、 nutrient in healthy individuals, it would be impossible to give guidelines that take these proportional needs into the (7)_ account. Just as with other drugs, the relation to (8)_ different vitamin dosages varies, with some people better able than others to tolerate large amounts. While we do know
40、that very specifically what the toxic level (9)_ is for vitamins A and D, we are far less sure about vitamin E, even though it, too, is fat-soluble, and we still dont understand the water-soluble vitamin, the C (10)_ and the B groups, which the body cant store. 31 (1) 32 (2) 33 (3) 34 (4) 35 (5) 36
41、(6) 37 (7) 38 (8) 39 (9) 40 (10) SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH Directions: Translate the following text into English. 41 清晨往松林里去散步。我在林荫路畔发现了一束被人遗弃了的蔷薇。蔷薇的花色还是鲜艳的，一朵紫红，一朵嫩红，一朵是病黄的象牙色中带着几分血晕。 我把蔷微拾在手里了。 青翠的叶上已经凝集着细密的露珠，这显然是昨夜被人遗弃了的。 这是可怜的少女受了薄幸的男子的欺绐 ?还是不幸的青年受了疯狂的妇人的玩弄呢 ? 昨晚上甜蜜的私语，今朝的冷清的露珠 我把蔷薇拿到家里来了，我
42、想找个花瓶来供养它。 花瓶我没有，我在一只墙角卜寻着了一个断了颈子的盛洒的上瓶。 蔷薇哟，我 虽然不能供养你以春酒，但我要供养你以清洁的流泉，清洁的索心。你在这破土瓶中虽然不免要凄凄寂寂地飘零，但比遗弃正路旁被人践踏了的好吧 ? SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE Directions: Translate the following text into Chinese. 42 Five score years ago, a great American, in whose symbolic shadow we stand signed the Emancipation
43、Proclamation. This momentous decree came as a great beacon light of hope to millions of Negro slaves who had been seared in the flames of withering injustice. It came as a joyous daybreak to end the long night of captivity. But one hundred years later, we must face the tragic fact that the Negro is
44、still not free. One hundred years later, the life of the Negro is still sadly crippled by the manacles of segregation and the chains of discrimination. One hundred years later, the Negro lives on a lonely island of poverty in the midst of a vast ocean of material prosperity. One hundred years later,
45、 the Negro is still languishing in the corners of American society and finds himself an exile in his own land. So we have come here today to dramatize an appalling condition. In a sense we have come to our nations capital to cash a check. When the architects of our republic wrote the magnificent wor
46、ds of the Constitution and the Declaration of Independence, they were signing a promissory note to which every American was to fall heir. This note was a promise that all men would be guaranteed the inalienable rights of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. 三、 PART VI WRITING (45 MIN) Direct
47、ions: Write a composition of about 400 words on the following topic. 43 In recent years, college students have more fight to attend social activities, among which beauty contest becomes more and more popular. Some people consider it as a good opportunity for young people to achieve fame and wealth q
48、uickly, while some others strongly oppose it. What is your opinion7 Write an essay of about 400 words on the following topic: Should College Students Attend Beauty Contest? In the first part of your essay you should state clearly your main argument, and in the second part you should support your arg
49、ument with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you hove written to a natural conclusion or make a summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Write your essay on ANSWER SHEET FOUR. 专业英语八级模拟试卷 638答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-
