1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 68及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 The Problems Learners of English Face The problems learners of English face can be divided into three broa
3、d categories: a) 【 1】 _ problems, some of which involve fear of the unknown, and some of which are caused By the possible homesickness of the overseas student. b) culture problems, which are bound up with the British way of life, including 【 2】_ , habits and traditions. c) 【 3】 _ problems, for which
4、 there are a number of reasons: First, it seems to overseas students that English people speak very 【 4】 _. Second, they speak with a variety of 【 5】 _. Third, different styles of speech are used. What can a student do to overcome these difficulties? He should attend【 6】 _ and use a language laborat
5、ory as much as possible. He should also listen to programmes in English on the radio and TV. Most important of all, he should take every opportunity to speak with 【 7】 _. Finally. I have some advice for students who have difficulty in speaking English fluently. Firstly, he must 【 8】 _ what he wants
6、to say. Secondly, he must try to 【 9】 _ in English. This will only begin to take place when his use of English becomes 【 10】 _. 1 【 1】 2 【 2】 3 【 3】 4 【 4】 5 【 5】 6 【 6】 7 【 7】 8 【 8】 9 【 9】 10 【 10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully
7、 and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 What makes many people believe that our future energy demands will easily b
8、e met? （ A） The progress in developing alternative energy. （ B） The abundant deposit. （ C） The development of technology. （ D） All of the above. 12 Compared to alternative energy, one of the disadvantages of fossil fuels is _. （ A） Mining is difficult. （ B） It costs a lot of money to preserve. （ C）
9、They are difficult to be processed. （ D） They are non-renewable. 13 By what is the nuclear energy primarily generated? （ A） Blowing. （ B） Splitting atoms. （ C） Joining atoms. （ D） None of the above. 14 According to some estimates, at most for how long can we use the fossil fuel reserves? （ A） 20-50
10、years. （ B） 50-100 years. （ C） 100-120 years. （ D） 200-500 years. 15 According to the conversation, the use of fossil fuels _. （ A） should be banned in order to save energy （ B） brings some side effects （ C） causes the earth s temperature rise （ D） should not be blamed for the pollution of environme
11、nt SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 What will the agencies help to increase? （ A） Long range inve
12、stments. （ B） Profitable investments, （ C） The number of investing countries. （ D） The number of countries receiving foreign investment. 17 What should host countries proper investment in environment include according to the communique? （ A） A vigorous private sector. （ B） A legal framework. （ C） A
13、flexible labor market and prompt service of debt. （ D） All above. 18 Which of the following is NOT the top country receiving foreign investment is 1991 ? （ A） Mexico. （ B） Urugray. （ C） China. （ D） Venezuela. 19 The discovery by American researchers might help them understand _. （ A） human being8 （
14、B） the mystery （ C） the sense of smell （ D） the space 20 Humans can distinguish about _. （ A） 10,000 different odors （ B） 10 different odors （ C） 1,000 different odors （ D） 100 different odors 20 SANTEE, CALIF - When news broke about the mayhem and killing at Santana High School, Charles Williams fr
15、antically dashed to the school to make sure his 1S-year-old son wasnt hurt. As he searched the chaotic tableau of sobbing teens and panicked parents, Williams called a girl: “Do you know where Andy is?“ Her quiet reply: “With the cops.“ Until that moment, Williams apparently had no idea what his son
16、, Charles Andrew, had planned to that morning when he left their small apartment in this town northeast of San Digeo. But, sadly, others had a clue. The teen had bragged to several friends and at least one adult, 29-year-old Chris Reynolds, about his scheme to shoot his classmates. Some of his frien
17、ds thought it was simply bluster from a kid. Yet two of them were so concerned that they patted Williams down that morning. They didnt go far enough to find his fathers 22-caliber, long-barrel revolver in Williamss yellow backpack. Bombs and hit lists. Even before last weeks shooting, the collective
18、 culture had been changing. Last month, potential disasters were foiled in schools from New York to California because students reported their concerns. Just days after the Santana High shooting, students tipped off police who arrested a handful of kids at several other California schools for allege
19、dly making threats that included plotting to put a bomb on a teachers desk and drawing up a hit list of 16 students. “The climate is changing where young people are more willing to report threats, but that change is happening slowly.“ says Ron Stephens, executive director of the National School Safe
20、ty Center. “Santee is certainly a lesson in that. We must continually work with young people about why it is in their interest to come forward.“ Thats tough task, considering children are taught almost from kindergarten, not to tattle. No one wants to be an in former, but as Tom Hall, San Diego scho
21、ols security chief, says: “We ve got to get kids to understand that there is a proper time to tell. “A recent Secret Service study found that in more than three quarters of school shootings, the attacker told someone, almost always a peer, about his plan beforehand. Only twice out of 37 cases did th
22、at kid tell an adult. “We as lay people, kids and adults, dont need to make the decision about whether someone is joking,“ says Marceta Reilly, superintendent of the Kansas school district where a student last mouth turned in three teens for an alleged plot to blow up the school. “It is important to
23、 turn it over to someone who can investigate it properly.“ Overall, school violence is down, despite the outpouring of high-profile shootings that often produce imitators including many after Santee. No one wanted to take any chances in Elmira, N.Y. , where the entire town has worked to prevent an o
24、ther Columbina. Last month, students noticed an 18-year-old student acting oddly on the bus. After students told school authorities, an officer found 18 pipe bombs and a sawed-off shotgun in a green bag and a 22-semiautomatic pistol folded in his trousers. “Weve tried to foster a new attitude: This
25、is not snitching“, says Chemung County District Attorney John Trice. “These are kids who have decided, I dont want anyone to get hurt. “ Bullies. Some classmates described Andy Williams as a friendly, quiet kid. But others said he was deeply troubled, disturbed by the separation from his mother, who
26、 had been divorced from his father for about 10 years. The youngster was also a frequent target of bullies. Experts believe the Santee shooting will fuel a redoubling of anti-bullying efforts that began after Columbina. Colorado is working on a bill that would require all schools to develop bully-pr
27、evention plans. A new law requires New Hampshire school beards to adopt anti-bullying policies. Oregon is considering a bill that would ban bullying. Some parents and civil libertarians may worry that the Santee shooting will renew zeal for Columbina-inspired, but much criticized, zero-tolerance pol
28、icies. Already last week, stories of students being suspended or arrested - some turned in by fellow teens-were coming in from across the nation. And the schools new credo: Silence isnt golden. 21 How do you understand the word “mayhem“ in paragraph 1 ? （ A） Firing. （ B） Bombing. （ C） Disaster. （ D）
29、 Violent disorder. 22 It can be inferred from the passage that _ . （ A） Charles Williams had tried to prevent his son from the killing （ B） Charles Andrew kept his scheme to shoot as a top secret （ C） people who had the clue of the killing did not take Andrews words seriously except two （ D） some of
30、 Andrews classmates found a revolver in his backpack 23 Which of the following statements is true? （ A） Some of the treats can be removed. （ B） Young people play a minor role in tipping the police off some accidents. （ C） It is found that the attacker is likely to tell his plan beforehand to his pee
31、r. （ D） It is not difficult to make young people understand why it is in their interest to tattle. 24 What does the last paragraph tell us? （ A） Andy Williams parentsdivorce has some negative effects on him. （ B） Andy Williams was rather popular because he used to be quite friendly. （ C） Anti-bullyi
32、ng policies are adopted by all schools in Colorado. （ D） Silence is strongly banned in schools. 24 At 5:30 in the morning we are deep in a dark forest on an island in the middle of the Panama Canal. We ve been out walking for only 15 minutes, but I m already soaked in sweat. As a colleague and I plo
33、d along, my head lamp picks out the occasional trail marker, but mainly the light seems to operate as a major local landmark for insects. Several mosquitoes have already discovered the delights of the soft parts of my ears, while others are slowly working their way between my socks and legs to be di
34、scovered later after much scratching. Suddenly a deranged roaring and barking starts 25m above my head and builds chaotically and intensity before slowly quieting after several minutes. Similar mad choruses respond from other areas of the forest. Hearing the dawn cacophony of howler monkeys always g
35、iven me a deep sense of pleasure - the joy of being back in the tropics. It may be a hot, humid place where insects, plants and fungi rule, but the phone and fax wont find me here. I m free to watch monkeys, collect data and try to tease out a tiny piece of the great puzzle of lifes diversity. That
36、diversity faces disaster, and every biologist has a horror story to tell. Each year many of us return to the field after a cold winters teaching to discover that our research sites have been destroyed and our experiments and study organisms have disappeared. We can see with our own eyes the mass ext
37、ermination of the worlds animal and plant life as forests, savannas and wetlands give way to farmland, housing developments and shopping malls. If current rates of habitat destruction continue, it is likely that we will condemn from a quarter to half the worlds currently living species to extinction
38、 within the next 100 years. Nowhere is life more diverse than in tropical rain forests, and nowhere is the assault on life more tragic. Scientists are only beginning to understand the complex webs of interdependencies among various species. Increasingly, ecological re- search in the tropics in revea
39、ling how dependent humans are on forests for a wide variety of important services, particularly regulation of the earths atmosphere and climate. We may owe as much to the residents of the rain forests as we do our cat- tie, corn and wheat. Much of our understanding of tropical-forest biology comes f
40、rom research on Barro Colorado Island, a 1,600-hectare dot in the middle of the Panama Canal. B. C. I. , as the island is affectionately known to the biologists who work there, is covered with dense tropical forest, which was declared a nature reserve in 1923. The Smithsonian Tropical Research Insti
41、tute facility on B. C. I. , established in 1946, is a Mecca for tropical biologists, who work to uncover the complex links between the large variety of species that live in forests and to demonstrate the importance of these woodlands as sources for medicines and other products of incalculable value
42、to humans. The atmosphere at the research station is probably similar to that at Los Alamos, New Mexico, in the 1940s when a group of the worlds top physicists were cloistered together trying to design the atom bomb. The justified the creation of a nuclear weapon by assuming it would provide the ult
43、imate deterrent that could be used to reinforce peace in a democratic world. Similarly, the longer-term future of human civilization on earth is dependent on the earths forests, which act as its lungs, livers and kidneys. That is why scientists on B. C.I. are struggling to unravel the mysteries of t
44、he forests before they disappear. At first the forest in Panama just looks tike a wall of green. Then you start to notice differences between plant species, and the sheer diversity seems suddenly overwhelming. Variations between plants are often subtle and only apparent for the short period of time
45、that a species bears flowers or fruit. Slowly you begin to identify specific types and family groups such as the palms, heliconias and fig trees. Yet each of these families contains many species, every one of which has a subtle variation on an evolutionary theme that has found a slightly different w
46、ay of competing for limited light and nutrients, or escaping from predators and diseases. The fig trees provide a spectacular example of the complex interaction of species that enables forests to function. Of more than 1,000 species of figs in the world, at least 20 are found in Panama. Most tree sp
47、ecies on B. C.I. bear fruit only seasonally, producing an abundance of it at the beginning of the rainy season in May and June. This is all consumed by variety of birds, monkeys and bats, and by the end of the rainy season, in October through December, there is a major short age of food in the fores
48、t. Saving the day are the fig trees, which may bear fruit at any time. Why do fig trees follow a different fruiting strategy from that of other trees? It turns out that figs are pollinated by tiny insects called fig wasps. The female wasp enters the fig flowers when they appear, lays her eggs and th
49、en dies. In the process she brings in fig pollen, which fertilizes the flower and spurs development of the fig fruit. Meanwhile the wasps eggs develop within the flower into larvae, which feed on some of the fruit before metamorphosing into adults and mating within the fruit. The males then die ,while the females, by now covered in pollen, leave the fig in search of a new flower in which to lay their eggs, thus keeping the pollination going. Research by Allen Herre and
