1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 690及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 How to Read Effectively Many students tend to read books without any purpose. They often read a book slow
3、ly and in great detail with the result that they frequently have no 【 1】 _ 【 1】 _ view of what they are reading. . To read effectively, students are suggested to do the following: 1)To decide precisely on the 【 2】 _for reading a book. 【 2】_ 2)To decide what they arc going to read: a. The 【 3】 _page
4、should be read first. 【 3】 _ b. The chapter headings are useful in indicating what should be read. c. The Index can help to 【 4】 _the pages related to some information. 【 4】 _ 3)To read the opening and final paragraphs so that they could know what a book is mainly about. 4)To ask themselves what is
5、the main part of their reading and then try to answer the question by malting notes, which can help them to concentrate on the reading and provide a(n)【 5】 _which can be re-read later. 【 5】_ 5)To increase reading speed without loss of 【 6】 _. 【 6】_ . Three main kinds of silent reading speed: 1)the s
6、lowest: study speed for a higher level of understanding; 2)the average speed for easier textbooks, novels, etc.; 3)the fastest: 【 7】 _used to get a general idea of a book or an article. 【 7】_ . The results of a survey of students reading speed conducted by Edward Fry: A good reader achieves 【 8】 _co
7、mprehension when he skims at over 800 words 【 8】 _ a minute, 70% comprehension at 250 500 words a minute, and 80% 90% comprehension at 200 300 words a minute. The average speed of a poor reader is 【 9】 _words a minute with a 【 9】 _ comprehension 【 10】 _of 70%. 【 10】 _ 1 【 1】 2 【 2】 3 【 3】 4 【 4】 5 【
8、 5】 6 【 6】 7 【 7】 8 【 8】 9 【 9】 10 【 10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each
9、 of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 Which of the following is NOT true about Sallys education and experience? （ A） She pursues an MA degree in Teaching English. （ B） She has some experience of language counseling. （ C） She dislikes the pragmatic aspects of her major. （
10、D） She currently works for a summer programme. 12 Which is INCORRECT about Sallys education in Australia? （ A） She took courses in both Arts and Science. （ B） There were very limited choices of courses. （ C） It included courses for physical development. （ D） She took Psychology as her minor. 13 What
11、 is the major responsibility of the job Sally applies for? （ A） Helping students to learn by their own initiative. （ B） Designing tests to assess students learning abilities. （ C） Substituting classroom learning with independent learning. （ D） Catering for needs of the disabled and financially needy
12、. 14 What does Sally fail to recollect about the book to help students pronunciation? （ A） Color of the cover. （ B） Accompanying tapes. （ C） Title and author. （ D） Unimportant details. 15 Which of the following can best describe the interviewer? （ A） Critical and aggressive. （ B） Doubtful and fussy.
13、 （ C） Arrogant and impatient. （ D） Sympathetic and experienced. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16
14、Why was Charles Taylor accused of crimes against humanity? （ A） Because he has waged many wars. （ B） Because he supported rebels in Sierra Leone in the 1990s. （ C） Because he has wrongly prosecuted war crime suspects. （ D） Because he started the civil war in the 1990s. 17 1 During the early stages o
15、f the Industrial Revolution, advertising was a relatively straightforward means of announcement and communication and was used mainly to promote novelties and fringe products. But when factory production got into full swing and new products, e. g. processed foods, came onto the market, national adve
16、rtising campaigns and brandnaming of products became necessary. Before large-scale factory production, the typical manufacturing unit had been small and adaptable and the task of distributing and selling goods had largely been undertaken by wholesalers. The small non-specialized factory which did no
17、t rely on massive investment in machinery had been flexible enough to adapt its production according to changes in public demands. 2 But the economic depression which lasted from 1873 to 1894 marked a turning point between the old method of industrial organization and distribution and the new. From
18、the beginning of the nineteenth century until the 1870s, production had steadily expanded and there had been a corresponding growth in retail outlets. But the depression brought on a crisis of over-production and under-consumption manufactured goods piled up unsold and prices and profits fell. Towar
19、ds the end of the century many of the small industrial firms realized that they would be in a better position to weather economic depressions and slumps if they combined with other small businesses and widened the range of goods they produced so that all their eggs were not in one basket. They also
20、realized that they would have to take steps to ensure that once their goods had been produced there was a market for them. This period ushered in the first phase of what economists now call “monopoly capitalism“, which, roughly speaking, refers to the control of the market by a small number of giant
21、, conglomerate enterprises. Whereas previously competitive trading had been conducted by small rival firms, after the depression the larger manufacturing units and combines relied more and more on mass advertising to promote their new range of products. 3 A good example of the changes that occurred
22、in manufacture and distribution at the turn of the century can be found in the soap trade. From about the 1850s the market had been flooded with anonymous bars of soap, produced by hundreds of small manufacturers and distributed by wholesalers and door-to-door sellers. Competition grew steadily thro
23、ughout the latter half of the century and eventually the leading companies embarked on more aggressive selling methods in order to take customers away from their rivals. For instance, the future Lord Leverhulme decided to “brand“ his soap by selling it in distinctive packages in order to facilitate
24、recognition and encourage customer loyalty. 4 Lord Leverhulme was one of the first industrialists to realize that advertisements should contain “logical and considered“ arguments as well as eye-catching and witty slogans. Many advertisers followed his lead and started to include “reason-why“ copy in
25、 their ads. For example, one contemporary Pears soap ad went into great detail about how the product could enhance marital bliss by cutting down the time the wife had to spend with her arms in a bowl of frothy suds. And an ad for Cadburys cocoa not only proclaimed its purity but also detailed other
26、benefits. “for the infant it is a delight and a supports for the young girl, a source of healthy vigour; for the young Miss in her teens a valuable aid to development.“ and so on. As the writer E. S. Turner rightly points out, the advertising of this period had reached the “stage of persuasion as di
27、stinct from proclamation“. Indeed advertise or bust seemed to be the rule of the day as bigger and more expensive campaigns were mounted and smaller firms who did not, or could not, advertise, were squeezed or bought out by the larger companies. 17 An example of a product which might well have been
28、advertised during the early stages of the Industrial Revolution is （ A） a cooking utensil. （ B） new childs toy. （ C） tinned fruit. （ D） household soap. 18 One of the more aggressive selling methods in the soap trade by the leading companies was to （ A） buy out small firms. （ B） take over distributio
29、n. （ C） resort to product designing. （ D） keep contact with their customers. 19 In addition to distinctive packaging, contemporary products should also （ A） draw customers attention to their benefits. （ B） make customers aware of their attractiveness. （ C） display details of the main ingredients. （
30、D） focus on proclamation and promotion. 一、 PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN) Directions: There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question. 20 In the late 18th century, Britain acquired vast, underpopulated territories EXCEPT （ A） Canada. （ B） Austral
31、ia. （ C） New Zealand. （ D） Newfoundland. 21 Irish, often called Erse, is a form of_. （ A） French （ B） Gaelic （ C） Germanic （ D） Welsh 22 Which of the following does not belong to the three principal functions of U.S. higher education? （ A） Teaching. （ B） Research. （ C） Public service. （ D） Social ch
32、arity. 23 Which of the following is NOT written by Kate Chopin? （ A） Bayou Folk. （ B） A Night in Acadie. （ C） The Awakening. （ D） Martin Eden. 24 Which of the following works is NOT written by William Shakespeare? （ A） A Midsummer Nights Dream. （ B） The Tragedy of Macbeth. （ C） Paradise Lost. （ D） T
33、he Tempest. 25 The sounds produced without the vocal cords vibrating are _ sounds. （ A） voiceless （ B） voiced （ C） vowel （ D） consonantal 26 Dr. Martin Luther King, _ , was assassinated in March 1968. （ A） a white clergyman （ B） a black clergyman （ C） a black senator （ D） a white senator 27 The word
34、 “lewd“ once referred to “ignorant“, but now it is used to mean “lustful“. This is an example of （ A） narrowing of meaning. （ B） widening of meaning. （ C） loss of meaning. （ D） meaning shift. 28 _ is written by William Faulkner. （ A） The Sound and the Fury （ B） Walden （ C） The Grapes of Wrath （ D） T
35、he Old Man and the Sea 29 Most poems in Leaves of Grass were about _. （ A） man and love （ B） love and nature （ C） man and nature （ D） nature 二、 PART IV PROOFREADING it is the inner nature that distinguishes the gentleman. There are men in the humblest walks of life who are natures gentlemen. Without
36、 going into complicate analysis, however, we will try to give a general definition. The truest gentleman is the one who in his treatment of others comes nearest to exemplifying the “Golden Rule. “ This practically includes all, for upon this rule, all rules of conduct and rules of etiquette, however
37、 worldly, are based. Some common conceptions of a gentleman are these; a gentleman is always considerate of the feelings of others; he has tacthe knows how to say and to do the right thing at the right time. He is a gentle man that is to say he is quiet and refined in manner and speech; he does not
38、unduly assert himself. True strength is not loud and boisterous, but quiet and subdued. The manner of a gentleman is characterized by that essence of good mannersrepose. 三、 PART VI WRITING (45 MIN) Directions: Write a composition of about 400 words on the following topic. 42 Some educational systems
39、 emphasize the development of students capacities for reasoning and logical thinking, but there are some people arguing that students would benefit more from an education that also taught them to explore their own emotions. Do you agree to their argument? Write an essay of about 400 words. You shoul
40、d supply an appropriate title for your essay. In the first part of your essay you should state clearly your main argument, and in the second part you should support your argument with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or make a summa
41、ry. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. 专业英语八级模拟试卷 690答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While li
42、stening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SH
43、EET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 【听力原文】 How to Read Effectively Good morning, everyone. Today Im going to talk about effective reading. When a teacher or lecturer recommends a student to read a book it s usually for a particular purpose. The book may contain useful information about t
44、he topic being studied or it may be invaluable for the ideas or views that it puts forward, and so on. In my. cases, the teacher doesnt suggest that the whole book should be read. In fact he may refer to a few pages which have a direct bearing on the matter being discussed. Unfortunately, when many
45、students pick up a book to read, they tend to have no particular purpose in mind other than simple to “read the book“. Often they open the book and start reading, page by page, line by line, word by word: in other words, slowly and in great detail. The result is that students frequently dont have an
46、 overall view of what they are reading: they also tend to forget fairly soon what they re been reading. Students can make their reading much more effective by adopting a strategy aimed at helping them to understand and to remember what they read. First, they should decide precisely why they are read
47、ing the book: perhaps its to find some information thatll answer a question; perhaps it s to understand a difficult idea or argument, and so on. Then the students should decide exactly what they re going to read: it s seldom necessary to read the whole book. A good starting point is the Contents pag
48、e at the front of the book; a quick look at the chapter headings may help to indicate what should be read. The index at the back of the book is often extremely useful in helping to pinpoint the exact pages that need to be consulted for particular pieces of information. When it has been decide whats to be reada chapter of a book, for examplethen its helpful to get an overview of the contents before starting to read. This can be done by reading the introduction. Usually the opening paragraph, and the conclusion, usually the final paragraph. In addition, a glance at the headings of sections o
