1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 700及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 Depression Depression affects people of every color, race, economic status, or age. Unfortunately, not ev
3、eryone recognizes depression when it happens. Some people may have (1)_about it, and react to it harshly. Even people who are depressed dont take their condition seriously enough. In this lecture, (2)_of depression will be discussed, namely, causes, symptoms of depression, and the way to get over it
4、. 1.Causes of depression. Many factors play a role in inducing depression. Genetics. However, genes arent the single cause of depression. Life events. E.g. (3)_ of a close family member or friend can lead to depression. Family and social environment. Medical conditions. Substance abuse can affect mo
5、od. But the depression usually disappears when people get proper (4)_. 2.Symptoms of depression. There are 12 major symptoms for depressed people. They are depressed and sad most of the time with no reason, lack of energy, unable to enjoy pleasant things, estranged from friends and family,(5)_, unab
6、le to concentrate, gaining or losing significant weight, very different in (6)_, feeling guilty or worthless, feeling aches and pains, pessimistic and indifferent, thinking of death or suicide. If someone only has (7)_five symptoms for less than two weeks, he is Okay. Otherwise, he is probably depre
7、ssed. 3.(8)_to get over depression. Treatment for depression can include talk therapy, medication, or a combination of both. When it comes to medication, the doctor should monitor the person carefully, because (9)_is different. What works well for one person might not be good for another. One more s
8、uggestion to the friend of the depressed people is that you should (10)_them to get away with their depression or suicidal feeling. The most important thing is to get them in the right treatment. SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and
9、 then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 Why does Old Fred do something stupid? （ A） He has some mental problems. （ B） H
10、e is too old to know what he is doing. （ C） He wants to have a good Christmas. （ D） He has got into the habit of stealing. 12 How do the average British policemen think about not being armed? （ A） They dont really think about it. （ B） They dislike it very much. （ C） They worry about it greatly. （ D）
11、 They want a reform. 13 In the opinion of the interviewee, what do the English people love? （ A） Violence. （ B） Compromise. （ C） Firearms. （ D） Police. 14 What did the man mentioned in the interview once do? （ A） He threatened the police. （ B） He took some hostages. （ C） He robbed a bank. （ D） He lo
12、cked himself in a house. 15 What is the most important factor in solving the man who threatened people? （ A） Power. （ B） Skills. （ C） Patience. （ D） Weapons. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that f
13、ollow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 Which statement is not true ? （ A） The girl was living with her mother （ B） The landlady witnessed the crime （ C） The girl and the suspect probably were dating （ D） The girl was found dead on the floor 17 W
14、e can learn from the news that _. （ A） Police provided detail in formations about the girl （ B） Tobago has a population of 2 million （ C） Homicide increased in Tobago （ D） Tobago is generally a peaceful island 17 For a long time we have worked hard at isolating the individual family. This has increa
15、sed the mobility of individuals; and by encouraging young families to break away from the older generation and the home community, we have been able to speed up the acceptance of change and the rapid spread of innovative behavior. But at the same time we have burdened every small family with tremend
16、ous responsibilities once shared within three generations and among a large number of people - the nurturing of small children, the initiation of adolescents into adulthood, and care of the sick and disabled and the protection of the aged. What we have failed to realize is that even as we have separ
17、ated the single family from the larger society, we have expected each couple to take on a range of obligations that traditionally have been shared within a family and a wider community. So all over the world there are millions of families left alone, as it were, each in its own boxparents faced with
18、 the specter of what may happen if either one gets sick, children fearful that their parents may end their quarrels with divorce, and empty-handed old people without any role in the life of the next generation. Then, having reduced little by little to almost nothing the relationship between families
19、 and the community, when families get into trouble because they cannot accomplish the impossible, we turn their problems over to impersonal social agencies, which can act only in a fragmented way because they are limited to patchwork programs that often are too late to accomplish what is most needed
20、. Individuals and families do get some kind of help, but what they learn and what those who work hard within the framework of social agencies convey, even as they try to help, is that families should be able to care for themselves. 18 According to the author, when young families are isolated,_. （ A）
21、 old people can easily accept the change （ B） people can move from place to place （ C） individuals can hardly become innovative （ D） economy develops at high speed 19 What is said to be the major problem facing young couples?_. （ A） They need to fulfill more duties. （ B） They are incapable of balanc
22、ing the budget. （ C） They have their children spoiled and overindulged. （ D） They get empty-handed after divorce. 20 The author implies that _. （ A） social agencies in America can be very helpful （ B） the help to American families from social agencies is limited （ C） the government should do more to
23、 improve patchwork programs （ D） the fragmentary nature of the American family is unique 一、 PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN) Directions: There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question. 21 The Chartist Movement, though failed, was the first nationw
24、ide_and drew attention to serious problems. （ A） working class movement （ B） middle class movement （ C） upper class movement （ D） peasant movement 22 The_schools in Britain would admit children without reference to their academic abilities. （ A） comprehensive （ B） secondary （ C） independent （ D） gra
25、mmar 23 The first immigrants in American history came from （ A） England and the Netherlands. （ B） Ireland. （ C） West Germany. （ D） East Europe. 24 _is jointly written by William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge. Its publication marked the beginning of the Romantic revival in England. （ A） Poet
26、ical Sketches （ B） Poems, Chiefly in the Scottish Dialect （ C） Biographia Literaria （ D） Lyrical Ballads 25 The British Industrial Revolution has been understood to mean the invention and application of various machines, which transformed Britain from a predominantly rural and agricultural country i
27、nto_. （ A） a commercial state （ B） a mainly urban and manufacturing country （ C） a country with a strong army （ D） a country with a large number of consumer cities 26 Robin Hood is a well-known figure in some British _ in the 1400s. （ A） epics （ B） fairy tales （ C） ballads （ D） miracle plays 27 Whic
28、h of the following phrases is an example of an endocentric construction? （ A） on the shelf （ B） beyond the words （ C） an old man （ D） without thinking 28 Britain has the following papers except _. （ A） The Daily Telegraph （ B） The Guardian （ C） Christian Science Monitor （ D） The Times 29 The study o
29、f how we do things with words is the study of _. （ A） entailment （ B） presupposition （ C） speech acts （ D） metaphor 30 The state of California is on _. （ A） the Atlantic Coast （ B） the Gulf of Mexico （ C） the Pacific Coast （ D） Carribean Sea 二、 PART IV PROOFREADING other times these same feelings co
30、uld be present at a lower level all the time for years. Depression is more than feeling blue, sad, or down, but a strong mood involving sadness, discouragement, despair, or hopelessness that lasts for weeks, months, or even longer, and interferes with a persons ability to participate in their normal
31、 activities. Now lets see how to get help if someone gets depressed. Depression is one of the most common emotional problems. The good news is that its also one of the most treatable conditions. There are professionals who can help. In fact, about 80% of people who get help for their depression have
32、 a better quality of lifethey function better and enjoy themselves in a way that they werent able to before. Treatment for depression can include talk therapy, medication, or a combination of both. Talk therapy with a mental health professional is very effective in treating depression. Therapy sessi
33、ons help people understand depression and what they can do about it. Sometimes medicine may be prescribed for a person who has depression. When a doctor prescribes medicine, he or she will carefully monitor the person to make sure he or she gets the right dose. The doctor will adjust the dose as nec
34、essary. Medicines can take a few weeks before the person feels the medicine working. Because every persons brain is different, what works well for one person might not be good for another. Up till now, weve mentioned the causes, symptoms of depression, and the way to get over it. One more suggestion
35、 I want to give to the friend of the depressed people is that friends need to step in if someone seems severely depressed and isnt getting help. Although its important to be supportive, trying to cheer up a friend or reasoning with him or her probably wont work to help depression or suicidal feeling
36、s go away. Depression can be so strong that it outweighs a persons ability to respond to reason. Even if your friend has asked you to promise not to tell, this is a situation where telling can save a life. The most important thing a depressed person can do is to get the right treatment. 【知识模块】 社会类 1
37、 【正确答案】 incorrect ideas incorrect opinions wrong ideas misunderstandings 【试题解析】 本题为归纳题。讲座原文中提到不是每个人都能意识到朋友得了抑郁症，还可能对此横加指责；而有些人则认为抑郁症仅仅是人们的一种态度，是可以从主观上改变和摆脱的。这些都是错误的观点或是误解。因此答案可归纳为incorrect ideas incorrect opinions wrong ideas misunderstandings。 【知识模块】 社会类 2 【正确答案】 three domains three aspects 【试题解析】
38、本题为要点题。考生只需根据原文信息 we will cover three domains of depression，即可得出答案。 【知识模块】 社会类 3 【正确答案】 the death 【试题解析】 本题为细节题，属于商接拷贝型。考生可根据原文信息 for example， the death of a close family member or friend得出答案。 【知识模块】 社会类 4 【正确答案】 treatment therapy 【试题解析】 本题为细节题，属于转换角度型。考生可根据原文信息 When these medical conditions are dia
39、gnosed and treated by a doctor, the depression usually disappears得出答案，但需转换答题角度，使之在语义语法上都切合题意：原文主语为 medical conditions，但题目主语为 people。 【知识模块】 社会类 5 【正确答案】 irritable angry anxious 【试题解析】 本题为细节题，属于转换词性型。考生可根据原文信息 Irritability, anger, or anxiety 得出本题答案，但需转换词性，使之在语义语法上都切合题意。 【知识模块】 社会类 6 【正确答案】 sleep patt
40、erns 【试题解析】 本题为细节题，属于直接拷贝型。从原文信息 Significant change in sleep patterns 可以得出答案。 【知识模块】 社会类 7 【正确答案】 less than 【试题解析】 本题为推断题。可根据原文 When someone has five or more of these symptoms most of the time for 2 weeks or longer, that person is probably depressed推断得出答案。 【知识模块】 社会类 8 【正确答案】 Ways Means 【试题解析】 本题为要点
41、题，但要根据 题意稍做修改。从原文信息 Now lets see how to get help if someone gets depressed可以得出答案。 【知识模块】 社会类 9 【正确答案】 every persons brain peoples brain everyones brain 【试题解析】 本题为细节题，属于直接拷贝型。从原文信息 Because every persons brain is different， what works well for one person might not be good for another可以得出答案。 【知识模块】 社会类
42、 10 【正确答案】 not reason with 【试题解析】 本题为推断题。讲座原文中提到虽然朋友的支持很重要，但是试图使朋友开心或与他们理论并不能赶走他们的抑郁症或一些自杀的念头。因此，可以推断得出，作为朋友，你不应该使用劝说这个方法来帮助有抑郁症的人，从而得出答案。 【知识模块】 社会类 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questi
43、ons 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 【听力原文】 Interviewer (W) Superintendent (M) W: Well, Mr. Fox. Would you please describe your feelings towards criminals? M: It
44、is true to say there are criminals, certain types of criminals who policemen have. er. I have to be very careful with what I say. W: Umm. M: You see, I know a . a person who has been caught so many times that hes. hes become part and parcel of the station. W: Umm. Hes been brought in all the time. M
45、: Hes always in and hes a cheerful sort of character. And its his way of life. And this sort of people of course. are people that you. well, I say, have an affinity with, thats not the right word to use, but you have a closeness with, you know. W: They are part of your work, arent they? M: You know,
46、 Old Sam is always in. And you can always guarantee that Old Sam is always in. And you can always guarantee that (1) Old Fred will do something stupid about a week before Christmas so that he can spend Christmas in a certain prison. W: Which he likes. M: Which he likes because he has a good Christma
47、s. Then, of course, you go to the other end of the scale where you have a hard-core minority who are the professional criminals. And of course, one has no sympathy for them. W: (2- 1) British policemen are not armed, that is they do not carry guns. How do policemen feel about this? M: (2-2) I dont t
48、hink the average policeman really thinks about it, you know. I honestly think he does not think about it at all. I am sure he did, he would probably be a worried man. W: Umm. M: The reason I say that is this, that the average policemen in this country feels that the average Englishman or Britisher i
49、s such a person that the use of arms and that sort of thing is foreign to his nature. W: Um, he just wouldnt think of using a pistol or something. M: Of course, it is true to say that there are certain elements in the world who are. . .er. resorting to firearms. W: The organized .professional criminals? M: The organized professional criminals, this sort of people. Well, of course, one takes ones cha
