1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 702及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 The Press Conference The press conference has certain advantages. The first advantage lies with the【 1】 _
3、 nature of 【 1】 _ the event itself; public officials are supposed to submit to scrutiny by responding to various questions at a press conference. Secondly, statements previously made at a press conference can be used as a 【 2】 _in judging following statements or policies. 【 2】 _ Moreover, in case of
4、 important events, press confer ences are an effective way to break the news to groups of reporters. However, from the point of view of【 3】 _, the 【 3】 _ press conference possesses some disadvantages, mainly in its【 4】 _and news source. The provider 【 4】 _ virtually determines the manner in which a
5、press conference proceeds. This, sometimes, puts news reporters at a(n)【 5】 _, as can be seen on live 【 5】 _ broadcasts of news conferences. Factors in getting valuable information preparation: a need to keep up to date on journalistic subject matter; 【 6】 _ of the news source: 【 6】 _ 1)news sources
6、【 7】 _to provide information 【 7】 _ 2)news-gathering methods. Conditions under which news reporters cannot trot the information provided by a news source not knowing the required information; knowing and willing to share the information, but without【 8】 _skills; 【 8】 _ knowing the information, but u
7、nwilling to share; willing to share, but unable to recall. 【 9】 of questions asked 【 9】 _ Ways of improving the questions: no words with double meanings; no long questions; specific time, place, etc. ;【 10】 _questions; 【 10】 _ clear alternatives, or no alternatives in answers. 1 【 1】 2 【 2】 3 【 3】 4
8、 【 4】 5 【 5】 6 【 6】 7 【 7】 8 【 8】 9 【 9】 10 【 10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to an
9、swer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 What materials were not used for road surfaces during the last century? （ A） Gravel. （ B） Asphalt. （ C） Macadam. （ D） Concrete. 12 Concrete is used in extensive projects because of _. （ A） the increase in traffic （ B） the cos
10、t of other materials （ C） the change of the climate （ D） the construction of the roads 13 For light traffic, which of the following is not used? （ A） Sand clay. （ B） Macadam. （ C） Brick. （ D） Bituminous mixture. 14 What do“turnpikesmean? （ A） Roads. （ B） Streets. （ C） Lanes. （ D） Highways. 15 The to
11、tal width of the Pennsylvania Turnpike is _. （ A） 100 feet （ B） 78 feet （ C） 68 feet （ D） 88 feet SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 se
12、conds to answer the questions. 16 In the new wave of suicide bombings, _have been injured and _have been killed. （ A） more than 80;at least 180 （ B） more than 118;at least 18 （ C） more than 180;at least 80 （ D） more than 118;at least 80 17 Which place was not attacked in Saturday? （ A） Police headqu
13、arter （ B） Hospital （ C） Gas station （ D） Power station 18 Which statement is not true? （ A） The police said they still couldnt isolate the casualties form each site. （ B） The tanker wasnt searched by police. （ C） The tankers driver was probably an accomplice. （ D） The tanker was parked in the cente
14、r of the city. 18 Barack Obama invited a puzzling group of people into the White House: university presidents. What should one make of these strange creatures? Are they chief executives or labour leaders? Heads of pre-industrial guilds or champions of one of Americas most successful industries? Defe
15、nders of civilisation or merciless rack-renters? Whatever they might be, they are at the heart of a political firestorm. Anger about the cost of college extends from the preppiest of parents to the grungiest of Occupiers. Mr. Obama is trying to channel the anger, to avoid being sideswiped by it. The
16、 White House invitation complained that costs have trebled in the past three decades. Arne Duncan, the secretary of education, has urged universities to address costs with “much greater urgency“. A sense of urgency is justified: ex-students have debts approaching $ 1 trillion. But calm reflection is
17、 needed too. Americas universities suffer from many maladies besides cost. And rising costs are often symptoms of much deeper problems: problems that were irritating during the years of affluence but which are cancerous in an age of austerity. The first problem is the inability to say “no“. For deca
18、des American universities have been offering more of everything more courses for undergraduates, more research students for professors and more rock walls for everybody on the merry assumption that there would always be more money to pay for it all. The second is Ivy League envy. The vast majority o
19、f American universities are obsessed by rising up the academic hierarchy, becoming a bit less like Yokel-U and a bit more like Yale. Ivy League envy leads to an obsession with research. This can be a problem even in the best universities: students feel short-changed by professors fixated on crawling
20、 along the frontiers of knowledge with a magnifying glass. At lower-level universities it causes dysfunction. American professors of literature crank out 70, 000 scholarly publications a year, compared with 13, 757 in 1959. Most of these simply moulder: Mark Bauerlein of Emory University points out
21、that, of the 16 research papers produced in 2004 by the University of Vermonts literature department, a fairly representative institution, 11 have since received between zero and two citations. The time wasted writing articles that will never be read cannot be spent teaching. In “Academically Adrift
22、“ Richard Arum and Josipa Roksa argue that over a third of Americas students show no improvement in critical thinking or analytical reasoning after four years in college. Popular anger about universities costs is rising just as technology is shaking colleges to their foundations. The Internet is cha
23、nging the rules. Star academics can lecture to millions online rather than the chosen few in person. Testing and marking can be automated. And for-profit companies such as the University of Phoenix are stripping out costs by concentrating on a handful of popular courses as well as making full use of
24、 the Internet. The Sloan Foundation reports that online enrolments grew by 10% in 2010, against 2% for the sector as a whole. Many universities first instinct will be to batten down the hatches and wait for this storm to pass. But the storm is not going to pass. The higher-education industry faces a
25、 stark choice: either adapt to a rapidly changing world or face a future of cheeseparing. It is surely better to rethink the career structure of your employees than to see it wither (the proportion of professors at four-year universities who are on track to win tenure fell from 50% in 1997 to 39% te
26、n years later). And it is surely better to reform yourself than to have hostile politicians take you into receivership. A growing number of universities are beginning to recognise this. They understand that the beginning of wisdom in academia, as in business in general, is choosing what not to do. T
27、hey are in recovery from their Ivy League envy. They are also striking up relations with private-sector organisations. And a growing number of foundations, such as the Kauffman Foundation, are doing their best to spread the gospel of reform and renewal. 19 As to anger about the cost of college, Mr.
28、Obamas attitude is most likely to be （ A） apparent. （ B） prudent. （ C） equivocal. （ D） aggressive. 20 What function does the third paragraph serve? （ A） It continues the analysis of the problem. （ B） It confirms the seriousness of the problem. （ C） It further explains the soaring cost. （ D） It offer
29、s a cause for the rising cost. 21 The italicized “students feel short-changed by professors“ (Para. 5) probably means （ A） students worry about what professors do research on. （ B） students feel it doesnt pay to study at university. （ C） students are obsessed with too much research. （ D） students su
30、ffer from different mental problems. 22 All the following are mentioned in the passage to deal with problems of college EXCEPT （ A） active reform. （ B） sensible choices. （ C） structural adjustments. （ D） cost reduction. 23 The best title for the passage is （ A） Mr. Obamas Dilemma. （ B） University Ch
31、allenge. （ C） The Rising Cost. （ D） Anger about College. 一、 PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN) Directions: There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question. 24 The Commonwealth of Nations is an association of independent countries_. （ A） that were onc
32、e colonies of Britain （ B） that have a large number of British immigrants （ C） that have close relations with Britain （ D） that have fought on the side of Britain in the two world wars 25 The two major parties governing the country by turns in Britain are_. （ A） the Labor Party and the Conservative
33、Party （ B） the Labor party and the Liberty Party （ C） the Liberty Party and the Conservative Party （ D） the Democratic Party and the Liberty Party 26 Among the great Middle English poets, Geoffrey Chaucer is known for his production of _ （ A） Piers Plowman. （ B） Sir Gawain and the Green Knight. （ C）
34、 Poems on London. （ D） The Canterbury Tales. 27 _ is the essence of the Renaissance. （ A） Poetry （ B） Drama （ C） Humanism （ D） Reason 28 _forms a natural boundary between Mexico and the United States. （ A） The Rio Grande River （ B） The Mississippi River （ C） The Colorado River （ D） The Gulf of Mexic
35、o 29 Next to football, the most popular sport in Britain should be _. （ A） basketball （ B） ping-pong （ C） cricket （ D） golf 30 The relationship between “flower“ and “rose“ is_. （ A） antonymy （ B） synonymy （ C） hyponymy （ D） polysemy 31 The pair of words “high“ and “low“ are _. （ A） gradable opposite
36、s （ B） converse opposites （ C） co-hyponyms （ D） synonyms 32 Psycholinguistics investigates the interrelation of language and _. （ A） a speech community （ B） its diversity （ C） human mind （ D） human behavior 33 You can find the Grand Canyon in the State of _. （ A） Arizona （ B） California （ C） New Mex
37、ico （ D） Texas 二、 PART IV PROOFREADING & ERROR CORRECTION (15 MIN) Directions: Proofread the given passage. The passage contains TEN errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following
38、way: (1)For a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank provided at the end of the line. (2)For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a “ “ sign and write t 34 My mother-in-law (who is in her 60s) insists that it be proper etiquette for men to s
39、tand up whenever a woman gets up from or returns to the table. SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH Directions: Translate the following text into English. 35 科技是人类文明进步的动力源泉。古老的中国，曾在世界科技史上占有重要地位。今天的中国人民，不仅与全世界共享科技文明的成果，也在各个领域推动世界科技的进步。科技奥运将反映科技最新进展，集成全国科技创新成果，推出一届高科技含量的体育盛会；提高北京科技创新能力，推进高新技术成果的产业化及其在人民生活中的广泛
40、应用，使北京奥运会成为展示高新技术成果和创新实力的窗口。 SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE Directions: Translate the following text into Chinese. 36 In recent years, Britain has been afflicted with one scandal after another, and these have been widely publicized by media everywhere. These scandals have far-reaching consequences for
41、 its once much-admired public institutions. They reflected the falling standards in education, postal, transport, health care and social welfare services, to name a few key areas. Education is a clear example. Reduced government subsidies have led to the deliberate lowering of admission standards an
42、d easier attainment of degrees in some universities aimed at attracting more students. To bolster the funding of an ancient university, a don there offered college places to offspring of substantial donors who would not otherwise be eligible for admission. Most recently, the A-Level examination mark
43、ing debacle affecting hundreds of thousands of students shocked the nation. Brain drain of its elites is becoming serious, as many have emigrated elsewhere for a better future. More will follow suit, unless effective solutions are found soon. 三、 PART VI WRITING (45 MIN) Directions: Write a compositi
44、on of about 400 words on the following topic. 37 Nowadays, children are apt to spend a lot of time playing computer games. Many parents point out that computer games have little educational value, children should be prevented from computer games. What is your opinion? Write an essay of about 400 wor
45、ds to state your view. You should supply an appropriate title for your essay. 专业英语八级模拟试卷 702答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked,
46、but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 【听力原文】 Press conference is a
47、n all too familiar phenomenon around us. How ever, when people start thinking about its advantages, it sometimes seems difficult to think of any that the press conference provides for the competent news reporter. Use of the press conference by public officials and private entrepreneurs helped give r
48、ise to the phrase “pseudo event“an event contrived to create news coverage where none had been considered warranted. However, having said that, one value of the news conference by a public official is the symbolic nature of the event, and perhaps this is reason enough to continue the practice. At a
49、press conference a public official supposedly submits to examination by responding to unsolicited and perhaps hostile questions. A related advantage to the reporter is that the press conference affords an opportunity to get a public official “on the record“ with regard to government policies. Statements from a p
