1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 703及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 American Literature A literature is the record of human experience and people have always been impelled t
3、o write down their impressions of life. Specific characteristics of the American literature are as follows; I. The beginning of the American literature The first English colonies in Virginia and New England. Colonists came to find religious (1)_ and prosperity. No spirit of (2) _;English legends,bal
4、lads, poems and the richness of the English language. The history of American literature is short. A mirror reflecting the social life and the product of the development of the American society. II. The influence of Puritanism 1) Puritanism Supreme view of (3)_ Puritans demand for a (4)_population 2
5、) Puritan life Harsh and unlovely life Puritans zeal,courage,and moral nature Man is (5)_of evil actions III. Periods of the American literature A. from 1607 to 1765;Colonial Period; B. from 1765 to roughly 1830; the Early National and Revolutionary Period; C. from 1830 to 1865:the Romantic Period;
6、D. from 1865 to 1900:the (6)_Period; E. from 1900 to 1930; the Naturalistic and Symbolistic Period; F. from 1930 to 1960:the Modern Period; G. from 1960 until now:the Postmodern Period. IV. Terms American Renaissance;the period of 18501855 Transcendentalism;Ralph Waldo Emersons masterpiece (7)_. Ame
7、rican Romanticism. Realism; a reaction against“ the lie “ of Romanticism and Sentimentalism. American Naturalisms somber and dark picture; the general tone is (8)_. Imagism: a reaction to the traditional English poetic principle in the 1920s. V. Characteristics of the American (9)_ literature The sc
8、ope is broad. The meaning is deeper and more complex. Modern writing is technically sophisticated. The language is simpler. There is more (10)_. SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1
9、 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 According to Sharon, who is the mostly likely to fall victim to hemochromatosis? （ A） Millions of Americans. （ B） People from West
10、ern or Northern Europe. （ C） People who have taken too iron from food. （ D） Those with liver diseases. 12 Why cholesterol levels in people are higher in winters? （ A） Because there is not enough vitamin D in the body. （ B） Because people dont exercise enough in winters. （ C） Because the temperature
11、is lower in winters. （ D） Because people do not receive enough sunshine during winters. 13 Which of the following is TRUE about wearing sunglasses? （ A） To protect the skin, wearing sunglasses is not recommended. （ B） Only wear sunglasses for ten minutes if you want to decrease the chance of sunburn
12、. （ C） Expose your eyes to sunshine for a while can trigger the tanning process of the skin. （ D） Wearing sunglasses will trigger the production of hormone. 14 Why are organic vegetables not always safe? （ A） Because they contain more chemicals. （ B） Because they can make people less resistant to su
13、nshine. （ C） Because some chemicals in them can be potential dangers. （ D） Because their genes are modified to some degree. 15 What can we learn about Asians from the passage? （ A） They are more likely to appear drunk after drinking alcohol. （ B） They are more likely to become alcoholics. （ C） Half
14、of them are allergic to alcohol. （ D） Fifty percent of them cant stand alcohol. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer th
15、e questions. 16 When did the space shuttle Endeavour land Wednesday night? （ A） An hour before sunset. （ B） An hour after sunset. （ C） An hour before sunrise. （ D） An hour after sunrise. 17 What is the main idea of the news item? （ A） The space shuttle would be under close inspection. （ B） One of th
16、e crew members failed to head home. （ C） Unexpected weather delayed the landing of Endeavor. （ D） The space shuttle made a smooth landing. 17 An overt impact of modem information systems concerns the individuals standard and style of living. Information systems affect the scope and quality of health
17、 care, make social services more equitable, enhance personal comfort, provide a greater measure of safety and mobility, and extend the variety of leisure forms at ones disposal. More subtly but equally important, they also affect the content and style of an individuals work and in so doing perturb t
18、he social and legal practices and conventions to which one is accustomed. New kinds of information products and media necessitate a redefinition of the legal conventions regulating the ownership of products of the human intellect. Moreover, massive data-collecting systems bring into sharp focus the
19、elusive borderline between the common good and personal privacy, calling the need to safeguard stored data against accidental or illegal access, disclosure, or misuse. Individuals cannot ignore the impact of automation and information-processing systems on their skills and jobs. Information technolo
20、gy makes obsolete, in part or in entirety, many human functions: first mechanical and repetitive tasks were affected; now clerical and paraprofessional tasks are being automated; and eventually highly skilled and some professional functions will be made unnecessary. Individuals performing these func
21、tions face the probability of shorter periods of employment and the need to adapt or change their skills. As technologies, including information technology, grow more sophisticated, their learning curves stretch or the required skills become narrower; continuing training and education are likely to
22、become a way of life for both employee and employer. Unlike the slow, gradual evolution of human labour in past generations, present day changes are occurring rapidly and with little warning. Unless society members anticipate these effects and prepare to cope with them mentally and in practice, job
23、dislocations and forced geographic relocations may prove traumatic for employees and their families. The perhaps more fundamental issue of paramount long-term significance for society has to do with the well-being of the human spirit in an increasingly knowledge-intensive environment. In such an env
24、ironment, knowledge is the principal and perhaps most valuable currency. The growing volume and the rate of obsolescence of knowledge compel the individual to live in the continuous presence of, and frequent interaction with, information resources and systems. Effective use of these resources and sy
25、stems may be a modern definition of literacy, while the absence of such a skill may very well result in intellectual and possibly economic poverty and inequity. There is a real danger that humans, unwilling or incapable or not given access to information, may be relegated to an existence that falls
26、short of the human potential. 18 The underlined word “perturb“ in the first paragraph most probably means _. （ A） modify （ B） neglect （ C） permeate （ D） upset 19 The second paragraph is mainly about _. （ A） the obsolescence of many human functions （ B） the impact of information technology on individ
27、uals skills and jobs （ C） rapid evolution of human labour （ D） job dislocations and forced geographic relocations 20 Which of the following statements is true according to this passage? （ A） The borderline between the common good and personal privacy is no longer elusive. （ B） With the development o
28、f information technology even highly skilled and professional functions may become obsolete. （ C） People can never catch up with the rate of obsolescence of knowledge. （ D） People who are given access to information are literate. 21 This passage is mainly about _. （ A） information technology （ B） an
29、 increasingly knowledge-intensive environment （ C） a modem definition of literacy （ D） effects of modern information systems on the individual 一、 PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN) Directions: There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question. 22 The_o
30、f London is famous as centers for drama and music and is also a commercial center. （ A） City of London （ B） Greater London （ C） West end （ D） East end 23 Australia is the worlds largest exporter of （ A） coal. （ B） natural gas. （ C） uranium. （ D） oil. 24 _is the largest river in South Island. （ A） Th
31、e Waikato River （ B） The Clutha River （ C） The Wanganui River （ D） The Mackenzie 25 _by Philip Freneau is about his imprisoned experience. （ A） The Wild Honeysuckle （ B） The British Prison Ship （ C） The Rising Glory of America （ D） The Indian Burying Ground 26 The Backbone of North Atnerica refers t
32、o the （ A） Appalachian Mountains. （ B） Rocky Mountains. （ C） Cascade Mountains. （ D） Sierra Nevada Mountains. 27 The writer of Childe Harolds Pilgrimage is _. （ A） Byron （ B） Shelly （ C） Keats （ D） Wordsworth 28 The _ feature is considered central to human language, which means two levels of “struct
33、ure” or “patterning”. （ A） duality （ B） arbitrariness （ C） displacement （ D） creativity 29 The English Civil War is also called _. （ A） the Cromwell War （ B） the Puritan Revolution （ C） the Hundred Years War （ D） the Wars of the Roses 30 The president of the United States can be impeached by _. （ A）
34、 the Supreme Court （ B） the Congress （ C） the Senate （ D） both B and C 31 John Galworthy was most famous for_. （ A） Heart of Darkness （ B） Ulysses （ C） The Forsyte Saga （ D） A Passage to India 二、 PART IV PROOFREADING against it we match our present self. Its primary function is to validate and re-cr
35、eate the self in all its individuality and distinctness. In doing so, it cements a sense of relationship between the self and the otherness of the book, and allows us a notion of ourselves as sociable. Its shared knowledge is vicarious experience; by this means we enlarge our understandings of what
36、it means to be human, of the corporate 【 M2】_ and independent nature of human society. The act of reading the book marks 【 M3】_ both our difference in and our place in the human fabric. The more we read, 【 M4】_ the more we are. In the act of reading silently we are alone from the book, 【 M5】_ separa
37、te from one s own immediate surroundings. Yet in the act of reading 【 M6】_ we enter other minds and other places, enlarge our dialogue with the world. 【 M7】_ Thus paradoxically, while disengaging from the immediate we are increasing its scope. In silence, reading activates a deeply creative function
38、 of consciousness. We are deeply committed to the narrative which we coexist while 【 M8】 _ engaged in reading. All kinds of present physical discomfortness may be 【 M9】_ unnoticed while we are reading, and actual time is replaced by narrative time. To imaginatively enter a fictional world by reading
39、 it is then both a liberation【 M10】_ from self and an expansion of self. 32 【 M1】 33 【 M2】 34 【 M3】 35 【 M4】 36 【 M5】 37 【 M6】 38 【 M7】 39 【 M8】 40 【 M9】 41 【 M10】 SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH Directions: Translate the following text into English. 42 暮色中，河湾里落满云霞，与天际 的颜色混合在一起，分不清哪是流云哪是水湾。 也就在这一幅绚烂的图画
40、旁边，在河湾之畔：一群羊正在低头觅食。它们几乎没有一个人顾得上抬起头来，看一眼这美丽的黄昏。也许它们要抓紧时间，在即将回家的最后一刻再次咀嚼。这是黄河滩上的一幕。牧羊人不见了，他不知在何处歇息。只有这些生灵自由自在地享受着这个黄昏。这儿水草肥美，让它们长得肥滚滚的。如果走近了，你会发现它们清白的牙齿，以及那丰富而单纯的表情。 SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE Directions: Translate the following text into Chinese. 43 The balance of nature is a very elaborate and ver
41、y delicate system of checks and counterchecks. It is continually being altered as climates change, as new organisms evolve, as animals or plants permeate to new areas. But the alterations have in the past, for the most part, been slow, whereas with the arrival of civilized man, their speed has been
42、multiplied manifold: from the evolutionary time-scale, where change is measured by periods of ten or a hundred thousand years, they have been transferred to the human time-scale in which centuries and even decades count. Everywhere man is altering the balance of nature. He is facilitating the spread
43、 of plants and animals into new regions, sometimes deliberately, sometimes unconsciously. He is covering huge areas with new kinds of plants, or with houses, factories, slag-heaps and other products of his civilization. He exterminates some species on a large scale, but favors the multiplication of
44、others. In brief, he has done more in five thousand years to alter the biological aspect of the planet than has nature in five million. 三、 PART VI WRITING (45 MIN) Directions: Write a composition of about 400 words on the following topic. 44 Some people say that fashion is just for selling clothes,
45、so we should not follow it and we should dress what we like and feel comfortable in it. How far do you agree with them? Write an essay of about 400 words on the following topic: Should We Follow Fashions? In the first part of your essay you should state clearly your main argument, and in the second
46、part you should support your argument with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or make a summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a lo
47、ss of marks. 专业英语八级模拟试卷 703答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the m
48、ini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 【听力原文】 American Literature Hello everybody, welcome to attend my lecture about the American l
49、iterature. Today Id like to introduce to you briefly the American literature. It is commonly accepted that wherever there are people,there will be a literature. A literature is the record of human experience and people have always been impelled to write down their impressions of life. They do so in diaries and letters,in pamphlets and books and in essays, poems, plays and stories
