1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 711及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 At present-companies and industries like to sponsor sports events. Two reasons are put forward to explain
3、 this phenomenon. The first reason is that they get 【 1】 _ throughout the world. The second reason【 1】 _ is that companies and industries【 2】 _ money, 【 2】 _ as they get reductions in the tax they owe if they sponsor sports or arts activities. As sponsorship is【 3】 _, careful thinking 【 3】 _ is requ
4、ired in deciding which events to sponsor. It is important that the event to be sponsored【 4】 _【 4】 _ the product(s) to be promoted. That is, the right 【 5】 _ and maximum product coverage must 【 5】 _ be guaranteed in the event. Points to be considered in sports sponsorship. Popularity of the event In
5、ternational sports events are big【 6】 _ event,【 6】 _ which get extensive coverage on TV and in the press. Smaller events attract fewer people. Identification of the potential audience Aiming at the right audience is most important for smaller events. The right audience would attract manufacturers of
6、 other related products like【 7】 _, etc. 【 7】 _ Advantages of sponsorship Advantages are longer-term. People are expected to respond【 8】 _ to the【 8】 _ products promoted and be more likely to buy them. Advertising is【 9】 _ the mind. 【 9】 _ Sponsorship is better than straight advertising: a) less【 10
7、】 _ b) tax-free 【 10】 _ 1 【 1】 2 【 2】 3 【 3】 4 【 4】 5 【 5】 6 【 6】 7 【 7】 8 【 8】 9 【 9】 10 【 10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of th
8、e interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 What materials were not used for road surfaces during the last century? （ A） Gravel. （ B） Asphalt. （ C） Macadam. （ D） Concrete. 12 Concrete is used in extensive projects because o
9、f _. （ A） the increase in traffic （ B） the cost of other materials （ C） the change of the climate （ D） the construction of the roads 13 For light traffic, which of the following is not used? （ A） Sand clay. （ B） Macadam. （ C） Brick. （ D） Bituminous mixture. 14 What do“ turnpikes“ mean? （ A） Roads. （
10、 B） Streets. （ C） Lanes. （ D） Highways. 15 The total width of the Pennsylvania Turnpike is _. （ A） 100 feet （ B） 78 feet （ C） 68 feet （ D） 88 feet SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At t
11、he end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 According to the news, what did Iran resume on Monday? （ A） Production of fuel for nuclear reactors. （ B） Small-scale uranium enrichment. （ C） Completion of nuclear weapons. （ D） Maintenance of atomic weapons. 16 The
12、orderly came back in a few minutes with a rifle and five cartridges, and meanwhile some Burmans had arrived and told us that the elephant was in the paddy fields below, only a few hundred yards away. As I started forward practically the whole population of the quarter flocked out of the houses and f
13、ollowed me. They had seen the rifle and were all shouting excitedly that I was going to shoot the elephant. They had not shown much interest in the elephant when he was merely ravaging their homes, but it was different now that he was going to be shot. It was a bit of fun to them, as it would be to
14、an English crowd; besides they wanted the meat. It made me vaguely uneasy. I had no intention of shooting the elephant-I had merely sent for the rifle to defend myself if necessary-and it is always unnerving to have a crowd following you. I marched down the hill, looking and feeling a fool, with the
15、 rifle over my shoulder and an ever-growing army of people jostling at my heels. At the bottom, when you got away. from the huts, there was a metalled road and beyond that a miry waste of paddy fields a thousand yards across, not yet ploughed but soggy from the first rains and dotted with coarse gra
16、ss. The elephant was standing eight yards from the road, his left side towards us. He took not the slightest notice of the crowds approach. He was tearing up bunches of grass, beating them against his knees to clean them and stuffing them into his mouth. I had halted on the road. As soon as I saw th
17、e elephant I knew with perfect certainty that I ought not to shoot him. It is a serious matter to shoot a working elephant-it is comparable to destroying a huge and costly piece of machinery-and obviously one ought not to do it if it can possibly be avoided. And at that distance, peacefully eating,
18、the elephant looked no more dangerous than a cow. I thought then and I think now that this attack of “must“ was already passing off; in which case he would merely wander harmlessly about until the mahout came back and caught him. Moreover, 1 did not in the least want to shoot him. I decided that I w
19、ould watch him for a little while to make sure that he did not turn savage again, and then go home. But at that moment I glanced round at the crowd that had followed me. It was an immense crowd, two thousand at the least and growing every minute. It blocked the road for a long distance on either sid
20、e. I looked at the sea of yellow faces above the garish clothes-faces all happy and excited over this bit of fun, all certain that the elephant was going to be shot. They were watching me as they would watch a conjurer about to perform a trick. They did not like me, but with the magical rifle in my
21、hands I was momentarily worth watching. And suddenly I realized tat I should have to shoot the elephant after all. The people expected it of me and I and got to do it; I could fell their two thousand wills pressing me forward, irresistibly. And it was at this moment, as I stood there with the rifle
22、in my hands, that l first grasped the hollowness, the futility of the white mans dominion in the East. Here was I, the white man with his gun, standing in front of the unarmed native crowd-seemingly the leading actor of the piece; but in reality I was only an absurd puppet pushed to and fro by the w
23、ill of those yellow faces behind. I perceived in this moment that when the white man turns tyrant it is his own freedom that he destroys. He becomes a sort of hollow, posing dummy, the conventionalized figure of a sahib. For it is the condition of his rule that he shall spend his life in trying to i
24、mpress the natives and so in every crisis he has got to do what the “natives“ expect of hi. He wears a mask, and his face grows to fit it. I had got to shoot the elephant. I had committed myself to doing it when I sent for the rife. A sahib has got to act like a sahib; he has got to appear resolute,
25、 to know his own mind and do definite things. 17 The essential point of the story is that _. （ A） Orwell regretted the streak of cruelty that had led him to shoot an elephant （ B） Orwell, as an official, had to defend the Burmese crowd b shooting the elephant （ C） A foreign ruling class has to behav
26、e in the way that the conquered natives expect it to behave （ D） Circumstances can lead men-as they led Orwell in this story-to carry out more extreme actions than were necessary 18 “Practically“ (L. 3, Para. 1) means _. （ A） almost （ B） as a sensible action （ C） in a practical manner （ D） quite 19
27、When Orwell says that the Burmans “flocked“ (L. 3, Para. 1) to follow him be suggests that they were _. （ A） in a violent hurry （ B） keen to do the same as everyone else （ C） in a panic （ D） eager to be of help 20 Orwell felt like a puppet because he _. （ A） resembled a conjurer about to perform a t
28、rick （ B） was a victim of the crowds mass hysteria （ C） was afraid of being laughed at （ D） was doing what the crowd wanted him to do 21 Which one of the following statements abut Orwells change of mind is NOT true? （ A） He armed himself with a rifle in case the elephant was more dangerous than he e
29、xpected. （ B） The fact that the crowd followed him made him less sure what to do. （ C） As soon as he saw the elephant he realized it was dangerous. （ D） At a later point in time he decided to watch the elephant for a short time and then go away. 一、 PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN) Directions: The
30、re are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question. 22 Civil wars that broke out in England between supporters of the House of Lancaster and the House of York in the 15th century are also known as （ A） the Seven Years War. （ B） the Hundred Years War. （ C） t
31、he Wars of Roses. （ D） the War of Independence. 23 All the following are mainly produced in Canada EXCEPT （ A） nickel. （ B） zinc. （ C） asbestos. （ D） steel. 24 Most of the measures F.D.Roosevelt took in the first hundred days he was in the White House were to_. （ A） stop bank failures （ B） prevent r
32、adical actions in the United States （ C） prevent the further worsening of the economic situation and lessen the personal sufferings of the people （ D） prevent further worsening of the unstable political situation 25 Floridas population growth owes much to its attractiveness both as a place of_and as
33、 a convenient place for_with central and south America. （ A） business; retire （ B） retire; business （ C） travel; business （ D） retire; travel 26 Which of the following novels is not written by Charlotte Bronte? （ A） Jane Eyre （ B） Mary Barton （ C） Shirley （ D） Professor 27 John Steinbeck was awarded
34、 both the Nobel Prize for Literature and the Pulitzer Prize for his masterpiece_. （ A） The Moon Is Down （ B） In Dubious Battle （ C） The Grapes of Wrath （ D） Cup of Gold 28 Canadas largest city is （ A） Montreal. （ B） Toronto. （ C） Ottawa. （ D） Vancouver. 29 _is William Shakespeares hometown. （ A） Can
35、terbury （ B） Stratford-on-Avon （ C） Liverpool （ D） London 30 Among the four maxims introduced by Grice, which one means that in conversation we should be as informative as required? （ A） Relation Maxim. （ B） Quantity Maxim. （ C） Quality Maxim. （ D） Manner Maxim. 31 Which of the following is NOT a de
36、sign feature of human language? （ A） Arbitrariness. （ B） Displacement. （ C） Duality. （ D） Diachronicity. 二、 PART IV PROOFREADING an initial step in the process of producing fuel for nuclear reactors or atomic weapons. Iran had threatened to resume enrichment after the International Atomic Energy Age
37、ncy referred it this month to the UN Security Council for possible sanctions. China, another permanent member of the UN Security Council, called today for continued diplomatic efforts to ease growing tensions over Irans nuclear program. Iran denies Western charges that it is trying to build atomic w
38、eapons. 16 【 正确答案】 B 17 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 本文讲述的是作者在当地大群人的簇拥下用枪射杀大象是矛盾的心理。在这部分文字中，作者的内心的矛盾在于：其本人并不愿意杀死大象 (L17: As soon as I saw the elephant.I ought not to shoot him)，而迫于当地人的压力，作为一个外来白人，需要尽量讨好当地人并按他们的意愿行事 (L40)。 18 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 practically一词的含义包括： In a way that is practical实用地，实际地，通过实用的方式； For all p
39、ractical purposes; virtually实质地，从实际出发地，实际上，事实上 All but; nearly; almost几乎，差不多。该词不含有选项 B(明智地 )、 D(相当 )含义。另外，选项 C“实验地 ”放在文中，语义不通。 19 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 L5中提到，当地缅甸人很兴奋地叫喊着作者要去射杀大象，而且他们对此很感兴趣 (L7)，几乎是全体出动，因此，选项 C、 E不合题意。文中我们看不出 当地人是从众行为，排除 B。他们仅仅是出于好奇，去看热闹，并非帮忙，排除 D。 20 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 A：他像一位准备登台表演的魔术师。 B：众
40、人歇斯底里的受害者。 C：害怕被嘲笑。 D：按照众人的意愿行事。 E：就像面对一群观众。奥威尔并不想杀死这头大象，但是身后聚集的越来越多来看热闹的群众迫使他不得不改变自己的意愿以满足他们的这种愿望，这让他感觉自己就像是被众人意愿所控制的木偶一般。此题选 D。 21 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 A：他取枪的本意是自卫 (L9)。 B：众人误以为他 要射杀大象使得他不知所措 (10)。 D：后来他决定先观察一会儿大象，以判断它是否对人仍具威胁(L25)。 E：他最终决定要杀死大象 (L32， L4045)。 C：他一看到大象就断定它仍具危险性，这与文中第二十一行所提到内容完全相反，此题选 C。
41、 一、 PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN) Directions: There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question. 22 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 1455年，英国的贵族兰开斯特家族 (House of Lancaster)和约克家族(Houseof York)为了英格兰王位而发生的内战称为玫瑰战争 (the Wars of Roses)。 【知识模块】 英语国家概况 23 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】
42、加拿大主要生产 nickel(镍 )， zinc(锌 )和 asbestos(石棉 )。 【知识模块】 加拿大概况 24 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 F D Roosevelt(富兰克林 .罗斯福 )在经济危机中上任，推出著名的 “百日新政 ”，新政的内容主要包括建立政府监管体制、刺激经济复苏、实施劳工政策、帮助弱势群体渡过难关等。因此，新政阻止了经济进一步恶化，减轻了普通人的经济压力，帮助国人共同渡过了难关。 【知识模块】 美国历史 25 【正确答案】 B 【知识模块】 美国国家概况 26 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 Mary Barton(玛丽 .巴顿 )是 Elizabeth C
43、leghorn Gaskell(伊丽莎白 .盖斯凯尔 )的作品。其他三部， Jane Eyre(简 .爱 )， Shirley(雪莉 )和Professor(教授 )都是夏洛特 .勃朗特的小说。 【知识模块】 英国文学（维多利亚时期文学） 27 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 The Grapes of Wrath(愤怒的葡萄 )是约翰 .斯坦贝克最杰出的作品，为他赢得了普利策奖和诺贝尔文学奖。另外三部， The Moon Is Down(月亮下去了 )、 In Dubious Battle(胜负未决 )和 Cup of Gold(金杯 )也是他 的作品。 【知识模块】 美国文学（现代主义时期
44、文学） 28 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 本题考查加拿大地理知识。多伦多市 (Toronto)是加拿大最大的城市，它是安大略省的首府。蒙特利尔 (Montreal)座落于渥太华河和圣劳伦斯河交汇处，是加拿大第二大城市渥太华 (Ottawa)是加拿大首都，位于渥太华河南岸，与魁北克省隔河相望，是加拿大第四大城市。温哥华 (Vancouver)是拥有加拿大西海岸最大港口的城市，温哥华还是仅次于多伦多、蒙特利尔的第三大城市，加拿大西部最大的工商、金融、科技 和文化中心。 29 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 本题考查英国文学作家概况。威廉 莎士比亚于 1564年 4月 23日出生在英格兰中南部艾
45、汶河畔的斯特拉福镇，而艾汶河也因与莎士比亚相关联而著名。 30 【正确答案】 B 31 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 本题考查语言学中语言的 design feature(本质特征 )。语言的 design feature主要有： arbitrariness (任意性 )， duality(二重性 )， creativity(创造性 )，displacement(移位 性 )， cultural transmission(文化转移性 )等。 Ddiachronicity(历时性 )不在其中，不是语言的特性，所以本题选择 D。 二、 PART IV PROOFREADING parents.
46、have great expectations of them; and they also set themselves exacting challenges. But the fierce competition of various exams forces them to spend almost all their time on study, which deprives them of the chance to know themselves, or to grasp and apply practical social skills. Moreover, most stud
47、ents are brought up in uneventful circumstances, so they are psychologically immature and fragile, and consequently lack adaptability. When encountered with frustration or adversity, they may retreat or react with excessive “countermeasures“. On the other hand, students cannot get the psychological
48、guidance they need. Currently, few Chinese educational institutions have established a psychological health system, and psychological education within primary and middle schools remains nil: In most cases, students are left to kill the time in their psychological class. Besides, there is not enough
49、communication between parents, teachers and students. As a matter of fact, parents and teachers attach so much attention to young peoples study that they often neglect their mental health. All these factors contribute to the increasing psychological problems in students. In a word, psychological education is imperative for Chinese students. All schools should offer ps
