1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 71及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 Dream Research shows that everyone dreams quite frequently every night. We usually remember just the last
3、dream that we had before 【 1】 _ . When we are dreaming, our 【 2】 _ are moving. If a person is prevented from dreaming but allowed to sleep, he or she becomes very upset. So we need to dream. Why do we dream? one explanation is that when the mind doesnt have to think about everyday matters it is free
4、 to think about the deeper concerns. It doesnt have to be 【 3】_ and sensible. We have to represent out anxieties, fears and hopes through 【 4】_. Freud believed that the conscious mind tries to control and cover up the enormous feeling, and that the unconscious feelings that we try to cover up are la
5、rgely 【 5】_ . The unconscious mind had to 【 6】 _ its feeling to express its wishes. Jung was interested in world of religions and in 【 7】 _ and spiritual ideas. He believed that our personalities are divided into three parts, the conscious, the unconscious, and the “【 8】 _ unconscious“, and that eve
6、ryone has another, inside person in himself or herself, called “anima“. Womens animus is 【 9】 _ forceful and decisive. Language of dreams. Usually the only person who can really find the meaning behind a dream is the person who had the dream. But there are several common symbols we share with others
7、. When you dreamed of flying, perhaps you have an 【 10】_ complex, or you are trying to escape from your problems. 1 【 1】 2 【 2】 3 【 3】 4 【 4】 5 【 5】 6 【 6】 7 【 7】 8 【 8】 9 【 9】 10 【 10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answ
8、er the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 In the case that occurred in France in 1981, how many people witnessed it? （ A） One. （ B）
9、 Two. （ C） Three. （ D） Five. 12 The scientist from the French space agency did all the following things except _. （ A） taking further photos （ B） taking soil samples （ C） planting vegetation in the soil （ D） taking samples of vegetation 13 Peter Sturrock thinks that the field of UFO study is in a st
10、ate of _. （ A） popularization （ B） pause （ C） development （ D） ignorance and confusion 14 In which countries are there programs of pursuing UFO? （ A） China and USA （ B） Chile and France. （ C） France and Canada. （ D） Egypt and Greece. 15 There have been UFO reports for _. （ A） 15 years （ B） 50 years
11、（ C） six decades （ D） four decades SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 Which of the following words
12、can best describe this years celebration? （ A） Extravagant. （ B） Formal. （ C） Dull. （ D） Toned-down. 17 Which of the following categories was voted online? （ A） Favorite motion picture actress. （ B） Favorite new TV series. （ C） Favorite comedy drama. （ D） Favorite new drama. 18 Faith Hill was _. （ A
13、） a named favorite musician （ B） the favorite motion picture actor （ C） the favorite dramatic actor （ D） the favorite comic actor 19 Where was the prison located? （ A） In the southern state of Tumailimo. （ B） In the mining town of Tumailimo. （ C） In the jungles southeast of Caracas. （ D） To kilomete
14、rs southeast of Caracas. 20 According to the news, which of the following is TRUE? （ A） The injured people have been taken to the prison hospital for medical treatment. （ B） The clash broke out when the prisoners were eating breakfast. （ C） The riot was caused by rivalry between inmates and police.
15、（ D） Dozens of people have been killed or wounded in the riot. 20 Since the late 1970s, in the face of a severe loss of market share in dozens of industries, manufacturers in the United States have been trying to improve productivity and therefore enhance their international competitiveness through
16、cost-cuttig programs. (Cost-cutting here is defining the amount of labor constant. ) However, from 1978 through 1982, productivity - the value of goods manufactured divided by the amount of labor input - did not improve; and while the results were better in the business upturn of the three years fol
17、lowing, they ran 25 percent lower than productivity improvements during earlier, post-1945 upturns. At the smile, it became clear the harder manufactures worked to implement cost-curling, the more they lost their competitive edge. With this paradox in mind, I recently visited 25 companies; it became
18、 clear to me that the cost-cutting approach to increasing productivity is fundamentally flawed. Manufacturing regularly observes a “40, 40, 20“ rule Roughly 40 percent of any manufacturing-based competitive advantage derives from long-term changes in manufacturing structure (decisions about the numb
19、er, size, location, and capacity of facilities) and in approaches to materials. Another 40 percent comes from major changes in equipment and process technology. The final 20 percent rests on implementing conventional cost-cutting. This rule does not be tried. The well-known tools of this approach -
20、including simplifying jobs and retraining employees to work smarter, not harder - do produce results. But the tools quickly reach the limits of what they can contribute. Another problem is that the cost-cutting approach hinders innovation and discourages creative people. As Abernathys study of autom
21、obile manufacturers has shown, an industry can easily become prisoner of its own investment in cast-cutting techniques, reducing its ability to develop new products. And managers under pressure to maximize cost-cutting will resist innovation because they know that more fundamental changes in process
22、es or systems will wreak havoc with the results on which they are measured. Production managers have always seen their job as one of minimizing costs and maximizing out- put. This dimension of performance has until recently sufficed as a basis of evaluation, but it has created a penny-pinching, mech
23、anistic culture in most factories that has kept away creative managers. Every company I know that has freed itself from the paradox has done so, in part, by developing and implementing a manufacturing strategy. Such a strategy facturing and implementing a manufacturing strategy. Such a strateg7 focu
24、ses on the manufacturing structure and on equipment and process technology. In one company a manufacturing strategy that allowed different areas of the factory to specialize in different markets replaced the conventional cost-cutting approach; -within three years the company regained its competitive
25、 advantage. Together with such strategies, successful companies are also encouraging managers to focus on a wider set of objectives besides cutting costs. There is hope for manufacturing, but it clearly rests on a different way of managing. 21 The author of the passage is primarily concerned with _.
26、 （ A） summarizing a thesis （ B） recommending a different approach （ C） comparing points of view （ D） making a series of predictions 22 The authors attitude toward the culture in most factories is best described as _. （ A） cautious （ B） critical （ C） disinterested （ D） respeciful 23 In the passage, t
27、he author includes all of the following EXCEPT _. （ A） a business principle （ B） a definition of productivity （ C） an example of a successful company （ D） an illustration of a process technology 24 The author suggests that implementing manufacturing competitiveness is a strategy that is _. （ A） flaw
28、ed and ruinous （ B） shortsighted and difficult to sustain （ C） popular and easily accomplished （ D） useful but inadequate 24 The year which preceded my fathers death made great change in my life. I had been living in New Jersey, working defense plants, working and living among southerners, white and
29、 black. I knew about the south, of course, and about how southerners treated Negroes and how they expected them to behave, but it had never entered my mind that anyone would look at me and expect me to behave that way. I learned in New Jersey that to be a Negro meant, precisely, that one was never l
30、ooked at but was simply at the mercy of the reflexes of the color of ones skin caused in other people. I acted in New Jersey as I had always acted, that is as though I thought a great deal of myself - I had to act that way - with results that were, simply, unbelievable. I had scarcely arrived before
31、 I had earned the enmity, which was extraordinarily ingenious, of all my superiors and nearly all my co-workers. In the beginning, to make matters worse, I simply did not know what was happening. I did not know what had done, and I shortly began to wonder what anyone could possibly do, to bring abou
32、t such unanimous, active, and unbearably vocal hostility. I knew about jim-crow, but I had never experienced it. I went to the same serf-service restaurant three times and stood with all the Princeton boys before the counter, waiting for a hamburger and coffee; it was always an extraordinarily long
33、time before anything was set before me: I had simply picked something up. Negroes were not served there, I was told, and they had been waiting for me to realize that I was always the only Negro present. Once I was told this, I determined to go there all the time. But now they were ready for me and,
34、though some dreadful scenes were subsequently enacted in that restaurant, I never ate there again. It was same story all over New Jersey, in Bars, bowling alleys, diners, places to live. I was always being forced to leave, silently, or with mutual imprecations. I very shortly became notorious and ch
35、ildren giggled behind me when I passed and their elders whispered or shouted - they really believed that I was mad. And it did begin to work on my mind, of course; I began to be afraid to go anywhere and to compensate for this I went places to witch I really should not have gone and where, God knows
36、, I had no desire to be. My reputation in town naturally enhanced my reputation at work and my working day became one long series of acrobatics designed to keep me out of trouble. I cannot say that these acrobatics night, with But one aim: to eject me. I was fired once, and contrived, with tile aid
37、of a friend from New York, to get back on the payroll; was fired again, and bounced back again. It took a while to fire me for the third time, but the third time took. There were no loopholes anywhere. There was not even any way of getting back inside the gates. That year in New Jersey lives in my m
38、ind as though it were the year during which, having an unsuspected predilection for it, I first contracted some dread, chronic disease, the unfailing symptom of which is kind of blind fever, a pounding in the skull and fire in the bowels. Once this disease is contracted, one can never be really care
39、free again, for the fever, with- out an instants warning, can recur at any moment. It can wreck more. important race relations. There is not a Negro alive who does not have this rage in his Blood - one has the choice, merey, of living with it consciously or surrendering to it. As for me, this fever
40、has recurred in me, and does, and will until the day I die. My last night in New Jersey, a white friend from New York took me to the nearest Big town, Trenton, to go to the movies and have a few drinks. As it turned out, he also saved me from, at the very least, a violent whipping. Almost every de-
41、tail of that night stands out very clearly in my memory. I even remember the name of the movie we saw because its title impressed me as being so partly ironical. It was a movie about the German occupation of France, starring Maureen O Hara and Charles Laughton and called This Land Is Mine. I remembe
42、r the name of the diner we walked into when the movie ended. It was the “American Diner“. When we walked in the counterman asked what we wanted and I remember answering with the casual sharpness which had become my habit: “We want a hamburger and a cup of coffee, what do you think we want?“ I do not
43、 know why, after a year of such rebuffs, I so completely failed to anticipate his answer, which was, of course, “We dont serve Negroes here.“ This reply failed to discompose me, at least for the moment. I made some sardonic comment about the name of the diner and we walked out into the streets. This
44、 was the time of what was called the “brown-out“, when the lights in all American cities were very dim. When we reentered the streets something happened to me which had the force of an optical illusion, or a nightmare. The streets were very crowded and I was facing north. People were moving in every
45、 direction but it seemed to me, in that instant, that all of the people I could see, and many more than that, were moving toward me, against me, and that everyone was white. I re- member how their faces string connecting my head to my Body had been cut. I began to walk. I heard my friend call after
46、me, but I ignored him. Heaven only knows what was going on in his mind, but he had the good sense not to touch me - I dont know what would have happened if he had - and to keep me in sight. I dont know what was going on in my mind, either; I certainly had no conscious plan. I wanted to do something
47、to crush these white faces, which were crushing me. I walked for perhaps a block or two until I came to an enormous, glittering, and fashionable restaurant in which I knew not even the intercession of the Virgin would cause me to be served. I pushed through the doors and look the first vacant seat I
48、 saw, at a table or two, and waited. I do not know how long I waited and I rather wonder, until today, what I could possibly have looked like. Whatever I looked towards her. I hated her for her white face, and for her great, astounded, frightened eyes. I felt that if she found a black man so frighte
49、ning I would make her fright worthwhile. She did not ask me what wanted, but repeated, as though she had learned it somewhere, “We dont serve Negroes here. “She did not say it with the blunt, derisive hostility to which I had grown so accustomed, but, rather, with a note of apology in her voice, and fear. This made me colder and more murderous than ever. I felt I had to do something with my hands. I wanted her to come close enough for me to get her
