1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 743及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 Theories of History . How much we know about history? A. Written records exist for only a fraction of man
3、s time B. The accuracy of these records is often (1), 【 1】 _ and details in them often needs improvement. . Reconstruction of history before writing A. being difficult because of the (2)of history to us 【 2】 _ B. the most that we can do is: use (3)【 3】 _ and the knowledge of the habits of animals. .
4、 Theories about history A. Objective: to (4)the beginning and 【 4】 _ deduce the end of mans story. B. One theory believes that man continually (5)【 5】 _ (6)must be more intelligent and civilized 【 6】 _ than his ancestors. Human race will evolve into a race of (7)【 7】 _ C. The second theory holds the
5、 mans history is like a (8)【 8】 _ of development. Modern man is not the most superior. Modem man may be inferior to members of (9)【 9】 _ D. The third theory: Human societies repeat a cycle of stages, but overall progress is (10)in the long historical perspective.【 10】 _ 1 【 1】 2 【 2】 3 【 3】 4 【 4】 5
6、 【 5】 6 【 6】 7 【 7】 8 【 8】 9 【 9】 10 【 10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer ea
7、ch of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 According to the news, most poor people cannot do all of the following EXCEPT _. （ A） growing enough food. （ B） feeding their families. （ C） buying enough necessities. （ D） feeding their fowl. 12 The reason for the 800 million peopl
8、e going to bed hungry is that _. （ A） there is no enough food for everyone. （ B） they have no access to grow or buy food. （ C） they are lazy and dont want to grow food. （ D） they are used to receiving others aid. 13 Which of the following is NOT a task of WFP as a humanitarian relief organization? （
9、 A） Communicate with donors. （ B） Assess the beneficiaries needs. （ C） Get food to the right people. （ D） Contact regional authorities. 14 According to Ms. Bertini, in the mission to end hunger, women play _. （ A） a decisive role. （ B） a minor role. （ C） an important role. （ D） no role at all. 15 Th
10、e greatest challenge in delivering food to people who need it is to _. （ A） raise the resources and delivering food to poor people. （ B） convince people to contribute more food and money. （ C） help people improve their well-being over the long term. （ D） devote more energy to those who are still mos
11、t at risk. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 According to the United Nations Security Council, wha
12、t should South Sudan do? （ A） Monitor its referendum. （ B） Join the United Nations. （ C） Oversee its president election. （ D） Stop the conflict with the North. 17 According to the news item, Abyei is_. （ A） an oil-rich region （ B） a part of South Kordofan （ C） a place where the civil war started （ D
13、） a place where the agreement was reached 17 An extreme example of a federal system is the one adopted in the 1970s in Yugoslavia, known as workers self-management. Primary power was given to individual factories and other places of work, each managed by a board of directors that would establish pol
14、icy for investments, prices, profits, wages, and so on. Each board of directors, elected by the workers, would answer to a workers council, consisting of all workers in the company. Representatives selected from the communitys different workers councils would meet together in a local assembly. In th
15、is way, the fundamental decisions concerning the community would be made by local workers. The system also included a second branch of the local assembly comprising officials elected by all of the people. The local units of government, known as communes, were grouped into six republics. An important
16、 purpose of this federal system was to protect the rights of its different nationalities. There is a saying in Yugoslavia that roughly translates as follows: Yugoslavia has seven neighbors, six republics, five nationalities, four languages, three religions, two alphabets, and one dinar. Yugoslavias
17、political fragmentation has long been a source of problems. Nationalities other than the five officially recognized claim they are victims of discrimination. For example, 90 percent of the residents of the southern region of Kosovo are Albanians, but Yugoslavia does not recognize Albanian as a disti
18、nct nationality, Kosovos official status is an autonomous region administered by Serbia, but in recent years Serbia has taken over direct rule of the region, under the pretext that the Albanians were threatening to detach Kosovo from Yugoslavia and unite it with the neighboring state of Albania. A s
19、imilar situation has existed in Vojvodian, another autonomous region administered by Serbia, where ethnic Hungarians lack official recognition as one of Yugoslavias nationalities. Another problem for Yugoslavia has been competition among republics for resources, rather than cooperation to develop th
20、e countrys economy as a whole. For example, from the viewpoint of international competitiveness, Yugoslavia should concentrate its resources to modernize and expand one large port, but each republic has wanted its own port. Instead of one large port, Yugoslavia has had several medium-sized ones that
21、 are less successful at attracting foreign trade. Regional cooperation has also been hurt by economic differences among the republics. Slovenia, which borders Austria and Italy and contains only about 8 percent of Yugoslavias population, has generally produced about 18 percent of the gross national
22、product and 25 percent of the exports. With average incomes twice the national level, Slovenes have estimated that one-fourth of their production goes to subsidizing the economies of the poorer republics in the south. 18 Which is NOT described as a source of the problems facing the 1970s Yugoslavia?
23、 （ A） Lack of regional Cooperation. （ B） Religious conflicts. （ C） Competition for resources. （ D） Discrimination against ethnic minorities. 19 As can be gathered from the passage, Kosovo _ （ A） is one of the six republics （ B） is part of Serbia （ C） is autonomous （ D） borders on Serbia 20 Which of
24、the following is a bordering neighbor of Yugoslavia? （ A） Slovakia. （ B） Greece. （ C） Albania. （ D） Belgium. 21 The economic development of Yugoslavia is directly hindered by _. （ A） the competition among its republics （ B） the conflicts between the ethnic groups （ C） the absence of a large moderniz
25、ed port （ D） the existence of four distinct languages 一、 PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN) Directions: There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question. 22 For nearly 400 years, Britain was under the Roman occupation, but the Romans never conquered t
26、he tribes of_. （ A） Celts （ B） Scotland （ C） Saxons （ D） Britain 23 _contained a series of seven laws against the Puritans. （ A） The Clarendon Act （ B） The Test Act （ C） The Disabling Act （ D） The Bill of Rights 24 Mentalists hold that language is acquired with the help of （ A） enough practice. （ B）
27、 language acquisition device. （ C） context. （ D） sufficient input. 25 Which of the following works is NOT written by Samuel Taylor Coleridge? （ A） The Fall of the Bastille （ B） The Lady of the Lake （ C） Kubla Khan （ D） The Rime of the Ancient Mariner 26 Which of the following party does not belong t
28、o the three major political parties of Britain nowadays? （ A） Labour Party. （ B） Democratic Party. （ C） Liberal Democratic Party. （ D） Conservative Party. 27 Which of the following countries does NOT take English as the official language? （ A） Singapore. （ B） South Africa （ C） Canada （ D） Belgium. 2
29、8 H. G. Wells is one of the most famous writers of fiction. （ A） romantic （ B） realistic （ C） classical （ D） science 29 The word “bead“ originally meant prayer, but now it refers to the rosary used in the prayer. This is an example of_. （ A） widening of meaning （ B） loss of meaning （ C） meaning shif
30、t （ D） narrowing of meaning 30 The flag which is a combination of Britains three parts is known as _. （ A） the United Nation （ B） St. Patrick （ C） the Union Jack （ D） Great Britain 31 _ is sometimes called “the worlds biggest farm“. （ A） New Zealand （ B） Australia （ C） Canada （ D） The United States
31、二、 PART IV PROOFREADING they can open their minds and (5)_ hearts to any suffering that does not touch them personally; they can refuse to know. I might be attempted to envy people who can live that way, except (6)_ that I do not think they have any fewer nightmares than I did. Choosing to (7)_ live
32、 in narrow spaces leads to a form of mental agoraphobia, and that brings its own terrors. I think the willfully imaginative see more monsters. They are (8)_ often more afraid. What is more, those who choose not to empathise enable real monsters. For without ever committing to an act of outright evil
33、 our- (9)_ selves, we collude with it, through our own apathy. One of the many things I learned at the end of that Classics corridor down which I ventured at the age of 18, in search of something I could not then define, was this, written by the Greek author Plutarch: What we achieve inwardly will c
34、hange out reality. (10)_ 32 (1) 33 (2) 34 (3) 35 (4) 36 (5) 37 (6) 38 (7) 39 (8) 40 (9) 41 (10) SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH Directions: Translate the following text into English. 42 城市是一粒粒精致的银扣，缀在旷野的黑绿色大氅上，不分昼夜地熠熠闪光。 我所说的旷野，泛指崇山峻岭，河流海洋，湖泊森林，戈壁荒漠 一切人烟罕至保存原始风貌的地方。 旷野和城市，从根本上讲，是对立的。 人们多以为和城市相对应的那个词，是乡
35、村。其实乡村不过是城市发育的低级阶段。再简陋的乡村，也是城市的一脉兄长。 惟有旷野与城市永无声息地对峙着。城市侵袭了 旷野昔日的领地，驱散了旷野原有的驻民，破坏了旷野古老的风景，越来越多地以井然有序的繁华，取代我行我素的自然风光。 城市是人类所有伟大发明的需求地，展览厅，比赛场，评判台。如果有一双慧眼从宇宙观看夜晚的地球，他一定被城市不灭的光芒所震撼。旷野是舒缓的，城市是激烈的。旷野是宁静的，城市喧嚣不已。旷野对万物具有强大的包容性，城市几乎是人的一统天下 SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE Directions: Translate the following text
36、 into Chinese. 43 I will tell you what literature is! NoI only wish I could. But I cant. Gleams can be thrown on the secret, inklings given, but no more. I will try to give you an inkling. And, to do so, I will take you back into your history, or forward onto it. That evening when you went for a wal
37、k with your faithful friend, the friend from whom you hid nothingor almost nothing.! You were, in truth, somewhat inclined to hide from him the particular matter which monopolized your mind that evening, but somehow you contrived to get on to it, drawn by an overpowering fascination. And as your fri
38、end was sympathetic and discreet, and flattered you by a respectful curiosity, you proceeded further and further into the said matter, growing more and more confidential, until at last you cried out, in a terrific whisper: “My boy, she is simply miraculous!“ At that moment you were in the domain of
39、literature. 三、 PART VI WRITING (45 MIN) Directions: Write a composition of about 400 words on the following topic. 44 In China, many students at senior high school are divided into those who pursue studies in arts or those in sciences. Some educators argue that specialization at high school may be h
40、armful to the intellectual development of the young. What is your opinion on this issue? Write a composition of about 400 words on 1. The Choice Between Arts and Sciences In the first part of your writing you should present your thesis statement, and in the second part you should support the thesis
41、statement with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriacy. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Write your composition o
42、n ANSWER SHEET FOUR. 专业英语八级模拟试卷 743答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task aft
43、er the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 【听力原文】 Theories of History Good morning, class. Todays lecture is mainly concerned wi
44、th some theories of history. How much of mans history do we know? We really know very little. Written records exist for only a fraction of what we suppose to have been mans time as a unique species. Furthermore,the accuracy of these records is often suspected, and the scope and selection of signific
45、ant detail in them often needs improvement. It is worse when we lay to reconstruct mans history before the development of writing, and this is unfortunate because the history of the greatest discoveries, such as fire, the wheel and the sail, as well as the history of the early development of human s
46、ociety are lost to us.The most that we can do is to use traces, deduction, speculation and the knowledge we have of the habits of those animals which have elementary social order to help us make a partial reconstruction. This is hardly a satisfactory substitute for precise information. With our know
47、ledge .of human history, which is only fragmentary at best, it is therefore nearly impossible to reconstruct the beginning and to deduce the end of the story of man. Thus, there have developed many schools of thought on the subject, each of which attempts to give coherence to the human past by fitti
48、ng it into the framework of a theory of history. Now,lets take a look at one of these theories, it is assumed that man continually progress. He has evolved from a lower to a higher form of being, and he continues to evolve. This evolution takes place both in terms of his potentials and his abilities
49、 to actualize these potentials. If one holds this theory, one feels that modem man must be more intelligent and civilized today than his ancestors, as well as physically and morally superior to them. One further assumes that this progress will continue into an ever more glorious future, Here deduction often ends and dreams of utopia begin, for it seems that most o
