1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 753及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 Music and Creative Arts for Preschoolers Music, movement, and the creative arts are linked by commonaliti
3、es of appreciation, enjoyment, (1)_, discovery, engagement, and uniqueness. Therefore when children, especially preschoolers, participate in activities in these essential areas, they have opportunities to express their own individuality and imagination more fully and (2)_the very acts of creation. M
4、usic, movement, and the creative arts also are (3)_because they provoke strong emotions, especially in young children. Therefore, not only will young children freely enjoy and participate in activities that evoke strong feelings, but they also will remember and learn from these activities, which are
5、 significant in a preschool (4)_for several reasons. First and foremost is the core role that all the arts play in the aesthetic development of every child. Participating in art activities may lead to further appreciation and (5)_of the beauty in artistic creations. For this reason, educators need t
6、o help children develop an appreciation of the arts and the vital role that they play in their lives and environments so that children should learn how their world is brightened and enriched by the broad (6)_of art forms. Second, music and movement easily lend themselves to (7)_times during the pres
7、chool day. They prepare the children for new activities and demands for attention. They also are an important part of routines that provide a safe structure and a (8)_environment for young children. Also, they will be more confident in taking risks at other times when there is a new activity or a ne
8、w person in the classroom. Third, all the creative arts have a powerful and effective link to literacy acquisition and learning in other curricular areas. When children are developing their musical capabilities, they also are strengthening their cognitive, social, emotional, and (9)_domains. Besides
9、, music also stimulates the limbic system, the part of the brain that is responsible for (10)_. SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of th
10、e interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 Susan considers “no“ to be positive because you are able to _. （ A） follow your inclinations, （ B） have time to make friends. （ C） spend time on your concern. （ D） refuse annoying
11、 requests. 12 Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a reason why people say “yes“ often? （ A） They dont want to be lazy. （ B） They are afraid to lose their job. （ C） They dont want to be considered selfish. （ D） They want to maintain good relations. 13 According to the author, what is the most
12、important step to say “no“? （ A） Get your priorities straight. （ B） Make your time well managed. （ C） Make a list of your yeses. （ D） Give Control to others. 14 The key to shaking off the guilty feeling of saying “no“ is that _. （ A） you agree to do something else instead. （ B） you try your best to
13、ignore its effects. （ C） you are aware that people are used to others refusal. （ D） you realize that you arent the only one they rely on. 15 In her book, Susan advises us not to be _. （ A） unselfish people. （ B） people pleasers. （ C） docile people. （ D） humanitarians. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Direct
14、ions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 According to the news items, the retiring Justice Sandra Day OConnor must_. （ A） be a conservat
15、ive （ B） be a liberal （ C） be a moderate （ D） have no position 17 How did people respond to Bush nomination of Roberts? （ A） Both Republicans and Democrats were in favor of the nomination. （ B） Both Republicans and Democrats were worried about the nomination. （ C） Democrats supported the nomination
16、while Republicans were worded about it. （ D） Republicans supported the nomination while Democrats were worded about it. 17 Researchers investigating brain size and mental ability say their work offers evidence that education protects the mind from the brain s physical deterioration. It is known that
17、 the brain shrinks as the body ages, but the effects on mental ability are different from person to person. Interestingly, in a study of elderly men and women, those who had more education actually had more brain shrinkage. “That may seem tike bad news,“ said study author Dr. Edward Coffey, a profes
18、sor of psychiatry and of neurology at Henry Ford Health System in Detroit. However, he explained, the Finding suggests that education allows people to withstand more brain-tissue loss before their mental functioning begins to break down. The study, published in the July issue of Neurology, is the fi
19、rst to provide biological evidence to support a concept called the “reserve“ hypothesis, according to the researchers. In recent years, investigators have developed the idea that people who are more educated have greater cognitive reserves to draw upon as the brain tissue to spare. Examining brain s
20、cans of 320 healthy men and women ages 66 to 90, researchers found that for each year of education the subjects had, there was greater shrinkage of the outer layer of the brain known as the cortex. Yet on tests of cognition and memory, all participants scored in the range indicating normal. “Everyon
21、e has some degree of brain shrinkage,“ Coffey said. “People lose (on average) 2.5 percent decade starting at adulthood. There is, however, a “remarkable range“ of shrinkage among people who show no signs of mental decline, Coffey noted. Overall health, he said, accounts for some differences in brain
22、 size. Alcohol or drug use, as well as medical conditions such as diabetes and high blood pressure, contribute to brain-tissue loss throughout adulthood. In the absence of such medical conditions, Coffey said, education level helps explain the range of brain shrinkage exhibited among the mentally-fi
23、t elderly. The more-educated can withstand greater loss. Coffey and colleagues gauged shrinkage of the cortex by measuring the cerebrospinal fluid surrounding the brain. The greater the amount of fluid, the greater the cortical shrinkage. Controlling for the health factors that contribute to brain i
24、njury, the researchers found that education war related to the severity of brain shrinkage. For each year of education from first grade on, subjects had an average of 1.77 milliliters more cerebrospinal fluid around the brain. For example, Coffey s team reported, among subjects of the same sex and s
25、imilar age and skull size, those with 16 years of education had 8 percent to l0 percent more cerebrospinal fluid compared with those who had four years of schooling. Of course, achieving a particular education level is not the definitive measure of someone s mental capacity. And, said Coffey, educat
26、ion can be “a proxy for many things“. More-educated people, he noted, are often less likely to have habits, such as smoking, that harm overall health. But Coffey said that his team s findings suggest that like the body, the brain benefits from exercise. “The question is whether by continuing to exer
27、cise the brain we can forestall the effects of (brain shrinkage),“ he said. “My hunch is that we can.“ According to Coffey, people should strive throughout life to keep their brains alert by exposing themselves to new experiences. Travelling is one way to stimulate the brain, he said; a less adventu
28、resome way is to do crossword puzzles. “A hot topic down the road,“ Coffey said, “will be whether education even late in life has a protective effect against mental decline.“ Just how education might affect brain cells is unknown. In their report, the researchers speculated that in people with more
29、education, certain brain structures deeper than the cortex may stay intact to compensate for cortical shrinkage. 18 According to this passage, all of the following factors could account for brain shrinkage except_. （ A） age （ B） education （ C） health （ D） exercise 19 Which of the following statement
30、s is true? （ A） The brain of an adult person shrinks 2.5% every l0 years. （ B） The cerebrospinal fluid of a person with g years of education may have increased by 17.7 millimeters. （ C） The cerebrospinal fluid of a person with 16 years of education may increase by 10%. （ D） The brain of an aged pers
31、on shrinks 5% every 10 years. 20 According to Coffey s research, the brain may benefit from _. （ A） running （ B） playing chess （ C） swimming （ D） playing football. 21 From this passage, we can conclude that _. （ A） education is beneficial to mental development （ B） education protects the brain from
32、shrinking （ C） education has a protective effect against mental decline （ D） education affects overall brain structures 一、 PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN) Directions: There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question. 22 Which of the name of the gov
33、ernment was for the Southern States during the American Civil War? （ A） Federal Government of America. （ B） Central State of America. （ C） Confederate Government of America. （ D） Confederate States of America. 23 The word “girl“ originally meant “young person of either sex“, but now it means “young
34、people of female sex“. This is an example of （ A） meaning shift. （ B） widening of meaning. （ C） narrowing of meaning. （ D） loss of meaning. 24 Which is NOT written by Philip Sidney? （ A） Arcadia （ B） Astrophel and Stella （ C） The Shepherd Calendar （ D） Defense of Poetry 25 The following maxims are t
35、he Cooperative Principles EXCEPT （ A） Quantity Maxim. （ B） Quality Maxim. （ C） Distance Maxim. （ D） Relation Maxim. 26 The _ is lying between America to the east and Asia. （ A） Atlantic （ B） Pacific （ C） Indian Ocean （ D） Arctic 27 Robert Frost was an _. （ A） American novelist （ B） English short- st
36、ory writer （ C） English essayist （ D） American poet 28 In terms of literature, the period before the American Civil War is commonly referred to as _. （ A） the Romantic Period （ B） the Realistic Period （ C） the Naturalist Period （ D） the Modem Period 29 After the g01d rush, the city of_became the fin
37、ancial and economic centre in Australia. （ A） Canberra （ B） Sydney （ C） Melbourne （ D） Perth 30 At the beginning of the 17th century the English language was brought to North America by colonists from England who used the language spoken in England, that is,_, the language used by Shakespeare, Milto
38、n and Banyan. （ A） Elizabethan English （ B） Edwardian English （ C） Kings English （ D） Standardized English 31 Which of the following pairs of words are homophones? （ A） wind(v.)/ wind(n.). （ B） suspect(v.)/ suspect(n.). （ C） convict(v.)/ convict(n.). （ D） bare(adj.)/bear(v.). 二、 PART IV PROOFREADING
39、 conference a ready man; and writing an exact man. And therefore, if a man write little, he had need have a great memory; if he confer little, he had need have a present wit: and if he read little, he had need have much cunning, to seem to know, that he doth not. Histories make men wise; poets witty
40、; the mathematics subtitle; natural philosophy deep; moral grave; logic and rhetoric able to contend. There is no stand or impediment in the wit, but may be wrought out by fit studies; like as diseases of the body, may have appropriate exercises. Bowling is good for the stone and reins; shooting for
41、 the lungs and breast; gentle walking for the stomach; riding for the head; and the like. 三、 PART VI WRITING (45 MIN) Directions: Write a composition of about 400 words on the following topic. 44 Cosmetic surgery used to be something only for the “rich and famous“, but recently, it has become access
42、ible to ordinary people. Considering its appealing advantages, such as improving ones chance of getting a job and helping a persons career, many people are increasingly willing to go under the knife to get ahead of their peers, while some others are concerned about its dangers. What is your view on
43、this? Write an essay of about 400 words on the following topic： Is It Wise to Seek Cosmetic Surgery? 专业英语八级模拟试卷 753答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your not
44、es will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 【听力原文
45、】 Music and Creative Arts for Preschoolers Music always seems to have the ability to evoke some type of response or participation from people of all ages and cultures. Therefore, it is not by accident that music, movement, and the creative arts are discussed here together. They are linked by commona
46、lities of appreciation, enjoyment, free expression, discovery, engagement, and uniqueness. There is little that is right or wrong when children participate in activities in these essential areas. Rather, young children have opportunities to express their own individuality and imagination more fully
47、and take pleasure in the very acts of creation. In these developmental areas, the end product is not as important as the participation in the creative event. Music, movement, and the creative arts also are connected because they provoke strong emotions, especially in young children. When participati
48、ng in activities in these areas, children activate both the right and left sides of the brain, stimulating and expanding all the brains cognitive, social, and emotional regions. Therefore, it follows that not only will young children freely enjoy and participate in activities that evoke strong feeli
49、ngs, but they also will remember and learn from these activities. A strong art foundation builds creativity, concentration, problem-solving, and self-discipline. The creative arts have a significant place in a preschool framework for several reasons. First and foremost is the core role that all the arts play in the aesthetic development of every child. The active engagement and enjoyment of children as they participate in any visual and
