1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 755 及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture
2、. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 Culture Shock I. The definition of culture shock feelings like surprise, disorientation, uncertainty and
3、 (1)_(1)_ difficulty in knowing(2)_ and what is not(2)_ dislike or disgust with certain aspects of the new or different culture II. Four stages of culture shock: 1. Honeymoon stage you feel extremely(3)_ and far from bewildering(3)_ 2.(4)_(4)_ there is full of frustration, disillusion and homesickne
4、ss you devise some(5)_ to protect yourself against(5)_ the effects of culture shock: a. repression: pretend everything is acceptable b.(6)_: act like a child(6)_ c. isolation: avoid communicating with anybody d. rejection :(7)_ to ask for help(7)_ 3. Recovery stage you develop(8)_of everything you d
5、ont understand(8)_ you learn to adapt to the new culture 4. Adjustment stage acquisition of understanding becomes less(9)_(9)_ you begin to feel comfortable and have adjusted to the new culture III. Tips to deal with culture shock 1. learn the culture(10)_(10)_ 2. learn out of home and make friends
6、with neighbors 1 (1) 2 (2) 3 (3) 4 (4) 5 (5) 6 (6) 7 (7) 8 (8) 9 (9) 10 (10) SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you wil
7、l be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 Where does the conversation take place? （ A） In the student recreation center. （ B） In the campus dining hall. （ C） In the university bookstore. （ D） In a classroom. 12 How does the woman plan to sp
8、end her evening? （ A） Studying. （ B） Preparing snacks. （ C） Playing cards. （ D） Learning how to play bridge. 13 What will the woman probably do if she is the dummy? （ A） Watch her player. （ B） Play her cards in cooperation with her partner. （ C） Quit the game. （ D） Teach the man how to play bridge.
9、14 What does the man warn the woman not to do? （ A） Miss her card game. （ B） Stay up too late. （ C） Take too heavy a work load next semester. （ D） Neglect her studies to play bridge. 15 Why doesnt the man accept the womansofter? （ A） He already knows how to play. （ B） He doesnt like to play games. （
10、 C） He doesnt have a partner. （ D） He doesnt have enough free time. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.
11、 16 When did Pakistan president offer the truce? （ A） On Wednesday. （ B） On Thursday. （ C） On Friday. （ D） On Tuesday. 17 Which of the following statements is NOT true about Indian prime ministers criticism of_. Pakistan? （ A） Pakistan is involving in terrorist activities. （ B） Pakistan supports ter
12、rorism. （ C） Pakistan wants to legitimize its terror attacks. （ D） Pakistanis never keep their promises. 17 Literature and Life In a reaction against a too-rigid, over-refined classical curriculum, some educational philosophers have swung sharply to an espousal of “life experience“ as the sole sourc
13、e of learning. Using their narrow interpretation of John Deweys theories as a base for support, they conclude that only through “doing“ can learning take place. Spouting such phrases as “Teach the child, not the subject,“ they demand, without sensing its absurdity, an end to rigorous study as a mean
14、s of opening the way to learning. While not all adherents to this approach would totally eliminate a study of great hooks, the influence of this philosophy has been felt in the public school curricula, as evidenced by the gradual subordination of great literature. What is the purpose of literature?
15、Why read, if life alone is to be our teacher? James Joyce states that the artist reveals the human situation by re-creating life out of life; Aristotle that art presents universal truths because its form is taken from nature. Thus, consciously or otherwise, the great writer reveals the human situati
16、on most tellingly, extending our understanding of ourselves anti our world. We can soar with the writer to the heights of mans aspirations, or plummeting with him to tragic despair. The works of Steinbeck, Anderson, and Salinger; the poetry of Whitman, Sandburg, and Frost; the plays of Ibsen, Miller
17、, and ONeill; all present starkly realistic portrayals of lifes problems. Reality? Yes! But how much wider is the understanding we gain than that attained by viewing life through the keyhole of our single existence. Can we measure the richness gained by the young reader venturing down the Mississipp
18、i with Tom and Huck, or cheering Ivanhoe as be battles the Black Knight; the deepening understanding of the mature reader of the tragic South of William Faulkner and Tennessee Williams, of the awesome determination and frailty of Patrick Whites Australian pioneers? This function of literature, the e
19、nlarging of our own life sphere, is of itself of major importance. Addition- ally, however, it has been suggested that solutions of social problems maybe suggested in the study of literature. The overweening ambitions of political leaders and their sneering contempt for the law-did not appear for th
20、e first time in the writings of Bernstein and Woodward; the problems, and the consequent actions, of the guilt ridden did not await the appearance of the bearded psychoanalyst of the twentieth century. Federal judge Learned Hand has written, “I venture to believe that it is as important to a judge c
21、alled upon to pass on a question of constitutional law, to have at least a bowing acquaintance with Thucydides, Gibbon, and Carlyle, with Homer, Dante, Shakespeare, and Milton, with Montaigne and Rabelais, with Plato, Bacon, Hume, and Kant, as with the books which have been specifically written on t
22、he subject. For in such matters everything tums upon the spirit in which he approaches the questions before him. “But what of our dissenters? Can we overcome the disapproval of their “life experience classroom“ theory of learning? We must start with the- field of agreement that education should serv
23、e to improve the individual and society. We must educate them to the understanding that the voice of human experience should stretch our human faculties, and open us to learning. We must convince them-in their own personal language perhaps-of the “togetherness“ of life and art; we must prove to them
24、 that far from being separate, literature is that part of life which illuminates life. (578) 18 According to the passage, the end goal of great literature is _. （ A） the recounting of dramatic and exciting stories, and the creation of characters （ B） to create anew a synthesis of life that illuminat
25、es the human condition （ C） the teaching of morality and ethical behavior （ D） to portray lifes problem 19 In the authors opinion, as seen in this passage, one outcome of the influence of the “life experience“ adherents has been _. （ A） the gradual subordination of the study of great literature in t
26、he schools （ B） a narrowed interpretation of the theories of John Dewey （ C） a sharp swing over to “learning through doing“ （ D） an end to rigorous study as a way of learning 20 As the author sees it, one of the most important gains from the study of great literature is _. （ A） enrichment of our und
27、erstanding of the past （ B） broadening of our approaches to social problems （ C） that it gives us a bowing acquaintance with great figures of the past （ D） that it provides us with vicarious experiences which provide a much broader experience than we can get from experiences of simply our own lives
28、alone 21 The authors purpose in this passage is to _. （ A） list those writers who make up the backbone of a great literature curriculum （ B） compare the young readers experience with literature to that of the mature readers （ C） plead for the retention of great literature as a fundamental part of th
29、e curriculum （ D） advocate the adoption of the “life experience“ approach to teaching 一、 PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN) Directions: There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question. 22 The novel Pride and Prejudice was written by the famous woman
30、writer （ A） Charlotte Bronte. （ B） Emily Bronte. （ C） Jane Austen. （ D） Jane Eyre. 23 Today about_of the Welsh population still speak Welsh as their first language and about one percent speak only Welsh. （ A） half （ B） two thirds （ C） one fifth （ D） a quarter 24 _is remembered as the monarch who los
31、t the French port of Calais. （ A） Edward VI （ B） Mary Tudor （ C） Elizabeth I （ D） Henry VIII 25 During the WW II, the first summit was held at_in November 194 （ A） Berlin （ B） Potsdam （ C） Yalta （ D） Teheran 26 The British Empire was replaced by the British Commonwealth or the Commonwealth of Nation
32、s in （ A） 1921. （ B） 1931. （ C） 1945. （ D） 1950. 27 Which of the following is a central vowel? （ A） e （ B） i （ C） u （ D） 28 Japanese uses_writing system. （ A） word （ B） syllabic alphabet （ C） alphabetic （ D） syllabic 29 In the _ century, the idea that beneath the differences all languages are essent
33、ially the same in nature surfaced again. （ A） 13th （ B） 15th （ C） 18th （ D） 19th 30 _ is the largest city in Canada. （ A） Ottawa （ B） Toronto （ C） Vancouver （ D） Montreal 31 Which of the following words is a blend, a word formed by combining parts of others? （ A） Disco. （ B） Laser. （ C） Motel. （ D）
34、AIDS. 二、 PART IV PROOFREADING you act like a child. You forget everything, and sometimes you become careless and irresponsible. The third kind of defense mechanism is called “isolation“. You would rather be home alone, and you dont want to communicate with anybody. With isolation, you try to avoid t
35、he effects of culture shock, or at least thats what you think. Isolation is one of the worst coping mechanisms you can use because it separates you from those things that could really help you. The last type of defense mechanism is called “rejection“. With this coping mechanism, you think you dont n
36、eed anybody. You feel you are coping fine alone, so you dont try to ask for help. The defense mechanisms you utilize in the hostility stage are not helpful. If you only occasionally use one of these coping mechanisms to help yourself survive, mat is acceptable. You must be cautious, however. These m
37、echanisms can really hurt you because they prevent you from making necessary adjustments to the new culture. After you deal with your hostile feelings, recognition of the temporary nature of culture shock begins. Then you come to the third stage called “recovery“. In this stage, you start feeling mo
38、re positive, and you try to develop comprehension of everything you dont understand. The whole situation starts to become more favorable; you recover from the symptoms of the first two stages, and you adjust yourself to the new norms, values, and even beliefs and traditions of the new country. You b
39、egin to see that even though the distinctions of the culture are different from your own, it has elements that you can learn to appreciate. The last stage of culture shock is called “adjustment“. In this stage, you have reached a point where you actually feel good because you have learned enough to
40、understand the new culture. The things that initially made you feel uncomfortable or strange are now things that you understand. This acquisition of understanding alleviates much of the stress. Now you feel comfortable; you have adjusted to the new culture. Evidently, culture shock is something you
41、cannot avoid when living in a foreign country, but there are things you can do to make it easier on yourself. One of the ways that you can lessen the overall shock of the culture is to learn as much as you can beforehand. But this means that you need to do more than read books or learn a new languag
42、e; you will want to immerse yourself in the new culture in some way. Look for local groups of emigrants from that country or others that have done what you are hoping to do. The point is to get inside to look into the culture that you want to become a part of. And that means taking the time to learn
43、. Another good way is to slowly begin to dip your toes in the local goings on. Try out new foods and attend different local meetings to observe how people interact with each other. Youll never learn about your new home if you never leave your new home. Meet your neighbors and try to learn about them
44、. Take walks around your home and work place to see what you can observe. So far, weve discussed four stages of culture shock and how to deal with them. In our next lecture, well mainly discuss how the immigrants influence the local culture. 【知识模块】 听力 1 【正确答案】 confusion 【知识模块】 听力 2 【正确答案】 what is ap
45、propriate 【知识模块】 听力 3 【正确答案】 positive 【知识模块】 听力 4 【正确答案】 Hostility stage 【知识模块】 听力 5 【正确答案】 defense mechanisms 【知识模块】 听力 6 【正确答案】 regression 【知识模块】 听力 7 【正确答案】 refuse 【知识模块】 听力 8 【正确答案】 comprehension 【知识模块】 听力 9 【正确答案】 stressful 【知识模块】 听力 10 【正确答案】 beforehand 【知识模块】 听力 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions
46、: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 10 【听力原文
47、】 W: This food is terrible. I cant even finish my dinner. M: I know. You think with all the money we pay for room and board, the university could hire a better food service. Where are you headed next? W: Im going over to the student recreation center to play some bridge. M: You are spending your tim
48、e on a card game? W: Not just any card game. Its one of the most strategics there is. M: So Ive heard. Dont you play with a partner? W: Yeah. Four people play, two against the other two. M: So you try to play in cooperation with your partner. W: Actually, the cards of one of the four players are tur
49、ned face up. That player is called the dummy. M: I wouldnt want to be called that. When you are the dummy, what do you do while the cards are being played? W: Anything you want. Sit there and study, shuffle another deck, get snacks for everyone. I like to stand behind my partner and watch. M: You know, Iye heard that bridge is habit forming. You sho
