1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 774及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 Depression Depression affects people of every color, race, economic status, or age. Unfortunately, not ev
3、eryone recognizes depression when it happens. Some people may have (1)_about it, and react to it harshly. Even people who are depressed dont take their condition seriously enough. In this lecture, (2)_of depression will be discussed, namely, causes, symptoms of depression, and the way to get over it
4、. 1.Causes of depression. Many factors play a role in inducing depression. Genetics. However, genes arent the single cause of depression. Life events. E.g. (3)_ of a close family member or friend can lead to depression. Family and social environment. Medical conditions. Substance abuse can affect mo
5、od. But the depression usually disappears when people get proper (4)_. 2.Symptoms of depression. There are 12 major symptoms for depressed people. They are depressed and sad most of the time with no reason, lack of energy, unable to enjoy pleasant things, estranged from friends and family,(5)_, unab
6、le to concentrate, gaining or losing significant weight, very different in (6)_, feeling guilty or worthless, feeling aches and pains, pessimistic and indifferent, thinking of death or suicide. If someone only has (7)_five symptoms for less than two weeks, he is Okay. Otherwise, he is probably depre
7、ssed. 3.(8)_to get over depression. Treatment for depression can include talk therapy, medication, or a combination of both. When it comes to medication, the doctor should monitor the person carefully, because (9)_is different. What works well for one person might not be good for another. One more s
8、uggestion to the friend of the depressed people is that you should (10)_them to get away with their depression or suicidal feeling. The most important thing is to get them in the right treatment. SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and
9、 then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 What was most important, according to Kofi Annan （ A） Getting the WHO work （ B）
10、 Looking at the figures and statistics and the devastation （ C） Getting the leaders speaking up （ D） Discussing the issue with the WHO and the UNAIDS 12 How did Annan see the individuals struggle through the course of the illness? （ A） He was concerned with the statistics （ B） He was concerned with
11、the suffering and the pain （ C） He was concerned with the medication （ D） He was concerned with the UNs activities there 13 Annan hoped that the governments could increase assistance in the areas of _. （ A） treatment, funds, prevention and getting organizations involved （ B） prevention, education, t
12、reatment and getting organizations involved （ C） education, leadership, prevention and treatment （ D） treatment, education, prevention and leardership 14 Annan was pleased with Dr. Lees approach of rying to get the AIDS medication to _. （ A） three billion people in four years （ B） three million peop
13、le in four years （ C） four million people in three years （ D） three million people in five years 15 Why did Annan meet the seven top pharmaceutical companies? （ A） He urged them to provide more medications for these countries （ B） He urged them to reduce the production of the medications （ C） He urg
14、ed them to lower the prices of the medications （ D） He urged them to produce more effective medications SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given
15、 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 The 1980 convention on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Material _. （ A） made it “legally binding“ for states to protect all nuclear facilities and materials （ B） dealt with the protection of nuclear facilities and materials not only in transport but also in
16、 use and storage （ C） also provided for expanded international cooperation to prevent nuclear theft. （ D） only dealt with fissile materials while in transport. 16 While no woman has been President of the United States, yet the world does have several thousand years of experience with female leaders,
17、 and I have to acknowledge it: their historical record puts mens to shame. A notable share of the great leaders in history have been women: Queen Hatshepsut and Cleopatra of Egypt, Empress Wu Zetian of China, Isabella of Castile, Queen Elizabeth I of England, Catherine the Great of Russia, and Maria
18、 Theresa of Austria. Granted, Im neglecting the likes of Bloody Mary, but its still true that those women who climbed to power in monarchies had an astonishingly high success rate. Research by political psychologists points to possible explanations. Scholars find that women, compared with men, tend
19、to excel in consensus-building and certain other skills useful in leadership. If so, why have female political leaders been so much less impressive in the democratic era? Margaret Thatcher was a transformative figure, but women have been mediocre prime ministers or presidents in countries like Sri L
20、anka, India, Bangladesh, Pakistan, the Philippines and Indonesia. Often, they havent even addressed the urgent needs of women in those countries. I have a pet theory about whats going on. In monarchies, women who rose to the top dealt mostly with a narrow elite, so they could prove themselves and ge
21、t on with governing. But in democracies in the television age, female leaders also have to navigate public prejudicesand these make democratic politics far more challenging for a woman than for a man. In a common experiment, the “Goldberg paradigm“, people are asked to evaluate a particular article
22、or speech, supposedly by a man. Others are asked to evaluate the identical presentation, but from a woman. Typically, in countries all over the world, the very same words are rated higher coming from a man. In particular, one lesson from this research is that promoting their own successes is a helpf
23、ul strategy for ambitious men. But experiments have demonstrated that when women highlight their accomplishments, thats a turn-off. And women seem even more offended by self-promoting females than men are. This creates a huge challenge for ambitious women in politics or business: if theyre self-effa
24、cing, people find them unimpressive, but if“ they talk up their accomplishments, they come across as pushy braggarts. The broader conundrum is that for women, but not for men, there is a tradeoff in qualities associated with top leadership. A woman can be perceived as competent or as likable, but no
25、t both. “Its an uphill struggle, to be judged both a good woman and a good leader,“ said Rosabeth Moss Kanter, a Harvard Business School professor who is an expert on women in leadership. Professor Kanter added that a pioneer in a mans word, like Hillary Rodham Clinton, also faces scrutiny on many m
26、ore dimensions than a manwitness the public debate about Mrs. Clintons allegedly “thick ankles,“or the headlines last year about cleavage. Clothing and appearance generally matter more for women than for men, research shows. Surprisingly, several studies have found that its actually a disadvantage f
27、or a woman to be physically attractive when applying for a managerial job. Beautiful applicants received lower ratings, apparently because they were subconsciously pegged as stereotypically female and therefore unsuited for a job as a boss. Female leaders face these impossible judgments all over the
28、 world. An M. I. T. economist, Esther Duflo, looked at India, which has required female leaders in one-third of village councils since the mid-1990s. Professor Duflo and her colleagues found that by objective standards, the women ran the villages better than men. For example, women constructed and m
29、aintained wells better, and took fewer bribes. Yet ordinary villagers themselves judged the women as having done a worse job, and so most women were not re-elected. That seemed to result from prejudice. Professor Duflo asked villagers to listen to a speech, identical except that it was given by a ma
30、n in some cases and by a woman in others. Villagers gave the speech much lower marks when it was given by a woman. Such prejudices can be overridden after voters actually see female leaders in action. While the first ones received dismal evaluations, the second round of female leaders in the village
31、s were rated the same as men. “Exposure reduces prejudice,“ Professor Duflo suggested. Women have often quipped that they have to be twice as good as men to get anywherebut that, fortunately, is not difficult. In fact, it appears that it may be difficult after all. Modern democracies may empower dee
32、p prejudices and thus constrain female leaders in ways that ancient monarchies did not. 17 What does the author mean by “Their historical record puts mens to shame“? （ A） Women have had a better record than men throughout history. （ B） Women have far exceeded men in leadership throughout history. （
33、C） Women have made men ashamed of their own historical record. （ D） Women have far exceeded men in recording experience throughout history. 18 The second paragraph （ A） contradicts the first paragraph. （ B） has no connection with the first paragraph. （ C） exemplifies the idea of the first paragraph.
34、 （ D） repeats the argument of the first paragraph. 19 Women are in a less advantageous position in politics in the democratic era in the following cases EXCEPT （ A） women are in a dilemma when coping with a narrow elite. （ B） the same words from women are rated lower than those from men. （ C） people
35、 tend to be more offended by womens self-promotion. （ D） a boss may judge a physically attractive woman unfit for a job. 20 It can be inferred from the passage that prejudice against female leaders （ A） is impossible to be eliminated among the general public. （ B） can be eliminated when objective st
36、andards are given. （ C） can be overcome when people have knowledge of their real accomplishments. （ D） is the only reason why female leaders are less impressive in democratic era. 21 The author take a/an _ attitude to female leaders attempt in modern democracies. （ A） confident （ B） pessimistic （ C）
37、 indifferent （ D） hopeful 一、 PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN) Directions: There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question. 22 The first known settlers of Britain were _ （ A） the Jutes. （ B） the Celts. （ C） the Saxons. （ D） the Iberians. 23 Which of
38、 the following is NOT written by William Shakespeare? （ A） The Twelfth Night. （ B） Romeo and Juliet. （ C） The Tragical History of Dr. Faustus. （ D） Othello. 24 _was meant to guarantee the blacks and others the right to vote. （ A） The Emancipation Proclamation in 1863 （ B） The Civil Rights Act of 196
39、4 （ C） The Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution in 1865 （ D） The Voting Rights Act of 1965 25 Morphology is the study of _. （ A） the internal structure of words and the rules that govern their formation （ B） the uses of different types of utterances in different contexts （ C） the differences bet
40、ween sounds used in human languages and sounds in nature （ D） the rules that pertain to all languages throughout the world 26 Tess is a character created by （ A） D.H. Lawrence. （ B） James Joyce. （ C） Thomas Hardy. （ D） Dylan Thomas. 27 The notion Signifier vs. Signified is_contribution. （ A） Chomsky
41、s （ B） Saussures （ C） Bloomfields （ D） Hallidays 28 Members of Parliament are elected at nationwide general elections held every _ years. （ A） four （ B） five （ C） three （ D） six 29 To override the Presidents veto, the US Congress must have a _ majority. （ A） 3/4 （ B） 2/3 （ C） 2011-1-2 （ D） 2011-3-5
42、30 Numerous British political leaders take pride in their being graduates of _. （ A） Cambridge University （ B） the University of London （ C） Oxford University （ D） the University of Westminster 31 The history of the English language is divided into three periods: Old English, Middle English and _. （
43、 A） contemporary English （ B） modern English （ C） later English （ D） young English 二、 PART IV PROOFREADING another thinks it is a diamond brooch; and others will essay other guesses. After all the guesses have failed, the wise man who really doesnt know what the person is seeking after, tells the co
44、mpany: “Ill tell you. He has lost some bream.“ And no one can deny that he is right. So we often forget our true self in pursuit of a living, like a bird forgetting its own danger in pursuit of a mantis, which again forgets its own danger in pursuit of another prey, as is expressed in a parable by C
45、huangtse. 三、 PART VI WRITING (45 MIN) Directions: Write a composition of about 400 words on the following topic. 35 1. Some people say that censorship should be cancelled completely, Do you agree or disagree with the statement? Give your specific reasons for your answer, Write an essay of about 400
46、words, commenting and expressions your views on the following topic: SHOULD CENSORSHIP BE ABOLISHED? In the first part of your writing you should present your thesis statement, and in the second part you should support the thesis statement with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring
47、what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriacy. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Write your essay on ANSWER SHEET FOUR. 专业英语八级模拟试卷 774答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions:
48、In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes
49、 to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 【听力原文】 Depression Good morning, today well talk about the topic of depression. As we know, depression is very common and affects people of every color, race, economic status, or age. Unfortunately, not everyone recognizes depression when it happens to someone they know. Peo
