1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 776及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 Creativity Environment I. What we do in creative thinking A. The Explorer our role for collecting materia
3、ls and information B. 【 B1】 our role for turning materials and information into 【 B1】 _ new ideas C. The Judge our role for evaluating the merits and feasibility of an idea D. The Warrior our role for carrying 【 B2】 into action 【 B2】 _ II. What kind of classroom environment we need A. Making resourc
4、es available 1. In the school or outside the school 2. Focusing more on the skill of 【 B3】 man on knowing or not knowing 【 B3】 _ something 3. Teacher is not only the provider of knowledge and information, but the facilitator of the process. B. Letting students work un-judged. 1. Suspending 【 B4】 com
5、pletely for the whole Artist period 【 B4】 _ 2. Giving learners enough un-judged time to get lots of ideas C. Not presetting 【 B5】 【 B5】 _ 1. Setting open-ended tasks and giving learners the freedom of choice 2. Helping learners to learn about how to 【 B6】 【 B6】 _ D. Rearranging the classroom and tim
6、e III. Teachers responsibilities A. Timing 1. Unlimited time, which is inner, personal, for lateral thinking and for reflection 2. Limited time, which is controlled from 【 B7】 for focused 【 B7】 _ thinking, researching and actions B. task assignment 1. Giving learners a chance to act in 【 B8】 【 B8】 _
7、 2. Or giving learners a role that we think they need to practise 3. As for a more complex activity, breaking it down into tasks matching the roles C. Celebration. Helping to reinforce the 【 B9】 atmospherre needed for 【 B9】 _ creative thinking IV. Summary A. Neil Postman: schools deprive students of
8、 【 B10】 in the world. 【 B10】 _ B. We should try to invalidate Postmans opinion. 1 【 B1】 2 【 B2】 3 【 B3】 4 【 B4】 5 【 B5】 6 【 B6】 7 【 B7】 8 【 B8】 9 【 B9】 10 【 B10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that fo
9、llow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 What is likely to be the major concern of the work they are talking about? （ A） Beauty. （ B） Love. （ C） Hero. （ D
10、） Fighting against the evil. 12 Which of the following statements is NOT true about Ivan? （ A） He is in Russia because he emigrated from America with his family. （ B） He is very good at sports and languages. （ C） He has magic power to fight against witches. （ D） He is a man with a strong sense of re
11、sponsibility. 13 What is this interview mainly about? （ A） The mans writing career and his personal life. （ B） The influence of the interviewees family life on his works. （ C） The mans latest work. （ D） The mans comments on a movie made by his company. 14 What is the difference between Ivans family
12、and other families depicted in modern works? （ A） Ivans family is sound and intact. （ B） Ivans family has big moral problems. （ C） Ivans family has no relation with the story. （ D） Ivans family is almost not mentioned in the story. 15 Which word can best describe the man as reflected in the intervie
13、w? （ A） Humorous. （ B） Creative. （ C） Conventional. （ D） Philosophical. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questi
14、ons. 16 What is the news item mainly talking about? （ A） Child mistreatment. （ B） Child trafficking. （ C） Child labour. （ D） Anti-slavery. 17 Which of the following is INCORRECT about the explosion? （ A） It happened at a bus depot. （ B） It killed more than 70 people and injured 26. （ C） It attacked
15、a bus for the Ugandan capital Kampala. （ D） The bag exploded during the security check. 18 Who might be responsible for the explosion? （ A） Kampala terrorists. （ B） Nairobi terrorists. （ C） Somali insurgents. （ D） Not mentioned. 19 Why did the protesters make such a protest? （ A） They thought the vo
16、te didnt cover enough voters. （ B） They believed there was widespread discrimination between parties. （ C） They believed there was vote-rigging in Sundays presidential election. （ D） They were avenging their presidential candidate Vladimir Neklyaev. 20 The opposition protesters are asking for （ A） a
17、 fair reelection. （ B） Alexander Lukashenkos fourth term. （ C） Vladimir Neklyaevs winning. （ D） Alexander Lukashenkos impeachment or removal. 20 Its disturbing to picture your kindergartner in a casino, but maybe you ought to try. American kids are born into a culture that loves its gambling, and th
18、e passion is only growing, as financial hardships sweeten the ever alluring prospect of a lucky break. The danger, of course, is that gambling can lead to compulsive gambling and compulsive gambling can be a life wrecker. Now, a new study in the Archives of Pediatrics buying lottery tickets; or plac
19、ing bets on professional sports. “The majority of kids were not engaging in any of these activities,“ says Pagani, “but the fact that any of them were was unexpected.“ What struck Pagani most was how predictable the identities of the gamblers were. When she referred back to the ratings from kinderga
20、rten, she found that every one-unit increase on the impulsivity scale correlated with a 25% jump in the likelihood a child would be gambling by sixth grade. “The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual already refers to gambling specifically as an impulse-control disorder,“ she says, citing the official t
21、ext that outlines diagnostic criteria for mental disorders. “And then there were our findings showing that.“ Knowing early on which children are headed for trouble can pay off in a number of ways. For one thing, it can help families wise up. Some of the parents of the kids in the study saw a little
22、gambling as a minor thing, and a number of them even bought lottery tickets for their kids as a reward for good behavior. That, clearly, sends the wrong message. “Scratch-and-win games are for adults,“ Pagani says flatly. Whats more, not only can kids behavior benefit when impulse issues are spotted
23、 early on, so can their brains. Preschool is a time when the prefrontal lobes, which are the center of executive functions and what Pagani and others call “effort control“ are just developing. The better the brain can be trained at this stage, the better it performs later in life. Pagan cites a 2007
24、 study journal Science that showed that simple attention training taught in kindergarten improved focus and concentration in later years. “You can introduce a cost-effect program and reap enormous benefits,“ she says. Pagani plans to check in with the kids in her survey again in another six years wh
25、en theyre finishing high school and preparing to enter the larger world with its larger temptations. Even if they were born too late to benefit from her findings, she thinks other kids can. “We need to think of impulse-control training as a long-term investment plan,“ she says, “one that can lead to
26、 less addiction, less gambling, a lower dropout rate and lower unemployment.“ Thats a far bigger payoff than youll ever get playing blackjack or craps. 21 The phrase “tucked. away“ in the second paragraph means （ A） gave. away. （ B） cleared. away. （ C） worked. away. （ D） put. away. 22 As to Paganis
27、study, it can be inferred that （ A） Paganis 12-year longitudinal study on 163 kindergartners has ended. （ B） the questionnaire is about students inattentiveness, scores, distractibility and hyperactivity. （ C） the impulsivity scale has positive correlation with the likelihood of childrens gambling.
28、（ D） it is expected in the study that some kids were involved in gambling. 23 Which may NOT be one of the benefits of impulse-control training? （ A） Encouraging more children to stay away from drugs and gambling. （ B） Improving kids performance in tests. （ C） Facilitating the development of prefront
29、al lobes. （ D） Reducing the number of dropout students. 24 All of the following are true EXCEPT that （ A） attention-boosting training can improve focus and concentration at once. （ B） financial pressure attracts more Americans to try their luck in gambling. （ C） kindergarten is the best place to kno
30、w about peoples impulsivity. （ D） parents often unconsciously encourage kids to gamble. 25 A suitable title for the passage would be （ A） Paganis Study on Children Gambling. （ B） The Need of Impulse-Control Training. （ C） Saving Our Children from Gambling. （ D） Spotting Future Gamblers in Kindergart
31、en. 25 It used to be said that English people take their pleasure sadly. No doubt this would still be true if they had any pleasure to take, but the price of alcohol and tobacco in my country has provided sufficient external causes for melancholy. I have sometimes thought that the habit of taking pl
32、easure sadly has crossed the Atlantic, and I have wondered what it is that makes so many English-speaking people somber in their outlook in spite of good health and a good income. In the course of my travels in America I have been impressed by a kind of fundamental malaise which seems to me extremel
33、y common and which poses difficult problems for the social reformer. Most social reformers have held the opinion that, if poverty were abolished and there were no more economic insecurity, the millennium would have arrived. But when I look at the face of people in opulent cars, whether in your count
34、ry or in mine, I do not see that look of radiant happiness which the aforesaid social reformers had led me to expect. In nine cases out of ten, I see instead a look of boredom and discontent and an almost frantic longing for something that might tickle the jaded palate. It is not only the very rich
35、who suffer in this way. Professional men very frequently feel hopelessly thwarted. There is something that they long to do or some public object that they long to work for. But if they were to indulge their wishes in these respects, they fear that they would lose their livelihood. Their wives are eq
36、ually unsatisfied, for their neighbor, Mrs. So-and-So, has gone ahead more quickly, has a better car, a larger apartment and grander friends. When I try to understand what it is that prevents so many American from being as happy as one might expect, it seems to me that there are two causes, of which
37、 one goes much deeper than the other. The one that goes least deep is the necessity for subservience in some large organization. If you are an energetic man with strong views as to the right way of doing the job with which you are concerned, you find yourself invariable under the orders of some big
38、man at the top who is elderly, weary and cynical. Whenever you have a bright idea, the boss puts a stopper on it. The more energetic you are and the more vision you have, the more you will suffer from the impossibility of doing any of the things that you feel ought to be done. When you go home and m
39、oan to your wife, she tells you that you are a silly fellow and that if you became the proper sort of yes-man, your income would soon be doubled. If you try divorce and remarriage it is very unlikely that there will be any change in this respect. And so you are condemned to gastric ulcers and premat
40、ure old age. It was not always so. When Dr. Johnson compiled his dictionary, he compiled it as he thought fit. When he felt like saying that oats is food for men in Scotland and horses in England, he said so. When he defined a fishing-rod as a stick with a fish at one end and a fool at the other, th
41、ere was nobody to point out to him that a remark of this sort would damage the sale of his great work among fishermen. But if, in the present day, you are (let us say) a contributor to an encyclopedia, there is an editorial policy which is solemn, wise, and prudent, which allows no room for jokes, n
42、o place for personal preferences and no tolerance for idiosyncrasies. Everything has to be flattened out except where the prejudices of the editor are concerned. To these you must conform, however, little you may share them. And so you have to be content with dollars instead of creative satisfaction
43、. And the dollars, alas, leave you sad. This brings me to major cause of unhappiness, which is that most people in America act not on impulse but on some principle, and that principles upon which people act are usually based upon a false psychology and a false ethic. There is a general theory as to
44、what makes for happiness and this theory is false. Life is concerned as a competitive struggle in which felicity consists in getting ahead of your neighbor. The joys which are not competitive are forgotten. 26 In the authors opinion, in England alcohol and tobacco may （ A） throw a heavy burden on th
45、e countrys welfare program. （ B） make people indulge in pleasures. （ C） pose touchy problems for social reformers. （ D） lead to despondency. 27 What opinions do most social reformers hold? （ A） If economic security were obtained, one would grow fidgety and berserk. （ B） An ideal society is the one i
46、n which all the people were no longer afraid of poverty. （ C） Poverty was the root of the peoples melancholy. （ D） Great happiness and human perfection could be arrived at if and only if people learned to be content. 28 What reason is implied by the author for the hopelessness of professional men? （
47、 A） They actually care more about their own life. （ B） Their wives are not satisfied with them. （ C） Their neighbors have better life. （ D） They want to serve the public, but they are not able to. 29 What is the main cause of unhappiness for many Americans in the authors view? （ A） The energy and th
48、e genius are always confined by someone. （ B） Lack of freedom and stimuli makes people unsatisfied with life. （ C） People are obsessed by the thought of getting ahead of their neighbors. （ D） People tend to act on dubious principles. 30 What is the authors tone in this article? （ A） Stony. （ B） Sarc
49、astic. （ C） Cheerful. （ D） Prudent. 30 The advantage of associating the birth of democracy with the Mayflower Compact is that it is easy to do so. The public believes a simple explanation that on November 11, 1620, when the compact was approved, a cornerstone of American democracy was laid. Certainly it makes it easier on schoolchildren. Making the start of democracy in 1620 relieves students of the responsibility of knowing what happened in the hundred some years before, fr
