1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 781及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 Considerations of Learning-centered Teaching I. Introduction A. goal of most courses: to enhance students
3、 understanding different understanding calls for different teaching methods B. most forms of understanding are expressed by new 【 B1】 . 【 B1】 _ example: “weight“ for “heaviness“ C. other kinds of learning besides understanding 1. the key learning activity: 【 B2】 【 B2】 _ 2. memorizing and recalling 【
4、 B3】 【 B3】 _ 3. acquiring attitudes and values, etc. different learning calls for different teaching methods. II. Ways of categorization and modeling students A. holists: students who 【 B4】 as a whole 【 B4】 _ B. serialists: students who begin 【 B5】 【 B5】 _ C. visualisers: students who depend on visu
5、al materials D. verbalisers: students who prefer to listen, read, discuss, etc. E. 【 B6】 : students who believe that to practice is to understand 【 B6】 _ III. Students approaches to learning A. 【 B7】 : intending to further understanding and question ideas 【 B7】 _ B. 【 B8】 : intending to memorize inf
6、ormation and obey 【 B8】 _ IV. Course evaluation through feedback A. feedback reveals about the learners and the 【 B9】 . 【 B9】 _ B. feedback can be quite 【 B10】 unless properly analyzed. 【 B10】 _ 1 【 B1】 2 【 B2】 3 【 B3】 4 【 B4】 5 【 B5】 6 【 B6】 7 【 B7】 8 【 B8】 9 【 B9】 10 【 B10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Dir
7、ections: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 1
8、1 The mans first job was in （ A） a newspaper office. （ B） the government. （ C） a construction firm. （ D） a private company. 12 The man does not plan to be self-employed mainly because （ A） his wife likes him to work for a firm. （ B） he prefers working for the government. （ C） self-employed work is v
9、ery demanding. （ D） self-employed work is sometimes insecure. 13 To study architecture in a university one must （ A） be interested in arts. （ B） study arts first. （ C） get good exam results. （ D） be good at drawing. 14 On the subject of drawing the man says （ A） artists generally draw very well. （ B
10、） artistsdrawing differs little from architects. （ C） accuracy is an essential requirement for architects. （ D） architects must be natural artists. 15 What can we infer about the mans attitude towards his customers? （ A） He never thinks about his customers. （ B） He emphasizes customer satisfaction.
11、（ C） He thinks safety of the residents is the most important. （ D） He thinks he should provide them with attractive and interesting buildings. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the e
12、nd of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 Which of the following statements is NOT true about the rocket? （ A） It crashed into the Pacific Ocean. （ B） It carried three Russian satellites, weighing 4.2 tons. （ C） Its task was to supplement the Glonass global posit
13、ioning system. （ D） The Glonass global positioning system is similar to the US-run GPS network. 17 Which of the following aspects is NOT mentioned in the secret tape recordings? （ A） Personal scandal. （ B） Donation. （ C） Politics. （ D） Business operation. 18 Which of the following statement is INCOR
14、RECT? （ A） Liliane Bettencourt is the focus of the scandal. （ B） There was once friction between the mother and the daughter. （ C） The photographer took advantage of Liliane Bettencourts mental fragility to get benefit. （ D） The scandal dominated the front pages in France for weeks. 19 The Russian a
15、irliner （ A） suffered a severe system failure at 13,000 feet. （ B） was for the Russian Republic of Dagestan. （ C） carried 150 people. （ D） managed to land down safely. 20 The airliner took off from_airport and made an emergency landing in_airport. （ A） Vnukovo, Domodedovo （ B） Vnukovo, Dagestan （ C）
16、 Domodedovo, Vnukovo （ D） Domodedovo, Dagestan 20 William Shakespeare described old age as “second childishness“ sans teeth, sans eyes, sans taste. In the case of taste he might, musically speaking, have been even more perceptive than he realized. A paper in Neurology by Giovanni Frisoni and his col
17、leagues at the National Centre for Research and Care of Alzheimers Disease in Brescia, Italy, shows that one form of senile dementia can affect musical desires in ways that suggest a regression, if not to infancy, then at least to a patients teens. Frontotemporal dementia is caused, as its name sugg
18、ests, by damage to the front and sides of the brain. These regions are concerned with speech, and with such “higher“ functions as abstract thinking and judgment. Frontotemporal damage therefore produces different symptoms from the loss of memory associated with Alzheimers disease, a more familiar de
19、mentia that affects the hippocampus and amygdala in the middle of the brain. Frontotemporal dementia is also rarer than Alzheimers. In the past five years the centre in Brescia has treated some 1,500 Alzheimers patients; it has seen only 46 with frontotemporal dementia. Two of those patients interes
20、ted Dr. Frisoni. One was a 68-year-old lawyer, the other a 73-year-old housewife. Both had undamaged memories, but displayed the sorts of defect associated with frontotemporal dementia a diagnosis that was confirmed by brain scanning. About two years after he was first diagnosed, the lawyer, once a
21、classical music lover who referred to pop music as “mere noise“, started listening to the Italian pop band “883“. As his command of language and his emotional attachments to friends and family deteriorated, he continued to listen to the band at full volume for many hours a day. The housewife had not
22、 even had the lawyers love of classical music, having never enjoyed music of any sort in the past. But about a year after her diagnosis she became very interested in the songs that her 11-year-old granddaughter was listening to. This kind of change in musical taste was not seen in any of the Alzheim
23、ers patients, and thus appears to be specific to those with frontotemporal dementia. And other studies have remarked on how frontotemporal dementia patients sometimes gain new talents. Five sufferers who developed artistic abilities are known. And in another lapse of musical taste, one woman with th
24、e disease suddenly started composing and singing country and western songs. Dr. Frisoni speculates that the illness is causing people to develop a new attitude towards novel experiences. Previous studies of novelty-seeking behavior suggest that it is managed by the brains right frontal lobe. A predo
25、minance of the right over the left frontal lobe, caused by damage to the latter, might thus lead to a quest for new experience. Alternatively, the damage may have affected some specific neural circuit that is needed to appreciate certain kinds of music. Whether that is a gain or a loss is a differen
26、t matter. As Dr. Frisoni puts it in his article, De Gustibus Non Disputandum Est. Or, in plainer words, there is no accounting for taste. 21 For Shakespeare, old age is the “second childishness“ for they have the same （ A） favorite. （ B） memory. （ C） experience. （ D） sense. 22 Which one is NOT a sym
27、ptom of Frototemporal dementia? （ A） The loss of memory. （ B） The loss of judgment. （ C） The loss of abstract thinking. （ D） The loss of speech. 23 From the two patients mentioned in the passage, it can be concluded that （ A） their command of language has deteriorated. （ B） their emotional attachmen
28、ts to friends and family are being lost. （ C） Frontotemporal dementia can bring new gifts. （ D） Frontotemporal dementia can cause patients to change their musical tastes. 24 From the passage, it can be inferred that （ A） the damage of the left frontal lobe may affect some specific neural circuit. （
29、B） the lawyer patient has the left frontal lobe damaged. （ C） the damage of the left frontal lobe decreased the appreciation of certain kinds of music. （ D） every patient has the same taste. 24 When you buy a gallon of organic milk, you expect to get tasty milk from happy cows who havent been subjec
30、ted to antibiotics, hormones or pesticides. But you might also unknowingly be getting genetically modified cattle feed. Albert Straus, owner of the Straus Family Creamery in the small northern California town of Marshall, decided to test the feed that he gives his 1,600 cows last year and was alarme
31、d to find that nearly 6% of the organic corn feed he received from suppliers was “contaminated“ by genetically modified (GM) organisms. Organic food is, by definition, supposed to be free of genetically modified material, and organic crops are required to be isolated from other crops. But as GM crop
32、s become more prevalent, there is little that an organic farmer can do to prevent a speck of GM pollen or a stray GM seed from being blown by the wind onto his land or farm equipment and, eventually, into his products. In 2006, GM crops accounted for 61% of all the corn planted in the U.S. and 89% o
33、f all the soybeans. “I feared that there werent enough safeguards,“ Straus says. So Straus and five other natural food producers, including industry leader Whole Foods, announced last week that they would seek a new certification for their products, “non-GMO verified“, in the hopes that it will beco
34、me a voluntary industry standard for GM-free goods. A non-profit group called the Non-GMO Project runs the program, and the testing is conducted by an outside lab called Genetic ID. In a few weeks, Straus expects to become the first food manufacturer in the country to carry the label in addition to
35、his “organic“ one. With Whole Foods in the ring, the rest of the industry will soon be under competitive pressure to follow. Earning the non-GMO label, at least initially, requires nearly as much effort as getting certified organic. To root out the genetically modified corn, Straus spent several mon
36、ths and about $10,000 testing, re-testing and tracing back his products: from his own dairys milk, to other dairies that supply some of his milk, to the brokers who sell them feed, to their mills that grind the corn, to farmers who grow it. To put the GM-free label on his ice cream, Straus will have
37、 to trace the chickens that provided the egg yolks, the grain used in the alcohol that carries his vanilla extract and the soy lecithin used as an emulsifier for his chocolate chips. So why bother? The organic and natural foods industry sees a huge opportunity in telling consumers even more about wh
38、ats in their food. Few consumers would think about the pesticides and hormones in conventional foods without the organic alternative to remind them. Similarly, genetically modified crops have become so prevalent in the U.S. that chances are youve been buying and eating them for years. You just would
39、nt know it from the label: the U.S. Department of Agriculture, unlike agencies in Europe and Japan, do not require GM foods to be labeled. While scientists have not identified any specific health risks from eating GM foods, anti-GM activists say there is not enough research yet into their long-term
40、risks or impact on biodiversity. By telling consumers loud and clear which products are GM-free, organic-food producers will give them one more reason to choose organic. Says Jeffrey Smith, a longtime activist against genetically modified food: “The people served by the organic industry are very sen
41、sitive to GMO.“ And, the industry hopes, willing to pay to avoid it. 25 Faced with the prevalence of GM crops, organic farmers （ A） have sought new certifications for their GM-free products. （ B） can do nothing to stop their crops from being polluted by GM factors. （ C） can get huge profits by selli
42、ng their GM-free goods. （ D） have done a lot to safeguard their GM-free goods. 26 Whats the real meaning of the phrase “in the ring“ (Line 6, Para. 3)? （ A） Getting the ring as a symbol of the non-GMO label. （ B） Fighting with other companies in a boxing ring. （ C） Calling other other companies to a
43、pply for the non-GMO certification. （ D） Competing with other companies for the non-GMO certification. 27 The author quotes the example of Straus in Para. 4 to show （ A） the whole process of applying for the non-GMO certification. （ B） the great efforts for getting the certified non-GMO certificatio
44、n. （ C） the efforts Straus making to earn the non-GMO label. （ D） the great efforts Straus making to get certified organic. 28 Which of the following is true according to the last paragraph? （ A） Organic producers bother their customers with the non-GMO label. （ B） Organic food may remind customers
45、of whats in conventional foods. （ C） It is well known that GM foods have negative effect on biodiversity. （ D） The U.S. Department of Agriculture encourages the prevalence of GM crops. 29 Which of the following best describes the development of the passage? （ A） Introducing the issuedescribing the a
46、ctual statusciting ways to deal with the issue offering reasons. （ B） Describing the actual statusintroducing the issueciting ways to deal with the issue offering reasons. （ C） Introducing the issueciting ways to deal with the issuedescribing the actual statusoffering reasons. （ D） Describing the ac
47、tual statusoffering reasonsintroducing the issueciting ways to deal with the issue. 29 Mark Twains instructions were quite clear: his autobiography was to remain unpublished until 100 years after his death. You couldnt imagine a writer doing something like that these days. Who could resist a pay che
48、que in the here and now for deferred immortality in the hereafter? More to the point, could any modern writer be certain their lives would still be interesting to anyone so long after their death? Hubris never came into Twains calculations. He was the American writer, the rags-to-riches embodiment o
49、f the American dream, and it never seems to have occurred to him that his popularity would fade. Nor has it. He is still the writer before whom everyone from Faulkner to Mailer has knelt. And even though his literary executors might not have followed his instructions to the letter various chunks of his autobiography have been published over the years this years publication of the first of three planned collections of Twains full autobiographical writings to coincide wi
