1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 799及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 Suggestopedia I . Introduction A. Based on how the brain works and how we learn most effectively B. Deriv
3、ed from suggestion and pedagogy C. Accelerating the learning speed to about【 B1】 _ of the【 B1】 _ conventional methods II. Purpose A. Enhance learning B. Be a system for liberation the preliminary【 B2】 _【 B2】 _ the previously suggested programs III. The key elements and four main stages A. The key el
4、ements: a rich sensory learning environment a positive expectation of success 【 B3】 _【 B3】 _ B. The four stages: presentation Active Concert passive review 【 B4】 _【 B4】 _ IV. Factors we should pay attention to A. Music: slow tempo, regular patterns voices and instruments should coordinate with orche
5、stra so that students can be【 B5】 _【 B5】 _ B. Teachers: cover lots of【 B6】 _in class【 B6】 _ structure the materials in golden proportion be highly【 B7】 _, reliable and credible【 B7】 _ establish good relations with students act as authority and security C.【 B8】 _:【 B8】 _ include acting, singing songs
6、, playing games, telling stories, carrying on【 B9】 _and psycho-dramas【 B9】 _ the teacher structures them carefully V. Conclusions Certain elements can be used more comprehensively: A. Music used both in the background and during activities B. Conditions in which learners are【 B10】 _and receptive【 B1
7、0】 _ 1 【 B1】 2 【 B2】 3 【 B3】 4 【 B4】 5 【 B5】 6 【 B6】 7 【 B7】 8 【 B8】 9 【 B9】 10 【 B10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the intervi
8、ew you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 The reason why people put on weight at work is that_. （ A） their living standards are improved （ B） they lack exercises （ C） companies provide too many nutritious foods （ D） their salary i
9、s increased 12 Which of the following exercises after work is recommended by the man? （ A） Riding a bicycle. （ B） Squat movement. （ C） Running. （ D） Climbing stairs. 13 Which of the following features of foods or drinks at lunchtime is NOT mentioned in the interview? （ A） Less energy. （ B） Not greas
10、y. （ C） Good nutrition. （ D） Non-caloric. 14 Why does the interviewee think that brown bagging is a great way? （ A） Because it can help to control calories. （ B） Because it can reduce expense. （ C） Because it is more hygienic. （ D） Because it can save more time. 15 The interviewees opinion of exerci
11、sing at desk shows that it is_. （ A） a good way of losing weight （ B） a solution that doesnt work （ C） an efficient way of improving health （ D） a bad way of wasting time SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the que
12、stions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a consequence of the drought? （ A） Lower crop production. （ B） Loss of livestock. （ C） Higher food price. （ D） More fuel costs. 17 Why does Standard a
13、nd Poors lower Frances credit rating? （ A） Because France doesnt carry out any effective reforms. （ B） Because the unemployment rate in France is too high. （ C） Because France failed to boost its gloomy economy. （ D） Because the government has borrowed too much money. 18 In which way will France suf
14、fer from the lowering of credit rating? （ A） The GDP will not meet the goal. （ B） It will be harder to implement more reforms. （ C） Government will pay more interest on debt. （ D） Investors will take back their investment. 19 With reference to the news, the African aviation market will be boosted by
15、 （ A） private-aircraft manufacturers. （ B） large commercial airlines. （ C） wealthy entrepreneurs. （ D） numerous private airlines. 20 According to the founder of AfBAA. Africa is NOT a continent of （ A） abundant resources. （ B） flourishing economy. （ C） great business potential. （ D） well-developed a
16、viation industry. 20 Lately DreamWorks SKG has been a wandering tribe. The would-be studio, which made films such as American Beauty and War of the Worlds, sold itself to Paramount in 2005. When that arrangement fell apart it found new partners in Reliance Big Entertainment, a Hollywood outfit, and
17、Universal Studios. Then it fell out with Universal. So it was rather a surprise when, on February 9th,DreamWorks abruptly found itself in the promised land. Disney, the worlds foremost purveyor of wholesome entertainment, lent it money and agreed to market and distribute its films. It is a good illu
18、stration of how the economic downturn is affecting Hollywood. Until recently executives were boasting that the film business was resistant, perhaps even immune, to recession. The number of cinema tickets sold actually increased during three out of the past four recessions. Box-office receipts so far
19、 this year are higher than last year. Admittedly, the share prices of media companies have tumbled but that is because of the collapse in television and print advertising, and has little to do with Tinseltown. Yet the downturn has profoundly affected the art of deal-making. Although the breakdown of
20、 negotiations between DreamWorks and Universal has been followed by a storm of recriminations, the heart of the problem was that DreamWorks was finding it unexpectedly hard to raise debt. It is hardly alone in that. Two years ago investors were lubricating all sorts of strange alliances and start-up
21、s Tom Cruise wants to resurrect United Artists? Why not? But now the outside money has all but disappeared. The big studios, the primacy of which was never exactly threatened during the boom years, are now almost the only game in town. The alliance with DreamWorks is something of an about-turn for D
22、isney. Under Bob Iger, who took over as chief executive in 2005, Disney has culled films that are a less than perfect fit for its family-friendly brand and has concentrated on turning those that are into amusement-park rides, lunch boxes and other spin-offs. This weeks deal will add as many as six f
23、ilms a year to Disneys pipeline, swelling it by about half. The surge will not happen at once, however: DreamWorks will have to raise more money before it is capable of producing that many. These days DreamWorks is largely Steven Spielbergs outfit. Jeffrey Katzenberg(the “K“ in SKG)runs DreamWorks A
24、nimation, a separate, publicly owned company. David Geffen(the “G“)has retired from the studio. The remaining founder spoke warmly of Disney this week, calling it the “birthplace of imagination“. He is said to be looking forward to making more family films. Perhaps ,but he still looks a little out o
25、f place in the magic kingdom. Mr. Spielberg became Americas best-known, and perhaps best, film director by fusing blockbuster spectacle with an unflinching take on family life. The households even in his PG-rated films are almost uniformly dysfunctional. Think of Richard Dreyfuss flinging plants thr
26、ough the window in Close Encounters of the Third Kind, Frances OConnor abandoning her adopted robot son by the roadside in A. I. or the defeated, self-deluding Christopher Walken in Catch Me If You Can. It is hard to imagine any of them donning Mickey Mouse ears. 21 The author describes DreamWorks a
27、s a wandering tribe because （ A） it is an unsettled tribe that is always on the move. （ B） it is abandoned by such big companies as Universal. （ C） it changes partners frequently these years. （ D） it finally begins its partnership with Disney. 22 The opening paragraph is trying to convey that （ A） i
28、t is always easy for DreamWorks to find desirable partners. （ B） DreamWorks is broke and needs money from Disney. （ C） Disney choose DreamWorks because the latter makes films. （ D） the partnership between DreamWorks and Disney is unexpected. 23 Which of the following statements is CORRECT according
29、to the second and third paragraphs? （ A） Film industry was affected by economic recession just as executives were claiming. （ B） The collapse in print advertising is unrelated to the share prices of media companies. （ C） Two years ago DreamWorks was once threatened by the strange alliances and start
30、-ups. （ D） The problem faced by DreamWorks during the economic downtown is more about money seeking than ticket selling. 24 By saying “The alliance with DreamWorks is something of an about-turn for Disney.“ in Paragraph Four, the author means that Disney will face （ A） a great profit. （ B） a big cha
31、nge. （ C） a promising future. （ D） an adversity. 25 It can be inferred from the last two paragraphs that （ A） Steven Spielbergs family movies are family-friendly and fit Disney well. （ B） Steven Spielberg worries about the coming cooperation with Disney. （ C） Steven Spielberg intends to leave DreamW
32、orks for Disney. （ D） Steven Spielberg and Disney may need adjustment to cooperate well. 25 Whenever I speak to educators and interested laypeople about neuroplasticity the ability of the adult brain to change in function and structure one of the questions I often get is whether neuroplasticity can
33、be tapped to treat truly devastating brain diseases such as Alzheimers or schizophrenia. After all, neuroplasticity has been used to treat stroke, depression, dyslexia, and other diseases or injuries of the brain. The jury is still out on Alzheimers(though since this disease involves massive neurona
34、l death, my bet is that the answer will, sadly, be no).But to my surprise, the answer to schizophrenia might just be yes. In schizophrenia, which affects about 1.1 percent of American adults, patients suffer from visual and auditory hallucinations, delusions,an absence of emotion, and cognitive defi
35、cits. All told, that seemed to be just too much for an approach based on neuroplasticity, which involves retraining the brain, to handle. But it turns out that at least some of the symptoms of schizophrenia can be lifted with brain training. In a study published in the July issue of the American Jou
36、rnal of Psychiatry, scientists led by Sophia Vinogradov of the University of California, San Francisco, describe what they call “neuroplasticity-based auditory training“ to improve memory in people with schizophrenia. Basically, what they did was assign 55 patients with schizophrenia to receive a co
37、gnitive-training program developed by Posit Science or to play a computer game that required just as much time and concentration. The Posit program, similar to one the company developed to improve memory in the elderly, emphasizes basic auditory and speech perception; participants used it one hour a
38、 day, five days a week, for 10 weeks. The better they got, the harder the program got: it automatically adjusts the level of difficulty to keep the patients performance at a constant level so they stay engaged. Fisher and her colleagues found that the brain-trained group showed noticeably bigger imp
39、rovements in cognition and verbal working memory than the game-playing control group. The emphasis on auditory training reflects the belief of UCSFs Michael Merzenich, a pioneer in neuroplasticity and cofounder of Posit, that this is the portal to improved memory and, possibly, cognition. The idea i
40、s that if you hear more clearly, then your brain makes fewer errors in encoding the information contained in speech. Its hard to argue with even preliminary success, odd as it seems that merely hearing better could bring about such improvements in memory(and not just memory for heard words; it impro
41、ves memory for seen words as well). “This emphasis on perceptual processes is a critical insight of the Posit Science approach and a clear distinction from other cognitive-training programs,“says Green.“The significance of the new study,“ he says, is that “it addresses cognitive training at a more b
42、asic neurobiological level than any previous strategy. We can hope that the dramatic effects they have reported will prove to be replicable and durable and that they will extend to meaningful effects for patients lives.“ Hope is all well and good. But schizophrenia is notable not only for its severi
43、ty, but for the yawning gap between whats known to be effective and what treatments patients actually receive. Green asks rhetorically, “if cognitive training for schizophrenia worked, would we not all know it by now?“ In fact, researchers do know it, and some clinicians know it, but by one estimate
44、 fewer than 15 percent of schizophrenics get it(or other treatments, rehabilitation and support that would let them live independently). In fact, in a paper earlier this year in Schizophrenia Bulletin, scientists led by Robert S. Kern of the Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California,
45、 Los Angeles, were quite upbeat in their assessment of treatments for schizophrenia none of them the problematic antipsychotic medications that in too many cases are all that people with schizophrenia receive. Take cognitive-behavior therapy. Its basic premise is that people can be taught to think a
46、bout their thoughts differently. It is effective in depression where people are taught to think about their tendency to catastrophize “I had a bad date; no one will ever love me because I am worthless and unlovable“. But in something as serious as schizophrenia? Yes, Kern and his colleagues find. It
47、 turns out that, with cognitive-behavior therapy, patients who hear voices and feel persecuted can learn to see these symptoms as almost normal in that many people experience them when, say, they are sleep deprived, under extreme stress, drunk or stoned or as “just“ the manifestations of a neurobiol
48、ogical glitch and not real. The approach is surprisingly effective, a 2008 review found. Similarly, exercises to improve attention, learning and memory, reasoning and problem solving which 90 percent of people with schizophrenia have problems with also help, as this study found, and make a meaningfu
49、l difference in whether the person can live independently and hold a job. The tragedy is that due to an overburdened medical system, inadequate insurance and an inability to pay, as well as simply ignorance about how to find help few patients with schizophrenia receive what works. 26 By saying “The jury is still our “(Paragraph One), the author means （ A） it is up to the jury to decide whether neuropla
