1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 7及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. W
2、hen the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 1 The Double Nature of Literary Translation . Introduction New tendency: combination of two theories . Transl
3、ation is a(n) 【 1】 _ A. Reproduce message through transformation of 【 2】 _ B. Focus of study Description of process of translation Structures and forms of language C. Aim To reveal the 【 3】 _ inherent in translating D. Procedures for a translator Comprehend the 【 4】 _ of the whole work Reproduce the
4、 original by using corresponding 【 5】 _ and proper 【 6】 _ of translation . Translation is a(n）【 7】 _ A. Translation is the 【 8】 _ of a literary work B. Three qualifications of a translator: Competence in two languages Thorough 【 9】 _ of the original Knowledge of the basic 【 10】 _ and methods of tran
5、slation 1 【 1】 2 【 2】 3 【 3】 4 【 4】 5 【 5】 6 【 6】 7 【 7】 8 【 8】 9 【 9】 10 【 10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you
6、will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 According to Samantha Heller, people tend to eat milk chocolate because （ A） it is less bitter than dark chocolate. （ B） it is more healthy than dark chocolate. （ C） it has special flavor with ma
7、ny nutrients. （ D） it is less expensive than dark chocolate. 12 Samantha Heller suggests that to get benefits from chocolate, you may （ A） take nutrients out of chocolate. （ B） make cocoa powder on your own. （ C） make hot chocolate by yourself. （ D） consult an expert on chocolate. 13 According to th
8、e interview, chemicals contained in green tea actually help （ A） refresh ones memory. （ B） combat some diseases. （ C） revive ones spirits. （ D） improve ones physique. 14 Ginger can be used to deal with all of the following diseases or symptoms EXCEPT （ A） arthritis. （ B） morning sickness. （ C） nause
9、a. （ D） flu. 15 According to Samantha Heller, people should eat a product from other animals （ A） every two days. （ B） every other day. （ C） together with fruits, （ D） in small amounts. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then
10、 answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 Who have taken part in discussions with the governor of Brazil Central Bank? （ A） Some representatives of the United States. （ B） The leaders of the countries which lent Brazil m
11、oney. （ C） Representatives of the worlds important commercial banks. （ D） Representatives of those countries which have to pay huge foreign debts. 17 The price drop of crude oil is beneficial in that it （ A） helps to revitalize the world economy. （ B） promotes oil export to other nations. （ C） helps
12、 to push up the regional economy. （ D） provides an opportunity to the oil exporters. 18 From the news, we can infer that those economic managers in Washington _the recent state of crude markets. （ A） are pessimistic about （ B） are indifferent to （ C） have underestimated （ D） are in favor of 19 How m
13、any students were killed in the gunshot? （ A） At least 8. （ B） More that 30. （ C） At least 120. （ D） Not mentioned. 20 Which of the following was NOT true according to the news? （ A） Israel is optimistic about U.S. -sponsored peace talks. （ B） The UN Security Council did not agree on a presidential
14、statement condemning the Jerusalem attack. （ C） Spokesman of Israeli Foreign Ministry said Israel would not tolerate terrorism. （ D） Witness said the gunman committed suicide after the killing. 21 In 17th-century New England, almost everyone believed in witches. Struggling to survive in a vast and s
15、ometimes unforgiving land, Americas earliest European settlers understood themselves to be surrounded by an inscrutable universe filled with invisible spirits, both benevolent and evil, that affected their lives. They often attributed a sudden illness, a household disaster or a financial setback to
16、a witchs curse. The belief in witchcraft was, at bottom, an attempt to make sense of the unknown. While witchcraft was often feared, it was punished only infrequently. In the first 70 years of the New England settlement, about 100 people were formally charged with being witches; fewer than two dozen
17、 were convicted and fewer still were executed. Then came 1692. In January of that year, two young girls living in the household of the Reverend Samuel Parris of Salem Village began experiencing strange fits. The doctor identified witchcraft as the cause. After weeks of questioning, the girls named T
18、ituba, Parriss female Indian slave, and two local women as the witches who were tormenting them. Judging by previous incidents, one would have expected the episode to end there. But it didnt. Other young Salem women began to suffer fits as well. Before the crisis ended, 19 people formally accused ot
19、hers of afflicting them, 54 residents of Essex County confessed to being witches and nearly 150 people were charged with consorting with the devil. What led to this? Traditionally, historians have argued that the witchcraft crisis resulted from factionalism in Salem Village, deliberate faking, or po
20、ssibly the ingestion of hallucinogens by the afflicted. I believe another force was at work. The events in Salem were precipitated by a conflict with the Indians on the northeastern frontier, the most significant surge of violence in the region in nearly 40 years. In two little-known wars, fought la
21、rgely in Maine from 1675 to 1678 and from 1688 to 1699, English settlers suffered devastating losses at the hands of Wabanaki Indians and their French allies. The key afflicted accusers in the Salem crisis were frontier refugees whose families had been wiped out in the wars. These tormented young wo
22、men said they saw the devil in the shape of an Indian. In testimony, they accused the witchesreputed ringleaderthe Reverend George Burroughs, formerly pastor of Salem Villageof bewitching the soldiers dispatched to fight the Wabanakis. While Tituba, one of the first people accused of witchcraft, has
23、 traditionally been portrayed as a black or mulatto woman from Barbados, all the evidence points to her being an American Indian. To the Puritan settlers, who believed themselves to be Gods chosen people, witchcraft explained why they were losing the war so badly. Their Indian enemies had the devil
24、on their side. In late summer, some prominent New Englanders began to criticize the witch prosecutions. In response to the dissent, Governor Sir William Phips of Massachusetts dissolved in October the special court he had established to handle the trials. But before he stopped the legal process, 14
25、women and 5 men had been hanged. Another man was crushed to death by stones for refusing to enter a plea. The war with the Indians continued for six more years, though sporadically. Slowly, northern New Englanders began to feel more secure. And they soon regretted the events of 1692. Within five yea
26、rs, one judge and 12 jurors formally apologized as the colony declared a day of fasting and prayer to atone for the injustices that had been committed. In 1711, the state compensated the families of the victims. And last year, more than three centuries after the settlers reacted to an external threa
27、t by lashing out irrationally, the convicted were cleared by name in a Massachusetts statute. Its a story worth rememberingand not just on Halloween. 21 Which of the following does NOT describe peoples understanding of universe and witchcraft? （ A） Existent. （ B） Mysterious. （ C） Scared. （ D） Fiendi
28、sh. 22 The author adds that the witchcraft crisis of 1692 also arose from （ A） the clash between European settlers and the Indians. （ B） disagreements among European settlers in Salem. （ C） the delusion of the sick in Salem. （ D） the pretension of the sick in Salem. 23 “.one would have expected the
29、episode to end there“ in the fourth paragraph means that （ A） things might not go from bad to worse. （ B） the doctor tried to cure fits. （ C） more people suffered from fits. （ D） the situation was further aggravated. 24 It can be inferred from the passage that （ A） Puritan settlers witnessed the wit
30、chcraft of American Indians. （ B） frontier refugees couldnt admit their own defeat. （ C） the early European settlers lacked the sense of security. （ D） hundreds of American Indians died of the witchcraft accusation. 25 A suitable title for the passage would be （ A） The Significance of Salems Witch T
31、rials. （ B） European Settlers and American Indians. （ C） The Reflection on the Details of Salems Witch Trials. （ D） Campaigning on the Indian Frontier. 26 Feld, the shoemaker, was annoyed that his helper, Sobel, was so insensitive to his reverie that he wouldnt for a minute cease his fanatic poundin
32、g at the other bench. He gave him a look, but Sobels bald head was bent over the last as he worked, and he didnt notice. The shoemaker shrugged and continued to peer through the partly frosted window at, the near-sighted haze of falling February snow. Neither the shifting white blur outside, nor the
33、 sudden deep remembrance of the snowy Polish village where he had wasted his youth could turn his thoughts from Max, the college boy (a constant visitor in the mind since early that morning when Feld saw him trudging through the snowdrifts on his way to school), whom he so much respected because of
34、the sacrifices he had made throughout the years in winter or direst heatto further his education. An old wish returned to haunt the shoemaker: that he had had a son instead of a daughter, but this blew away in the snow for Feld, if anything, was a practical man. Yet he could not help but contrast th
35、e diligence of the boy, who was a peddlers son, with Miriams unconcern for an education. True, she was always with a book in her hand, yet when the opportunity arose for a college education, she had said no, she would rather find a job. He had begged her to go, pointing out how many fathers could no
36、t afford to send their children to college, but she said she wanted to be independent. As for education, what was it, she asked, but books, which Sobel, who diligently read the classics, would as usual advise her on. Her answer greatly grieved her father. A figure emerged from the snow, and the door
37、 opened. At the counter the man withdrew from a wet paper bag a pair of battered shoes for repair. Who he was the shoemaker for a moment had no idea, then his heart trembled as he realized, before he had thoroughly discerned the face, that Max himself was standing there, embarrassedly explaining wha
38、t he wanted done to his old shoes. Though Feld listened eagerly, he couldnt hear a word, for the opportunity that had burst upon him was deafening. He couldnt exactly recall when the thought had occurred to him, because it was clear he had more than once considered suggesting to the boy that he go o
39、ut with Miriam. But he had not dared speak, for if Max said no, how would he face him again? Or suppose Miriam, who harped so often on independence, blew up in anger and shouted at him for his meddling? Still, the chance was too good to let by: all it meant was an introduction. They might long ago h
40、ave become friends had they happened to meet somewhere, therefore was it not his dutyan obligationto bring them together, nothing more, a harmless connivance to replace an accidental encounter in the subway, lets say, or a mutual friends introduction in the street? Just let him once see and talk to
41、her, and he would for sure be interested. As for Miriam, what possible harm for a working girl in an office, who met only loudmouthed salesmen and illiterate shipping clerks, to make the acquaintance of a fine scholarly boy? Maybe he would awaken in her a desire to go to college; if notthe shoemaker
42、s mind at last came to grips with the truthlet her marry an educated man and live a better life. 26 From the first paragraph, we get the impression that （ A） Feld may not have a happy childhood. （ B） Feld cherished his childhood memories. （ C） Feld thought highly of man of perseverance. （ D） Feld li
43、ved an affluent but empty life. 27 It can be inferred from the passage that Felds daughter was all EXCEPT （ A） forceful. （ B） absent-minded. （ C） realistic. （ D） determined. 28 When Feld saw Max, he was （ A） astonished. （ B） embarrassed. （ C） perplexed. （ D） ecstatic. 29 The phrase “harped on“ in “w
44、ho harped so often on independence“ in the fourth paragraph means （ A） thought about. （ B） talked about. （ C） worried about. （ D） troubled about. 30 Which is the main idea of the passage? （ A） Feld is anxious about repairing Maxs worn shoes. （ B） Feld is an impossible dreamer with fanciful thoughts.
45、 （ C） Feld wants his daughter to improve her chances in life. （ D） Feld appreciates the qualities of diligence and persistence. 31 American economists once spoofed university education as the only industry in which those who consume its product do not purchase it; those who produce it do not sell it
46、, and those who finance it do not control it. That apt description, made in the 1970s, has been undermined since then by the emergence of the first for-profit universities in the United States. Controlled by entrepreneurs, these schools which number about 700 and counting sell a practical education
47、to career-minded students and make a good buck doing it. They are now expanding abroad, creating the first multinational corporations in a sector long suspicious of balance sheets. The companies are lured by a booming market in which capitalist competition is still scarce. The number of university s
48、tudents is expected to double in the next 25 years to 170 million worldwide. Demand greatly exceeds supply, because the 1990s saw massive global investment in primary and secondary schools, but not in universities. The number of children enrolled in primary or secondary schools rose by 18 percent ar
49、ound the worldmore than twice the rate of increase in any previous decade. Now these kids are often graduating from high school to find no openings in national universities, which nevertheless dont welcome for-profit competition. The Brazilian university teachers union warned that foreign corporations would turn higher education into “a diploma industry“. Critics raised the specter of declining quality and a loss of Brazils “sovereign control“ over education. For-profit uni
