1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 813及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 Considerations of Learning-centered Teaching I. Introduction A. goal of most courses: to enhance students
3、 understanding different understanding calls for different teaching methods B. most forms of understanding are expressed by new 【 B1】 _ . 【 B1】 _ example: “weight“ for “heaviness“ C. other kinds of learning besides understanding 1. the key learning activity: 【 B2】 _ 【 B2】 _ 2. memorizing and recalli
4、ng 【 B3】 _ 【 B3】 _ 3. acquiring attitudes and values, etc. different learning calls for different teaching methods. II. Ways of categorization and modeling students A. holists: students who 【 B4】 _ as a whole 【 B4】 _ B. serialists: students who begin 【 B5】 _ 【 B5】 _ C. visualisers: students who depe
5、nd on visual materials D. verbalisers: students who prefer to listen, read, discuss, etc. E. 【 B6】 _ : students who believe that to practice is to understand 【 B6】 _ III. Students approaches to learning A. 【 B7】 _ : intending to further understanding and question ideas 【 B7】 _ B. 【 B8】 _ : intending
6、 to memorize information and obey 【 B8】 _ IV. Course evaluation through feedback A. feedback reveals about the learners and the 【 B9】 _ . 【 B9】 _ B. feedback can be quite 【 B10】 _ unless properly analyzed. 【 B10】 _ 1 【 B1】 2 【 B2】 3 【 B3】 4 【 B4】 5 【 B5】 6 【 B6】 7 【 B7】 8 【 B8】 9 【 B9】 10 【 B10】 SEC
7、TION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen
8、 to the interview. 11 What is likely to be the major concern of the work they are talking about? （ A） Beauty. （ B） Love. （ C） Hero. （ D） Fighting against the evil. 12 Which of the following statements is NOT true about Ivan? （ A） He is in Russia because he emigrated from America with his family. （ B
9、） He is very good at sports and languages. （ C） He has magic power to fight against witches. （ D） He is a man with a strong sense of responsibility. 13 What is this interview mainly about? （ A） The mans writing career and his personal life. （ B） The influence of the interviewees family life on his w
10、orks. （ C） The mans latest work. （ D） The mans comments on a movie made by his company. 14 What is the difference between Ivans family and other families depicted in modern works? （ A） Ivans family is sound and intact. （ B） Ivans family has big moral problems. （ C） Ivans family has no relation with
11、the story. （ D） Ivans family is almost not mentioned in the story. 15 Which word can best describe the man as reflected in the interview? （ A） Humorous. （ B） Creative. （ C） Conventional. （ D） Philosophical. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. List
12、en carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 What is the main idea of the news item? （ A） Iran is cutting its national food and fuel subsidies. （ B） Iran is going to cancel its food and fuel subsidies.
13、（ C） There will be unrest in Iran possibly. （ D） In Iran, ordinary people are paying more for food and energy. 17 According to the news, which of the following didnt happen on Tuesday? （ A） A third student died. （ B） The suspect was apprehended. （ C） The suspect appeared in court. （ D） Schools were
14、closed. 18 Which of the following is INCORRECT about the Ohio School Shooting? （ A） Five students were shot by the attacker. （ B） The attacker fired inside the school cafeteria. （ C） The suspect attacked the students out of jealousy. （ D） The suspect was from a nearby school for at-risk youth. 19 Th
15、e trustee signed the settlement in order to （ A） invest in Bernard Madoff. （ B） recover money lost in Bernard Madoff. （ C） benefit from the Ponzi scheme. （ D） withdraw money invested in Bernard Madoff. 20 Who might benefit most from the fraud? （ A） The trustee. （ B） The man signed the settlement wit
16、h the trustee. （ C） Jeffry Picower. （ D） Jeffry Picowers widow. 20 By the year 2100, global temperatures are anticipated to rise by between 0.8 and 3.5 degree Celsius. That may not seem like much, but, such an increase in temperature would cause a rise in sea levels large enough to put the lives of
17、up to 100 million people at risk. (This number will rise as the global population increases.) Widespread flooding, as well as droughts in other areas, could cause migrations as areas become uninhabitable. Tropical diseases would almost certainly spread northwards, causing “wide-ranging and mostly ad
18、verse impacts on human health, with significant loss of life“. For the first time in the scientific community, there is total agreement that the activity of humans is at least partly responsible for the problem especially the emission of greenhouse gasses like Carbon dioxide, which is released by th
19、e burning of wood, coal and petroleum products. Reducing harmful emissions is just one area in which the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel is decidedly optimistic. For one thing, in the short term it might not prove that difficult. Efficiency improvements alone could cut energy needs by as much
20、 as 30 percent at virtually no extra cost and, in developed countries, emission reduction of up to 60 percent “are technically feasible“. In the longer term, harmful emissions will be reduced as the world changes over to cheaper, less environmentally damaging energy resources. So, if it is economica
21、lly and technically feasible to reduce harmful emissions, why is almost nothing being done? There are two main reasons. The first stems from the uncertainty about how hot the planet is going to get. The current estimate is extremely broad between 0.8 and 3.5 degree Celsius. If the former prediction
22、is accurate, it may be that we can adapt to it without difficulty. If, on the other hand, the latter is closer to reality, a complete rethink of the worlds energy supplies is already long overdue. This leads directly to the second problem the time scale involved. It is hard to get people to act when
23、 predictions may take between 50 and 100 years to materialize. For politicians, who face elections every half decade or so, preventative action against a future threat the magnitude of which is still very uncertain carries heavy political risks. Even if politicians in the developed world were to be
24、forced into action, what of the developing world, which is economically dependent on fossil fuels? Should it reduce emission, and suffer the consequence, because of mistakes made by the developed world? One suggestion is that developing countries be given allowances above the current emission standa
25、rd. This would enable them to meet their industrialized needs and ultimately help them to finance environmentally sound technologies. This would seem the only realistic way of getting agreement from developing countries a vital requirement because, if preventive action is going to work, “you really
26、have to have everyone on board“. 21 The worldwide temperature rise will NOT cause （ A） long period of dry weather. （ B） human health deterioration. （ C） damage to resources. （ D） loss of life. 22 In the longer span of the future, what is the most important in reducing harmful emissions? （ A） Efficie
27、ncy improvement. （ B） New energy resources. （ C） New technologies. （ D） Burning less fossil fuel. 23 What will be the result of harmful emission reductions for the developing countries? （ A） Developing countries will be able to shun the mistakes made by developed countries in harmful emission. （ B）
28、Economy of developing countries will be affected. （ C） Developing countries will meet the present emission standard for their industrialized needs. （ D） Developing countries will get money that can help them deduce waste emission. 24 What is peoples attitude towards worldwide temperature rise? （ A）
29、They are uncertain and therefore take a wait-and-see attitude. （ B） They are very anxious and have begun to reduce harmful emissions. （ C） They do not think the earth will be too hot to live on, hence adopting a passive attitude. （ D） They are very optimistic and therefore have not done anything abo
30、ut it. 25 Which of the following best describes the authors development of argument? （ A） Putting forward a problemsuggesting solutionsmaking a conclusion. （ B） Introductionputting forward a problemanalyzing itmaking a conclusion. （ C） Introductionputting forward a problemsuggesting solutionsmaking
31、a conclusion. （ D） Putting forward a problemanalyzing itsuggesting solutions. 25 During the next few weeks publishers will release a crush of books, pile them onto delivery lorries and fight to get them on the display tables at the front of bookshops in the run-up to Christmas. It is an impressive d
32、isplay of competitive commercial activity. It is also increasingly pointless. More quickly than almost anyone predicted, e-books are emerging as a serious alternative to the paper kind. Amazon, comfortably the biggest e-book retailer, has lowered the price of its Kindle e-readers to the point where
33、people do not fear to take them to the beach. In America, the most advanced market, about one-fifth of the largest publishers sales are of e-books. Newly released blockbusters may sell as many digital copies as paper ones. The proportion is growing quickly, especially when many bookshops are closing
34、. For readers, this is splendid. Just as Amazon collapsed distance by bringing a huge range of books to out-of-the-way places, it is now collapsing time, by enabling readers to download books instantly. Moreover, anybody can now publish a book, through Amazon and a number of other services. Huge cho
35、ice and low prices are helping books hold their own on digital devices, even against “Angry Birds“. For publishers, though, it is a dangerous time. Book publishing resembles the newspaper business in the late 1990s, or music in the early 2000s. Although revenues are fairly stable, and the traditiona
36、l route is still the only way to launch a blockbuster, the climate is changing. Some of the publishers functions packaging books and promoting them to shops are becoming obsolete. Algorithms and online recommendations threaten to replace them as arbiters of quality. The tide of self-published books
37、threatens to swamp their products. As bookshops close, they lose a crucial showcase. And they face, as the record companies did, a near-monopoly controlling digital distribution: Amazons grip over the e-book market is much like Apples control of music downloads. Yet there are still two important job
38、s for publishers. They act as the venture capitalists of the words business, advancing money to authors of worthwhile books that might not be written otherwise. And they are editors, picking good books and improving them. So it would be good, not just for their shareholders but also for intellectual
39、 life, if they survived. They are doing some things right. Having watched the record companies impotence after Apple wrested control of music-pricing from them, the publishers have managed to retain their ability to set prices. But they are missing some tricks. The music and film industries have sta
40、rted to bundle electronic with physical versions of their products by, for instance, providing those who buy a DVD of a movie with a code to download it from the Internet. Publishers, similarly, should bundle e-books with paper books. They also need to become more efficient. Digital books can be dis
41、tributed globally, but publishers persist in dividing the world into territories with separate editorial staffs. In the digital age it is daft to take months or even years to get a book to market. And if they are to distinguish their wares from self-published dross, they must get better at choosing
42、books, honing ideas and polishing copy. If publishers are to hold readers attention they must tell a better story and edit out all the spelling mistakes as well. 26 According to the passage, readers welcome e-books because （ A） the e-reader is globally available. （ B） many traditional bookstores are
43、 out of business. （ C） they can make a quick response. （ D） the e-book service is free from physical constraints. 27 Why do some publishers no longer promote their books? （ A） Because the paper books are not profitable enough to sustain promotion. （ B） Because Amazons near monopoly over the industry
44、 makes promotion unnecessary. （ C） Because the public have easy access to the books sales and reviews. （ D） Because all the writers are promoting the books on their own. 28 What are publishers supposed to do in order to survive? （ A） They should sponsor the writers in poverty. （ B） They should super
45、vise the book quality. （ C） They should get ready for the competition. （ D） They should participate in intellectual life. 29 From the last paragraph, we know that （ A） e-books are now sold together with the paper versions. （ B） a digital publication usually takes months or years to get to market. （
46、C） the official publications are actually superior to the self-published ones in quality. （ D） publishers have hired different editors in different areas. 30 Which of the following statements is the best title of the passage? （ A） The Challenges of the Traditional Publishers. （ B） The Transformation
47、 of the Book Industry. （ C） The Keys to the Success of the E-books. （ D） The Destined Disappearance of the Paper Books. 30 In the first episode of Six Feet Under, a popular American television show aired earlier this decade, a large corporation tries to buy a family-owned funeral home (even making o
48、vertures at the patriarchs own burial). The owners of Salem Funerals its biggest rival, Stewart Enterprises, is just over $7, down from $28 at its peak in 1998. The trouble was a wave of consolidation during the 1980s and 1990s. Funeral-home companies thought they could grow by acquisition and cut c
49、osts through consolidation. But they overpaid amid a scramble to buy independent funeral homes, and found that they could not wring big savings out of them. Death, although recession-proof, is not a growth business (even though baby boomers are getting on), so SCI is trying to increase its margins. In recent years it has adopted a new strategy, cutting prices for caskets and urns while concentrating on selling bundles of se
