1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 867及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you
2、 fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task. 0 On Public Speaking I. Peoples frequent response to giving their first speech: feel【 T1】 _【 T1】_ II. The speakers secret of giving
3、speeches think public speaking is【 T2】 _ as other forms of talk【 T2】 _ take public speaking as a way to【 T3】 _ his thoughts【 T3】 _ know public speaking is easier than【 T4】 _【 T4】 _ - reason: the speaker is free to decide on the【 T5】 _ of his speech【 T5】 _ III. Two key points to be a successful publi
4、c speaker 【 T6】 _ with the subject matter【 T6】 _ good preparation of the speech IV. Ways to【 T7】 _ the audience s understanding【 T7】 _ at the beginning:【 T8】 _ the content beforehand【 T8】 _ at the end: end the speech with【 T9】 _【 T9】 _ V. Other key points to bear in mind make【 T10】 _ with the audien
5、ce【 T10】 _ vary the【 T11】 _ of delivery【 T11】 _ stand up straight use the【 T12】 _ in a right way【 T12】 _ be【 T13】 _ in speech and get your message to the point【 T13】 _ - inaugural speech of Kennedy: one of the【 T14】 _, best【 T14】 _ remembered and most quoted -【 T15】 _: the core to the success of man
6、y successful people【 T15】 _ 1 【 T1】 2 【 T2】 3 【 T3】 4 【 T4】 5 【 T5】 6 【 T6】 7 【 T7】 8 【 T8】 9 【 T9】 10 【 T10】 11 【 T11】 12 【 T12】 13 【 T13】 14 【 T14】 15 【 T15】 SECTION B INTERVIEW In this section you will hear ONE interview. The interview will be divided into TWO parts. At the end of each part, five
7、 questions will be asked about what was said. Both the interview and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of A , B , C and D , and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO. Yo
8、u have THIRTY seconds to preview the questions. （ A） She is a linguist. （ B） She works as a teacher. （ C） Shes an expert on language education （ D） Shes an expert on spreading languages. （ A） The critical period for second-language learning doesnt exist. （ B） The critical period affects ones ability
9、 to learn a second language. （ C） The critical period affects second language learners learning way. （ D） The critical period puts a constraint on language learning capacity. （ A） Their learning strategies. （ B） How much they already know. （ C） Their feeling about making errors. （ D） Many variables
10、that vary with age. （ A） Because they master more than one language. （ B） Because they utilize languages with literacy skills. （ C） Because they do well in algebra and history. （ D） Because they practice languages on a regular basis. （ A） Because they are learning in the context of more contextual i
11、nteractions. （ B） Because they are more likely to experiment with unfamiliar sounds. （ C） Because they are more willing to learn socially useful language. （ D） Because they are acquiring social language skills more naturally. （ A） Their learning styles are similar. （ B） They utilize similar cognitiv
12、e processes. （ C） They share similar ability declines. （ D） Their study strategies are similar. （ A） They possess a high motivation. （ B） They are better language learners. （ C） They already know more than one language. （ D） They apply more effective cognitive processes. （ A） Less recourse to the ta
13、rget language. （ B） Less immersion in the first language. （ C） Higher second-language proficiency. （ D） Motivation to forget the first language. （ A） Learners literacy skills. （ B） First language capacities. （ C） First language maintenance. （ D） Second language study strategies. （ A） Because they ar
14、e less likely to suffer memory loss. （ B） Because they tend to be more diligent language learners. （ C） Because they are more likely to achieve native-like proficiency. （ D） Because they almost never become monolingual in the learning process. SECTION A MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS In this section ther
15、e are several passages followed by fourteen multiple-choice questions. For each multiple-choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A , B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. 25 (1)Ask an American schoolchild what he or she is learning in school these days and yo
16、u might even get a reply, provided you ask it in Spanish. But dont bother, heres the answer: Americans nowadays are not learning any of the things that we learned in our day, like reading and writing. Apparently these are considered antique old subjects, invented by white males to oppress women and
17、minorities. (2)What are they learning? In a Vermont college town I found the answer sitting in a toy store book rack, next to typical kids books like “Heather Has Two Mommies and Daddy Is Dysfunctional“. Its a teachers guide called “Happy To Be Me“, subtitled “Building Self Esteem“. (3)Self-esteem,
18、as it turns out, is a big subject in American classrooms. Many American schools see building it as important as teaching reading and writing. They call it “whole language“ teaching, borrowing terminology from the granola people to compete in the education marketplace. (4)No one ever spent a moment b
19、uilding my self-esteem when I was in school. In fact, from the day I first stepped inside a classroom my self-esteem was one big demolition site. All that mattered was “the subject,“ be it geography, history, or mathematics. I was praised when I remembered that “near“, “fit“, “friendly“, “pleasing“,
20、 “like“ and their opposites took the dative case in Latin I was scolded when I forgot what a cosine was good for. Generally I lived my school years beneath a torrent of criticism so consistent I eventually ceased to hear it, as people who live near the sea eventually stop hearing the waves. (5)Schoo
21、ls have changed. Scolding is out, for one thing. More important, subjects have changed. Whereas I learned English, modern kids learn something called “language skills.“ Whereas I learned writing, modern kids learn something called “communication“. Communication, the book tells us, is seven per cent
22、words, 23 per cent facial expression, 20 per cent tone of voice, and 50 per cent body language. So this column, with its carefully chosen words, would earn me at most a grade of seven per cent. That is, if the school even gave out something as oppressive and demanding as grades. (6)The result is tha
23、t, in place of English classes, American children are getting a course in How to Win Friends and Influence People. Consider the new attitude toward journal writing: I remember one high school English class when we were required to keep a journal. The idea was to emulate those great writers who confi
24、ded in diaries, searching their souls and perfecting their critical thinking on paper. (7)“Happy To Be Me“ states that journals are a great way for students to get in touch with their feelings. Tell students they can write one sentence or a whole page. Reassure them that no one, not even you, will r
25、ead what they write. After the unit, hopefully all students will be feeling good about themselves and will want to share some of their entries with the class. (8)There was a time when no self-respecting book for English teachers would use “great“ or “hopefully“ that way. Moreover, back then the purp
26、ose of English courses(an antique term for “Unit“)was not to help students “feel good about themselves.“ Which is good, because all that scolding didnt make me feel particularly good about anything. 26 In Paragraph Three “whole language“ teaching is in quotation marks because （ A） the author is usin
27、g direct speech. （ B） the author is questioning the concept. （ C） the words quoted are a translation. （ D） the author is quoting from another source. 27 Which of the following is the author implying in Paragraph Five? （ A） Self-criticism has gone too far. （ B） Evaluating criteria are inappropriate n
28、owadays. （ C） Communication is a more comprehensive* category than language skills. （ D） This column does not meet the demanding evaluating criteria of today. 28 The authors intention is to get us （ A） confirm current trends. （ B） rethink educational strategies. （ C） think about what constitutes com
29、munication. （ D） reassure parents. 28 (1)The American screen has long been a smoky place, at least since 1942s Now, Voyager, in which Bette Davis and Paul Henreid showed how to make and seal a romantic deal over a pair of cigarettes that were smoldering as much as the stars. Today cigarettes are mor
30、e common onscreen than at any other time since midcentury: 75% of all Hollywood films including 36% of those rated G or PG show tobacco use, according to a recent survey by the University of California, San Francisco. (2)Audiences, especially kids, are taking notice. Two recent studies, published in
31、 Lancet and Pediatrics, have found that among children as young as 10, those exposed to the most screen smoking are up to 2.7 times as likely as others to pick up the habit Worse, its the ones from nonsmoking homes who are hit the hardest, perhaps because they are spared the duty ashtrays and moldy
32、drapes that make real-world smoking a lot less appealing than the clean cinematic version. (3)Now the Harvard School of Public Health(HSPH) the folks behind the designated-driver campaign are pushing to get the smokes off the screen. “Some movies show kids up to 14 incidents of smoking per hour,“ sa
33、ys Barry Bloom, HSPHs dean. “Were in the business of preventing disease, and cigarettes are the No. 1 preventable cause.“ (4)If theres one thing health experts know, its that you dont influence behavior by telling people what to do. You do it by exposing them to enough cases of people behaving well
34、that it creates a new norm. What made the designated-driver concept catch on in the 1980s was partly that Harvard and the ad agencies it worked with persuaded TV networks to slip the idea into their shows. Theres a reason a designated-driver poster appeared in the bar on Cheers, and its not because
35、it made the jokes funnier. (5)“The idea appeared in 160 prime-time episodes over four years,“ says Jay Winsten, HSPHs associate dean. “Drunk-driving fatalities fell 25% over the next three years.“ (6)Harvard long believed that getting cigarettes out of movies could have as powerful an effect, but it
36、 wouldnt be easy. Cigarette makers had a history of striking product-placement deals with Hollywood, and while the 1998 tobacco settlement prevents that, nothing stops directors from incorporating smoking into scenes on their own. (7)In 1999 Harvard began holding one-on-one meetings with studio exec
37、utives trying to change that, and last year the Motion Picture Association of America flung the door open, inviting Bloom to make a presentation in February to all the studios. Harvards advice was direct: Get the butts entirely out, or at least make smoking unappealing. (8)A few films provide a glim
38、pse of what a no-smoking or low-smoking Hollywood would be like. Producer Lindsay Doran, who once helped persuade director John Hughes to keep Ferris Bueller smoke-free in the 1980s hit, wanted to do the same for the leads of her 2006 movie Stranger Than Fiction. When a writer convinced her that the
39、 character played by Emma Thompson had to smoke, Doran relented, but from the way Thompson hacks her way through the film and snuffs out her cigarettes in a palmful of spit, its clear the glamours gone. And remember all the smoking in The Devil Wears Prada? No? Thats because the producers of that fi
40、lm kept it out entirely. “No one smoked in that movie,“ says Doran, “and no one noticed.“ (9)Such movies are hardly the rule, but the pressure is growing. Like smokers, studios may conclude that quitting the habit is not just a lot healthier but also a lot smarter. 29 The movie Now, Voyager is menti
41、oned to illustrate that （ A） smoking can make romance on screen. （ B） American screen was full of cigarette smoke. （ C） why cigarettes are easier to get than past. （ D） Hollywood movie is a typical example of smoky screen. 30 What is the purpose of the second paragraph? （ A） To show audiences are ea
42、sily influenced by smoky movies. （ B） To show kids of 10 are the most likely to pick up smoking habit. （ C） To explain why smoky movies have influence on kids. （ D） To explain why we should prevent cigarettes on screen. 31 What is the authors attitude toward getting cigarettes out of screen? （ A） Cr
43、itical. （ B） Optimistic. （ C） Indifferent. （ D） Skeptical. 31 (1)Socrates, son of. Sophroniscus, a sculptor, was philosopher of Athens, Greece. It is said that in early life he practiced his fathers art. In middle life he married Xanthippe, who is legendary as a shrew, although the stories have litt
44、le basis in ascertainable fact. It is not certain who were Socratess teachers in philosophy, but he seems to have been acquainted with the doctrines of Parmenides, Heraclitus, Anaxagoras, and the atomists. He was widely known for his intellectual powers even before he was 40, when, according to Plat
45、os report of Socratess speech in the Apology, the oracle at Delphi pronounced him the wisest man in Greece. In that speech Socrates maintained that he was puzzled by this acclaim until he discovered that, while others professed knowledge without realizing their ignorance, he at least was aware of hi
46、s own ignorance. (2)Socrates became convinced that his calling was to search for wisdom about right conduct by which he might guide the intellectual and moral improvement of the Athenians. Neglecting his own affairs, he spent his time discussing virtue, justice, and piety wherever his fellow citizen
47、s congregated. Some felt that he also neglected public duty, for he never sought public office, although he was famous for his courage in the military campaigns in which he served. In his self-appointed task as gadfly someone annoys other people by criticizing them to the Athenians, Socrates made nu
48、merous enemies. (3)Aristophanes mimicked Socrates in his play The Clouds and attributed to him some of the faults of the Sophists professional teachers of rhetoric. Although Socrates in fact baited the Sophists, his other critics seem to have held a view similar to that of Aristophanes. In 399 B.C.
49、he was brought to trial for corrupting youth and for religious heresies. Obscure political issues surrounded the trial, but it seems that Socrates was tried also for being the friend and teacher of Alcibiades and Critias, both of whom had betrayed Athens. The trial and death of Socrates, who was given poison to drink, are described with g
