1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 881及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you
2、 fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task. 0 Five Common Mistakes in Conversations and Their Solutions I. Not listening A. Problem: most people 【 T1】 _ 【 T1】 _ wait eagerly fo
3、r their turn to talk only care for themselves B. Solutions Avoid 【 T2】 _ question. 【 T2】 _ Listen to the content. II. Asking 【 T3】 _ 【 T3】 _ A. Problems conversation sounds like 【 T4】 _ 【 T4】 _ you dont have much to contribute B. Solutions 【 T5】 _ questions with statements. 【 T5】 _ III. Poor deliver
4、y A. Problems Speak too 【 T6】 _ 【 T6】 _ Speak lowly and breathlessly. Speak 【 T7】 _ 【 T7】 _ B. Solutions - 【 T8】 _ 【 T8】 _ Speak loudly. Do not 【 T9】 _. 【 T9】 _ Dont use a(n)【 T10】 _. 【 T10】 _ Improve your 【 T11】 _, e.g. laughter, posture, etc. 【 T11】 _ IV. Talking about a weird or 【 T12】 _ topic 【
5、T12】 _ A. Problem B. Solutions Steer clear of topics such as bad health or relationships, crappy job or boss, serial killers, technical lingo that only you and some other guy understands. Avoid talking about religion and 【 T13】 _. 【 T13】 _ V. Being boring A. Problem: clinging to one topic for hours
6、B. Solutions Lead an interesting life, and focus on 【 T14】 _. 【 T14】 _ Be genuinely interested, and make the conversation feel more 【 T15】 _. 【 T15】 _ 1 【 T1】 2 【 T2】 3 【 T3】 4 【 T4】 5 【 T5】 6 【 T6】 7 【 T7】 8 【 T8】 9 【 T9】 10 【 T10】 11 【 T11】 12 【 T12】 13 【 T13】 14 【 T14】 15 【 T15】 SECTION B INTERVI
7、EW In this section you will hear ONE interview. The interview will be divided into TWO parts. At the end of each part, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the interview and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pau
8、se, you should read the four choices of A , B , C and D , and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the questions. （ A） Because they are surrounded by iron products. （ B） Because they take in too much iron from the diet. （ C） Because they suffe
9、r from the side effect of modern technology. （ D） Because they are influenced by the radiation of computers. （ A） Taking an operation. （ B） Injection therapy. （ C） Blood donation. （ D） Taking medicine. （ A） People need enough sun to get vitamin D. （ B） The ultraviolet rays from sun are beneficial. （
10、 C） The sun can bring people a good mood. （ D） People can do outdoor exercise only in the sun. （ A） They tend to take in less vitamin D in that season. （ B） They do less exercise and become weaker than usual. （ C） They need to eat much more greasy food to keep warm. （ D） They get less sun to convert
11、 cholesterol into vitamin D. （ A） Because some people dont think they need the sun to get vitamin D. （ B） Because its an example of an evolutionary compromise. （ C） Because someone has got too much sun. （ D） Because some people think they are healthy enough. （ A） Because the gene has been passed dow
12、n before they died. （ B） Because their families and relatives had similar gene. （ C） Because the gene had to protect people in the past and today. （ D） Because the gene has been passed down by skipped generation. （ A） Ten minutes before we go indoor. （ B） Ten minutes after exposing to the sun. （ C）
13、The first ten minutes when go out in the sun. （ D） As soon as we go out in the sun. （ A） Because they take advantage of numerous fertilizers. （ B） Because they are all sprayed with pesticides. （ C） Because they contain great chemicals and make poisons. （ D） Because they have been processed before sa
14、le. （ A） Because some of them are not used to some kinds of alcohol. （ B） Because most of them drink fewer times than people of other continents. （ C） Because half of them lack a gene to break down alcohol efficiently. （ D） Because some of them suffer from diseases that limit drinking. （ A） It gives
15、 conventional account for medicine. （ B） It introduces the dietary regime for the sick. （ C） It sees various medical issues in new light. （ D） It offers tips on survival in the wilderness. SECTION A MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS In this section there are several passages followed by fourteen multiple-ch
16、oice questions. For each multiple-choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A , B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. 25 (1)Cheating in sport is as old as sport itself. The athletes of ancient Greece used potions to fortify themselves before a contest, and thei
17、r modern counterparts have everything from anabolic steroids and growth hormones to doses of extra red blood cells with which to invigorate their bodies. These days, however, such stimulants are frowned on, and those athletes must therefore run the gauntlet of organizations such as the World Anti-Do
18、ping Agency (WADA), which would rather that athletes competed without resorting to them. (2)The agencies have had remarkable success. Testing for anabolic steroids (in other words, artificial testosterone)was introduced in the 1970s, and the incidence of cheating seems to have fallen dramatically as
19、 a result. The tests, however, are not foolproof. And a study just published in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology they just have to think about a bit more. And as they start to open up, the conversation becomes more interesting. The second mistake is asking too many questions. If you ask too man
20、y questions, the conversation can feel like a bit of an interrogation. Or like you dont have that much to contribute. One alternative is to mix questions with statements. And then the conversation can flow on from there. And you can discuss Frisbee golf, the advantages or disadvantages of different
21、lures or your favourite beer. Third mistake, poor delivery. One of the most important things in a conversation is not what you say, but how you say it. A change in these habits can make a big difference since your voice and body language is a vital part of communication. There are 6 things to think
22、about: 1. Slowing down. When you get excited about something, its easy to start talking faster and faster. Try to slow down. It will make it much easier for people to listen and for you actually get what you are saying across to them. 2. Speaking up. Dont be afraid to talk as loud as you need to for
23、 people to hear you. 3. Speaking clearly. Dont mumble. 4. Speak with emotion. No one listens for that long if you speak with a monotone voice. Let your feelings be reflected in your voice. 5. Using pauses. Slowing down your talking plus adding a small pause between thoughts or sentences creates a bi
24、t of tension and anticipation. People will start to listen more attentively to what youre saying. 6. Learn a bit about improving your body language as it can make your delivery a lot more effective. Read about laughter, posture and how to hold your drink in 18 ways to improve your body language. Fou
25、rth mistake, talking about a weird or negative topic. If youre at a party or somewhere where you are just getting to know some people, you might want to avoid some topics. Talking about your bad health or relationships, your crappy job or boss, serial killers, technical lingo that only you and some
26、other guys understand or anything that sucks the positive energy out of the conversation are topics to steer clear from. You might also want to save religion and politics for conversations with your friends. Last but not least, being boring. Dont prattle on about your new car for 10 minutes obliviou
27、s to your surroundings. Always be prepared to drop a subject when you start to bore people. Or when everyone is getting bored and the topic is starting to run out of steam. One good way to have something interesting to say is simply to lead an interesting life, and to focus on the positive stuff. Do
28、nt start to whine about your boss or your job. People dont want to hear that. Instead, talk about your last trip somewhere, some funny anecdote that happened while you were buying clothes, your plans for New Years Eve or something funny or exciting. Another way is just to be genuinely interested. As
29、 Dale Carnegie said “You can make more friends in two months by becoming really interested in other people than you can in two years by trying to get other people interested in you, which is just another way of saying that the way to make a friend is to be one.“ Opening up a bit and not clinging des
30、perately to one topic will make the conversation feel more relaxed and open. You will come across like a person who can talk about many things with ease. As youve probably experienced with other people, this quality is something you appreciate in a conversation and makes you feel like you can connec
31、t to that person easily. Okay, just to sum up. Today weve talked about five easily made mistakes in a conversation. These mistakes can be well-improved if you follow our solutions. Although the list is not complete, I hope it would be helpful. 1 【正确答案】 dont listen 【试题解析】 讲座的主题是五种对话中常见的错误，第一种错误是 not
32、listening，空格前是名词，故空格处填入动词作谓语，故填 dont listen。 2 【正确答案】 yes or no 【试题解析】 讲座提到应对 not listening问题时，给出了解决方法 “避免问一般疑问句 ”(avoid yes or no type of questions)，由此可知答案为 yes or no。 3 【正确答案】 too many questions excessively 【试题解析】 在提到第二种错误的时候，讲座人提到 asking too many questions，由此可知答案为 too many questions或 excessively。
33、 4 【正确答案】 an interrogation 【试题解析】 讲座提到，如果你问得太多问题，对话就好像成了一种 “拷问 ”(an interrogation)。 interrogation是难词，考生可能不认识，但可先记下发音，再根据发音来推敲拼写。 5 【正确答案】 Mix Combine 【试题解析】 本题为第二种错误的解决方法。录音中提到一种选择是 “将问题与陈述混杂在一起 ”(mix questions with statements)，由此可知答案为 Mix或Combine，注意首字母大写。 6 【正确答案】 fast 【试题解析】 讲座中提到六个要注意的地方，其中第一点就是要
34、 “慢下来 ”(slowing down)，因为人们很容易就会越说越快 (start talking faster and faster)，所以本题填 fast即可。 7 【正确答案】 emotionlessly 【试题解析】 本题概括了交谈过程中说话人常表现出的第三种错误，由录音中的建议 Speak with emotion可推断，问题就应该是 “说话时缺乏感情 ”，此处应填入emotionlessly。 8 【正确答案】 Slow down 【试题解析】 本题应结合上文来解答，是第一条建议，既然提到人们往往说话太快，当然就应该慢下来了 (slowing down)。注意观察下面两行均为动词
35、原形开头，故将原文的动名词形式改为动词原形，填入 Slow down。 9 【正确答案】 mumble 【试题解析】 录音中列举了第三种错误 “表达技巧欠佳 ”(poor delivery)的六点具体表现，根据原文的 Speaking clearly Dont mumble可知答案为 mumble。 10 【正确答案】 monotone voice 【试题解析】 本题应与上文对应来看。讲座中提到说话单调的坏处 (speak with a monotone voice)，说没有人愿意长时间听这种声调。 11 【正确答案】 body language 【试题解析】 在提到 Poor deliver
36、y时，第六点建议要学会提升身体语言，由此可知答案为 body language。 12 【正确答案】 negative unpleasant 【试题解析】 本题从提纲上看讲的是第四种错误，录音提到的第四种错误是 “谈论一些奇怪或负面的主题 ”(talking about a weird or negative topic)，结合题目可知答案为 negative或 unpleasant。 13 【正确答案】 politics 【试题解析】 录音中提到 save religion and politics，即应避免此类话题，答案为politics。 14 【正确答案】 positive stuff
37、 【试题解析】 从内容上看本题讲的是最后一个问题的解决方法，录音提到要关注于一些积极的事情上 (to focus on the positive stuff)，因此答案为 positive stuff。 15 【正确答案】 relaxed and open relaxed open 【试题解析】 录音提到另一种解决方法是在真正感兴趣时说，开放一点，不要绝望地围绕一个话题，这样会使谈 话更轻松和开放 (relaxed and open)，因此答案为relaxed and open，或选其中一个形容词作答。 SECTION B INTERVIEW In this section you will
38、hear ONE interview. The interview will be divided into TWO parts. At the end of each part, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the interview and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four
39、 choices of A , B , C and D , and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the questions. 16 【听力原文】 M: Can wearing sun glasses make you more vulnerable to sunburn? Are there people who can resist the AIDS virus better than others? Can a human body
40、 rust to death? In his new book Survival of the Sickest, a Medical Maverick discovers why we need disease. Sharon Moalem explores these and other medical mysteries. Sharon, nice to see you, good morning. Let me dare say, you are an evolutionary biologist and a neural geneticist W: Thats right. M: Wh
41、at is that and why does it make you look at things from different points of view? W: Well, the evolutionary biologist part, it allows me to understand how our ancestors essentially influence who we are today. So whatever they experienced, be it a plague or a climate change, they adapted, they surviv
42、ed, and they passed down those adaptations to us like skin color or disease. M: So lets take a look at this question of “is it possible for people to actually rust to death?“ Medically speaking, is it possible? W: Yes, thank you for asking that question Ah, it is. Over a million Americans might be a
43、t risk from too much iron. Today you absorb too much iron from the diet and it essentially gets into certain organs and over time can rust them. So if its in the liver, it can cause liver cancer. M: You actually suffer from this. W: Right. M: So, this, and the treatment for this sounds a bit barbari
44、c. W: Well, its amazing actually. Its a simple blood donation. M: But its basically bleeding someway. W: Right. M: Well, youre getting rid of the iron-rich blood so that it can build up slowly again over time. W: Right. M: Alright. The second idea, sun exposure, skin disease experts everywhere are g
45、onna be shocked when they hear this, because they say “stay out of the sun, no matter what“. And you say “a certain amount of sun exposure actually can make us healthier“. W: Right essentially, we need vitamin D, so we evolve to convert cholesterol into vitamin D. Those are a few steps to get it and
46、 Vitamin D is not just good for the bone, its good for the immune system. So take African-Americans for example, who live in the northeastern United States, theyre at higher risk for prostate cancer than their cousins in Florida. And the reason for this is they dont get enough sun M: And another exa
47、mple: the cholesterol levels in people tend to go up in the winter. W: Thats right. M: Because youre not breaking down the cholesterol into vitamin D in the same levels. W: Exactly. M: Alright. But this is very individual. You shouldnt just tell everybody “go out and get in the sun“. W: Oh, no, no.
48、And again this is an example of an evolutionary compromise. You shouldnt get too much sun, but you still need the sun. 1. Why is it possible for people to rust to death? 2. What is the treatment of diseases related to rusting? 3. Why does Sharon think moderate sun exposure makes people healthier? 4.
49、 Why are people likely to have a higher cholesterol level in winter? 5. Why shouldnt everybody go out and get in the sun? 16 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 主持人问 Sharon人类是否可能生锈致死， Sharon给出了肯定回答，并说现在人们从饮食中吸引了大量的铁 (absorb too much iron from the diet)，这些铁 (元素 )会进入某些器官，并锈蚀这些器官，故 B项为正确答案。其余三项在原文中均未出现，可予以排除。 17 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 对话中在主持人说过铁元素过多的治疗方式有些原始后， Sharon说，确实很神奇，只是简单的捐献血
