[外语类试卷]专业英语八级(GENERAL KNOWLEDGE)模拟试卷2及答案与解析.doc

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1、专业英语八级( GENERAL KNOWLEDGE)模拟试卷 2及答案与解析 一、 PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN) Directions: There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question. 1 The Romans leaded by_came with 10,000 soldiers and landed on the shore of Kent in 55 BC. ( A) Claudius ( B) Ha

2、drian ( C) Caesar ( D) Plaulius 2 The largest lake in Britain is ( A) Lough Neagh. ( B) Windermere Water. ( C) Coniston Water. ( D) Lake District. 3 The largest and smallest states of the United States are ( A) Alaska and Rhode Island. ( B) Texas and Maine. ( C) Texas and Rhode Island. ( D) Alaska a

3、nd Maine. 4 What is the Republic of Ireland called in Irish? ( A) Irea. ( B) Aire. ( C) Eare. ( D) Eire. 5 Among the great Middle English poets, Geoffrey Chaucer is known for his production of ( A) Piers Plowman. ( B) Sir Gawain and the Green Knight. ( C) Poems on London. ( D) The Canterbury Tales.

4、6 “If winter comes,can spring be far behind?“ is an epigrammatic line by ( A) John Keats. ( B) William Blake. ( C) Percy Shelley. ( D) William Wordsworth. 7 Walt Whitman was a pioneering figure of American poetry. His innovation, first of all, lies in his use of_poetry without a fixed regular rhyme

5、scheme. ( A) blank verse ( B) heroic couplet ( C) free verse ( D) iambic pentameter 8 The pair of words “buy“ and “sell“ are ( A) gradable opposites. ( B) relational opposites. ( C) complementary opposites. ( D) contradictory opposites. 9 It is taken as a great contribution made by_that languages in

6、 the world are classified into different language families according to their genetic relations. ( A) modern linguists ( B) traditional grammarians ( C) sociolinguists ( D) historical linguists 10 The basic components of a sentence include ( A) a noun and a verb. ( B) a subject and a predicate. ( C)

7、 a noun and a predicate. ( D) a subject and a verb. 11 The first immigrants in American history came from_ , some running away from religious and political persecution and some coming as adventures from Europe for a better life. ( A) England and Germany ( B) England and Ireland ( C) England and the

8、Netherlands ( D) England and Spain 12 The English Civil War in the 17th century is also called ( A) the Puritan Revolution. ( B) the second Magna Carta. ( C) the Long Parliament. ( D) the Anglican War. 13 The World War I broke out on June 28th, ( A) 1914. ( B) 1917. ( C) 1815. ( D) 1918 14 The theme

9、 of Thanksgiving has always been ( A) friendship and happiness. ( B) peace and plenty. ( C) cooperation and rich reward. ( D) love and happiness. 15 The Victorian Age was largely an age of_ , eminently represented by Dickens and Thackeray. ( A) poetry ( B) drama ( C) prose ( D) novel 16 _is the firs

10、t important governess novel in the English literary history. ( A) Jane Eyre ( B) Emma ( C) Wuthering Heights ( D) She Walks in Beauty 17 Australia, which is one of the worlds developed countries, has become rich through ( A) manufacturing industries. ( B) farming and mining. ( C) service industries.

11、 ( D) forestry and fishing. 18 Which of the following words is NOT a derivative? ( A) Physician. ( B) Facial. ( C) Unify. ( D) Nicer. 19 In some languages like_, pitch variations are meaning distinctive. Therefore they are called tone languages. ( A) Chinese ( B) English ( C) French ( D) German 20 T

12、he statement “There is more politeness in womens language. “ is a view of ( A) pragmatics. ( B) historical linguistics. ( C) sociolinguistics. ( D) psycholinguistics. 21 Since 1971 the Canadian government has adopted policy of_ , recognizing that cultural pluralism within a bilingual framework is th

13、e essence of the Canadian identity. ( A) assimilation ( B) integration ( C) multiculturalism ( D) gender equality 22 In the United Kingdom, police officers are not allowed to join_or to go on strike. ( A) a trade union ( B) a choir ( C) a political party ( D) a club 23 The US Constitution requires t

14、hat the president should be a_-year-old native born American citizen, living in the States for 14 years. ( A) 25 ( B) 35 ( C) 45 ( D) 40 24 In English Civil War, also called the Puritan Revolution, a famous general _defeated the king at Naseby in 1645. ( A) Cromwell ( B) Montford ( C) Robert ( D) Ri

15、chard 25 _is considered to be the best-known English dramatist since Shakespeare, and his representative works are plays inspired by social criticism. ( A) George Gordon Byron ( B) D.H. Lawrence ( C) Oscar Wilde ( D) Bernard Shaw 26 Chinese poetry and philosophy have exerted great influence over ( A

16、) Ezra Pound. ( B) Ralph Waldo Emerson. ( C) Robert Frost. ( D) Emily Dickinson. 27 In which of the following works can you find the proper names “Lilliput“ , “Brob-dingnag“ , “Houyhnhnm“ and “Yahoo“? ( A) James Joyces Ulysses. ( B) Charles Dickenss Bleak House. ( C) Jonathan Swifts Gullivers Travel

17、s. ( D) Lawrences Women in Love. 28 “Underprivileged people“ is often used by the mass media as a substitute for “poor people“. Linguistically, the former is referred to as a(n) ( A) linguistic taboo. ( B) slangy expression. ( C) high-sounding expression. ( D) euphemism. 29 _approach the same lingui

18、stic unit from different perspectives. ( A) Syntax and semantics ( B) Phonology and pragmatics ( C) Phonetics and morphology ( D) Semantics and pragmatics 30 In the word “unpredictable“ , “pre-“ is a(n) ( A) free morpheme. ( B) bound morpheme. ( C) inflectional morpheme. ( D) stem. 31 Britain is sep

19、arated from the rest of Europe by the English Channel in the_ and the North Sea in the east. ( A) east ( B) south ( C) west ( D) north 32 The objective of the Chartist Movement was democratic right for all men, and it took its name from “_ “. ( A) The Bill of Rights ( B) The Agreement oj the People

20、( C) The Peoples Charter ( D) The Great Charter 33 In Britain, ministers are appointed by the Queen on the recommendation of ( A) the Lord Chancellor. ( B) the Prime Minister. ( C) the Speaker. ( D) the Parliamentary Commissioner. 34 Martin Luther King, Jr. , a young black clergyman, became a nation

21、al leader of the_Movement in the 1950s. ( A) Civil Rights ( B) Boycott ( C) Segregation ( D) Integration 35 Which of the following best describes the nature of Thomas Hardys later works? ( A) Sentimentalism. ( B) Tragic sense. ( C) Surrealism. ( D) Comic sense. 36 Linguistically, compared with the w

22、ritings of Mark Twain, Henry Jamess fiction is noted lor his ( A) frontier vernacular. ( B) rich colloquialism. ( C) vulgarly descriptive words. ( D) refined elegant language. 37 A typical feature of the English Victorian literature is that writers became social and moral_, exposing all kinds of soc

23、ial evils. ( A) revolutionaries ( B) idealists ( C) critics ( D) defenders 38 _looks at language from a psychological point of view, and to him, competence is a property of the mind of each individual. ( A) Chomsky ( B) Saussure ( C) Sapir ( D) Hall 39 Which of the following words is inflectional? (

24、 A) unfair ( B) carefree ( C) submarine ( D) going 40 English has undergone dramatic periods. The_period is roughly from 449 to 1100. ( A) Ancient English ( B) Old English ( C) Middle English ( D) Modern English 41 The longest river in Britain is ( A) the Clyde. ( B) the Mersey. ( C) the Severn. ( D

25、) the Thames. 42 Which of the following statements is NOT true about the Prime Minister in Britain? ( A) He is appointed by the Queen. ( B) He is Minister for the Civil Service. ( C) He sits in the House of Commons. ( D) In law, he is the symbol of the whole nation, head of the executive and an inte

26、gral part of the legislature. 43 In 1932, in the depth of the depression, the American people chose_as their next president who promised a “New Deal“ to get America out of depression. ( A) Theodore Roosevelt ( B) Franklin D.Roosevelt ( C) Woodrow Wilson ( D) Herbert C.Hoover 44 Which of the followin

27、g is NOT true about the political system of New Zealand? ( A) New Zealand has a written constitution. ( B) New Zealand has a parliamentary government and a constitutional monarchy. ( C) New Zealand follows the British parliamentary system with some variations. ( D) New Zealand parliament has only on

28、e chamber. 45 In all his novels, Theodore Dreiser set himself to project the_American values. For example, in Sister Carrie, there is not one character whose status is not determined economically. ( A) puritan ( B) materialistic ( C) psychological ( D) religious 46 Which one of the following stateme

29、nts is true of William Faulkner? ( A) He is famous for his inconsequential poetry. ( B) He won Nobel Prize in 1949. ( C) He often depicts slum life in New York and Chicago. ( D) He represents a new group of Northern writers. 47 Which of the following works best represents the national spirit of the

30、18th-century England? ( A) Robinson Crusoe. ( B) Gullivers Travels. ( C) Mr. Jonathan Wild The Great. ( D) A Sentimental Journey. 48 In English all the prefixes are_morphemes. ( A) inflectional ( B) grammatical ( C) derivational ( D) implicit 49 A person in Beijing can describe what happens in Austr

31、alia; similarly, a 21st-century person can talk about events in ancient times. This demonstrates that language possesses the design feature of ( A) displacement. ( B) duality. ( C) cultural transmission. ( D) productivity. 50 In word formation, the word “_“ is different from the other three. ( A) lo

32、vely ( B) kingly ( C) highly ( D) daily 专业英语八级( GENERAL KNOWLEDGE)模拟试卷 2答案与解析 一、 PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN) Directions: There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question. 1 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 公元 43年 Claudius派 Plautius去攻打英格兰,并征服该地。开始了罗马人对英国人长达 400年

33、的统治。公元前 55年是 Caesar登陆英格兰,但并未战胜。这两次的进攻都属于罗马帝国扩张的一部分,而 Hadrian与此历史事件无关。故 C正确。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 2 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 英国最大的湖是位于北爱尔兰的 Lough Neagh,面积达 396平方公里。 Lake District是英国著名的旅游风景区,包括 Windermere Water和 Coniston Water等湖泊。故 A正确。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 3 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 美国最大的州是 Alaska,最小的州是 Rhode

34、Island,故 A正确。Texas是美国的第二大州, Maine也是个小州,但比 Rhode Island大。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 4 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 1937年爱尔兰共和国成立并宣布该国国名为爱尔兰语的 Eire,故D正确。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 5 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 乔叟 (Geoffrey Chaucer)最有名的作品是坎特伯雷故事集。其他的都不是乔叟的作品,故 D正确。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 6 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 “冬天来了 ,春天还会远吗 ?”是雪莱的名

35、句,故 C正确。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 7 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 Walt Whitman是美国自由体诗的先锋,正像题干中提到的 “poetry without a fixed regular rhyme scheme”即:没有固定韵律的诗。题中 blank verse是无韵诗, heroic couplet是英雄体诗, iambic pentameter是抑扬格五音步诗。只有 C项 free verse是自由体诗的意思,故为答案。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 8 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 反义词一共分为三类,不存在 contr

36、adictory opposites。其中 “buy”和 “sell”是一组关系类反义词 (relational opposites);等级类反义词 (gradable opposites)如: “cold”和 “warm”;互补类反义词 (complementary opposites)如:“alive”和 “dead”,故 B正确。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 9 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 把语言依据内部关系划分为不同的类别是历史语言学家 (historical linguists)的工作,而不是现代语言学家 (modern linguists),传统语法学家(

37、traditional grammarians)和社会语言学者 (sociolinguists)的责任,故 D正确。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 10 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 A项 (a noun and a verb)指的是词性, C和 D项糅合了 A和 B项的内 容,概念范畴混乱,仅是迷惑项而已。从句法的角度看,句子的基本成分包括主语和谓语 (a subject and a predicate),故 B正确。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 11 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 第一批到达美洲的欧洲人主要是来自英格兰和荷兰的清教徒,他们在国内

38、受到迫害,到美洲寻找自由,故 C正确。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 12 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 英国内战指的是新兴资产阶级和旧封建势力的斗争。前者的军队 中有许多的清教徒,他们最终取得了革命的胜利,因而英国内战也称为清教徒革命,故 A正确。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 13 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 第一次世界大战从 1914到 1918年,历时 4年。本题问的是爆发时间,故 A正确。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 14 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 感恩节是北美的节日,在每年 11月份的第四个星期四,其主题就是

39、和平、富足、健康和幸福。选项中相关的有 A、 B和 D,但 A和 D都不全面,故 B正确。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 15 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 本题的重要线索是提到的作家名字,因为狄更斯和萨克雷都是著名的现实主义小说家,所以可以推定维多利亚时期的文学作品主要是以小说为主,故 D正确。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 16 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 在英国文学史上, Charlotte Bronte的小说简 爱占有重要的地位,其女主人公也可称得上是文学史上第一位重要的家庭教师。选项中, A正是简 爱, B和 C项作品中的女主人公并不是家

40、庭教师,而 D项是拜伦所写的一首诗,故 A正确。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 17 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 澳大利亚土地广袤,矿产丰富,其国家收入主要来源于农业和矿业,故 B正确。其加工业效率还不够高,服务业也正在高速发展,林渔业不是支柱性产业。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 18 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 词缀加在另一个词上而得来的新词是派生词。选项中的 A、 B和 C都是派生词。 D项 nicer中虽然也 有词缀 er,但表示的是比较级,属屈折变化,并没有改变词义或词性,因而它不属于派生词,故 D正确。 【知识模块】 GENERAL

41、KNOWLEDGE 19 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 汉语有四声的区别,音同声不同就是不同的意义,而英语、法语和德语没有四声的区分。因而所给选项中,只有汉语是语调语言,故 A正确。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 20 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 语用学关注的是不同语境下的语义;历史语言学研究语言的发展和分类;社会语言学关注社会 变量不同情况下的语言差异;心理语言学是心理学与语言学结合的交叉学科,研究面广。题干中陈述的是女性的语言特征,属社会语言学的研究范畴,故 C正确。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 21 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 1971

42、年前,加拿大政府奉行的是民族同化政策 (assimilation),但各民族依然保持其民族传统。 1971年后政府接受了多民族主义,文化多元性正是加拿大的特点。因而本题答案为 C multiculturalism文化多元性。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 22 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 英国国民有在法律规定范围内的集会、罢工的自由。工人罢工一般由工会 (a trade union)组织,但是警察不可以结成工会参与罢工,故 A正确。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 23 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 美国的宪法规定,美国总统必须出生于美国,在国内居住

43、至少 14年,年龄达 35岁,故 B正确。对其他政治要人也有年龄的限定,参议员的最低年龄为 30岁,众议院议员的最低年龄为 25岁。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 24 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 在英国内战中,议会一方的著名将领克伦威尔带领军队一次又一次打败了国王的军队,纳西比一战正是克伦威尔的杰作,故 A正确。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 25 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 莎士比亚的文学成就,在英国至今无人可及。在他之后的众多戏剧作家中,最有名的当是萧伯纳。另外 George Gordon Byron是浪漫主义诗人;D H Lawrence

44、是小说家; Oscar Wilde主要写诗 和小说,只有 Bernard Shaw以戏剧而闻名,故 D正确。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 26 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 中国的诗和哲学对美国作家庞德 (Ezra Pound)产生了很大的影响。Ralph Waldo Emerson, Robert Frost和 Emily Dickinson都没有受到中国文学的影响,故 A正确。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 27 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 “Lilliput”、 “Brobdingnag”、 “Houyhnhnm”和 “Yahoo”这些怪异

45、的名字,都是英国过去人们生活中不存在的事物,是作家故意杜撰出来以体现故事本身的不真实性。它们是 Jonathan Swift的作品 Gullivers Travels中的地名和人名。该故事集中有大人国、小人国等虚构的故事。题中特殊词汇出现在这样的作品中也就不足为怪了,故 C正确。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 28 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 不直接用 “穷人 ”,而用 “需要帮助的人 ”代指穷人,是委婉的说法,英文为 euphemism,故 D正确。而 taboo是禁忌语,不能说的话; slangy expression是俚语,非常不正式的词; highsoundin

46、g expression是高调词。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 29 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 在语言学的研究领域中,语义学和语用学都研究语义,但是语用学侧重研究不同语境下的语义。因而这两门学科研究对象相同,但是角度不同。故D正确。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 30 【正确答案】 B 【 试题解析】 单词 unpredictable由四个词素组成 (unpredict-able)。其中“un”和 “pre”都是前缀, “dict”是词根, “able”是后缀。因为前缀都是粘着词素(bound morpheme),故 B正确, “pre”作为前缀

47、是粘着词素。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 31 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 英吉利海峡位于英国南部,割断了英国与欧洲大陆的陆路交通,故B正确。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 32 【正确答案 】 C 【试题解析】 本题需要区分的是 C和 D都有 charter一词。 19世纪的宪章运动得名于人民宪章 The Peoples Charter,而 The Great Charter指的是 13世纪的 Magna Carta,故 C正确。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 33 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 英国任免大臣的仪式由女王来执

48、行,但女王并没有真正的选择大臣的实权,只能依据首相推荐的人选任命。故 B正确。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 34 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 马丁 路德 金带领黑人展开的运动正是争取人人平等的民权运动,他为此获得了诺贝尔奖,故 A正确。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 35 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 英国小说家哈代后期的作品都带有悲剧色彩,故 B正确。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 36 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 与马克 吐温用词简洁的文风相比,亨利 詹姆斯用词讲究、华美,故 D正确。 【知识模块】 GENERAL K

49、NOWLEDGE 37 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 维多利亚时期的文学作品主要是现实主义小说,揭示了下层人民的苦难和社会的阴暗面,带有批评色彩。由题干中的 “exposing all kinds of social evils”也可推断出本题的正确答案是 C。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 38 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 Chomsky是语言心理学派的代表,他认为人生来就具备学习语言的能力 (competence)。 Saussure是现代语言学之父; Sapir是人 类语言学家; Hall是影响跨文化交际学的重要学者。故 A正确。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 39 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 选项中 A和 C都是派生词, B是复合词,只有 D是 go+ing构成的屈折词,词缀不改变原来单词的语义,只表明其语法功能,故 D正确。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 40 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 英语的发展可分为

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